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Help:List of musical symbols

A list of musical symbols with the codes and techniques necessary to create them on Wikisource.


Simple

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Symbol Name LilyPond syntax ABC syntax Notes
 
 Whole note (semibreve), Half note (minim),
Quarter note (crotchet), Eighth note (quaver),
Sixteenth note (semiquaver)		 b1 b2 b4 b8 b16 B8 B4 B2 B1 (or B) B1/2 (or B/) ABC works with default note length, varying depending on meter. You can set the default note length:

L:1/8

for a default note length of an eighth note (quaver) The examples below assumes a default note length of 1/4 unless otherwise specified.

 
 Dotted note b4. b2. b4.. b2.. B3/2 B3 B7/4 B7/2 In LilyPond, dotted notes must always have a specified, numeric duration.

In ABC there is a shortcut for a dotted note followed by a note half the value of the undotted one. For example a dotted quarter note followed by an eighth:

B>B

This works the with an eighth followed by a quarter as well:

B<B

 
 Beam b8[ d c b] B/d/c/B/
 
 Chord <a d> <a c e> [Ad] [Ace]
 
 Phrase b\( b b b\) (B B B B)
 
 Rest r2 r4 r8 r16 z z/2 z/4
 
 Slur g( b d) (G B d)
 
 Tie b~ b B-B

Accidentals

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Symbol Name LilyPond syntax ABC syntax Notes
 
 Flat bes
(note + es)		 _B
 
 Double flat beses
(note + eses)		 __B
 
 Sharp bis
(note + is)		 ^B
 
 Double sharp bisis
(note + isis)		 ^^B

Clefs

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Symbol Name LilyPond syntax ABC syntax Notes
 
 Treble clef \clef treble
\clef G		 [K: clef=treble]
[K: clef=G]
[K: clef=G2]		 For voice [V:1 clef=G] or key [K:C clef=G]

The numbers for the clefs are the lines where the clef is centered, counted from the lowest.

The square brackets are used for change inside the tune. At the start, use K:Dm clef=F for in d minor noted with bass clef.

 
 French clef \clef french [K: clef=G1]
 
 Bass clef \clef bass
\clef F		 [K: clef=bass]
[K: clef=F]
[K: clef=F4]
 
 Varbaritone clef \clef varbaritone [K: clef=F3]
 
 Subbass clef \clef subbass [K: clef=F5]
 
 Alto clef \clef alto
\clef C		 [K: clef=alto]
[K: clef=C]
[K: clef=C3]
 
 Tenor clef \clef tenor [K: clef=tenor]
[K: clef=C4]
 
 Soprano clef \clef soprano [K: clef=alto1]
[K: clef=C1]
 
 Mezzosoprano clef \clef mezzosoprano [K: clef=alto2]
[K: clef=C2]
 
 Baritone clef \clef baritone [K: clef=alto5]
[K: clef=C5]
 
 Percussion clef \clef percussion

Rhythm and key

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Symbol Name LilyPond syntax ABC syntax Notes
 
 Time signature \time 2/4 M:2/4
 
 Key signature \key b \minor K:Bm
K:D
 
 Metronome marks \tempo 4 = 120 Q:1/4=120
 
 Textual tempo indication \tempo "Allegro" Q: "Allegro"
 
 Tempo & metronome marks \tempo "Allegro" 4 = 120 Q: "Allegro" 1/4=120

Dynamics

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Symbol Name LilyPond syntax ABC syntax Notes
 
 Crescendo b\< b b\! !<(!B B B!<)!
 
 Diminuendo
or Decrescendo		 b\> b b\! !>(!B B B!>)!
 
 Pianississimo b\ppp !ppp!B
 
 Pianissimo b\pp !pp!B
 
 Piano b\p !p!B
 
 Mezzo piano b\mp !mp!B
 
 Mezzo forte b\mf !mf!B
 
 Forte b\f !f!B
 
 Fortissimo b\ff !ff!B
 
 Fortississimo b\fff !fff!B
 
 Sforzando b\sfz !sfz!B
 
 Forte-piano b\fp

Articulations

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Symbol Name LilyPond syntax ABC syntax Notes
 
 Staccato b-. or b\staccato
 
 Staccatissimo
or Spiccato		 b-! or b\staccatissimo
 
 Accent b-> or b\accent
 
 Tenuto b-- or b\tenuto
 
 Marcato b-^ or b\marcato
 
 Stopped note
or Pizzicato		 b-+ or b\stopped
 
 Portato b-_ or b\portato
 
 Espressivo b\espressivo
 
 Fermata b\fermata
 
 Short fermata b\shortfermata
 
 Long fermata b\longfermata
 
 Very long fermata b\verylongfermata
 
 Open note b\open
 
 Flageolet
or Natural harmonic		 b\flageolet
 
 Half open note b\halfopen
 
 Snap pizzicato b\snappizzicato
 
 Up bow
or Sull'arco		 b\upbow
 
 Down bow
or Giù arco		 b\downbow
 
 Thumb b\thumb
 
 Left-foot heel pedal mark b\lheel
 
 Right-foot heel pedal mark b\rheel
 
 Left-foot toe pedal mark b\ltoe
 
 Right-foot toe pedal mark b\rtoe

Ornaments

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Symbol Name LilyPond syntax ABC syntax Notes
 
 Trill b\trill
 
 Upper mordent
or Pralltriller		 b\prall
 
 Lower mordent b\mordent
 
 Turn b\turn
 
 Reverse turn b\reverseturn
 
 Grace note \grace b8 b4
 
 Appoggiatura \appoggiatura b8 b4
 
 Acciaccatura \acciaccatura b8 b4

NB: The following variations on the mordent also exist: prallmordent, upprall, downprall, upmordent, downmordent, lineprall, prallprall, pralldown and prallup.

Repetition

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Bar lines

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Symbol Name LilyPond syntax ABC syntax Notes
 
 Standard bar
Standard bar-line		 \bar "|" | Standard divider between bars (or measures) of music of set length
 
 \bar "."
 
 Double bar
Double bar-line		 \bar "||" || Separates two sections of music
 
 \bar ".|"
 
 Bold double bar
Bold double-line
Heavy double		 \bar ".."
 
 \bar "|.|"
 
 End \bar "|." |] Indicates the end of a piece of music
 
 Dotted bar
Dotted bar-line		 \bar ";" :
 
 Dashed bar
Dashed bar-line		 \bar "!"
 
 Begin repeat \bar ".|:" |: Indicates the beginning of a section to be repeated
 
 \bar ":..:"
 
 Begin and end repeat \bar ":|.|:" :: Indicates the end of one repeated section and the beginning of another
 
 \bar ":|.:"
 
 Repeat bar-line
Repeat sign		 \bar ":|." :| Indicates the end of a section to be repeated
 
 \bar ":.|.:"
 
 \bar "[|:"
 
 \bar ":|]"
 
 \bar ":|][|:"
 
 \bar "'" !shortphrase!
 
 In-line segno \bar "S" Alternative repeat sign

Other

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Symbol Name LilyPond syntax ABC syntax Notes
 
 Text b4 b^Foo b b B "^ Foo" B B B

See also

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