2. When the noun expresses the idea of duality, co-operation or communion, the termination pura is used instead of cuna: ñahui, eye; ñahui pura, the two eyes. 3. A collective idea is expressed by the terminations purantin or ntin: aukcapurantin, the soldiers all collected together; huasintin, they of the same household. 4. Many words form their plural by a repetition of the word; and chiefly those which express a large number: runaruna, men; hachahacha, forests. 5. When the substantive is preceded by a numeral or indefinite adjective, it remains invariable: quimsa runa, five men; achirca pirkca, many walls; huaquin pirkca, a few walls. Note. — Some nouns can use both cuna and pura, but with a difference of meaning. Thus ñahuicuna means the eyes of many persons; ñahuipura, the eyes of one person. Declension. — All substantives are liable to certain changes to express the different positions they can take in a phrase; these changes constitute the cases, which are severally formed by the addition of prepositional suffixes. Based on these changes, we can say that there are six cases which are: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, vocative and ablative. The nominative case has no termination, and denotes the subject of the phrase. It can receive however the addition of the possessive particles. The genitive is formed by adding p to those which end in a vowel, and pa to those which end in a consonant. The dative takes the prepositional particle pac. The acusative is formed by adding cta, to most nouns ending in a vowel, and ta to those ending in a consonant. The vocative requires the interjection ya placed after it. The ablative is formed with any of the other prepositions.
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2. Quand le substantif donne une idée de dualité, de coopération ou de communion, on emploie pura, au lieu decuna: ñahui, œil : ñahui pura, les deux yeux.
5. Quand le substantif est précédé d'un chiffre, d'un adjectif de quantité ou indéfini, il reste invariable : quimsa runa, cinq hommes ; achirca pirkca, beaucoup de murs ; huaquin pirkca, quelques murs.
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Page:Gybbon Spilsbury El Quichua gramática y crestomatia, 1892, Tomo I.djvu/24
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