Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus/St. Gall Glosses on Priscian

by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, eds.

[ 49 ] Priscian. a. Codex Sangallensis. No. 904. P. 1a Cum omnis eloquentiae doctrinam et omne studiorum genus sapi­entiae luce prae­fulgens a Graecorum fontibus diriuatum Latinos proprio sermone inuenio cele­brasse et in omnibus illorum uestigia libra­libus1 con­secutos artibus uideo, nee in his solum quae emendate ab illis sunt prolata, sed etiam quosdam errores eorum amore Graecorum doctoruni deceptos imitari2, in quibus maxime Graeca uetus­tissima gram­matica ars arguitur peccasse, cuius auctores, quanto sunt iuniores, tanto3 perspi­caciores, et ingeniis floruisse et dili­gentia ualuisse omnium iudicio con­firmantur eruditis­simorum—quid enim Herodiani artibus certius, quid Appol­lonii scropu­losis defici­libus­que quaes­tionibus enucle­atius possit inueniri4?post illos5…conatus sum pro uiribus6 rem arduam quidem…
[ 49 ] P. 1a 1: .i. libardaib2: attá diṡeirc[1] la laitnori innangrec[2] co seichetar cid a­comroircniu[3] ·3: inméitso4: issí tra indiassa ro(s)echestar som5: indead innanísin6: is huasneurt dom ara­doidṅgi	[ 49 ] P. 1a 1. i.e. librariis[4].2. the Latins have such love for the Greeks that they follow even their errors.4. it is this couple[5], then, that he has followed.6. ’tis above my strength for its diffi­culty.
the second i over the line MS. innagrec MS. acomroicniu ‘libralibus’ should of course be liberalibus i.e. Apollonius and Herodianus
[ 49 ] P. 1b …si eos imitor1, qui… …quamuis ad Herodiani scriptorum pelagus et ad eius patris2 Appol­lonii spatiosa uolumina meorum compen­diosa sunt existi­manda scripta librorum.
[ 49 ]1: .i. ci insamlar2: aite	[ 49 ] P. 1b 2. tutor[1].
i.e. Apollonius
[ 49 ] P. 2a Huius tamen operis te hortatorem sortitus iudicem quoque facio, Iuliane consul et patricie, cui summus digni­tatis1 gradus summa ad­quisiuit[1] in omni studio2 ingenii claritudo3 non tantum accipiens[2] ab excelsis gradibus honorum pretii, quantum illis decoris addens tui, cuius mentem tam Homeri credo quam Virgilii animo constare, quorum uterque4 arcem pos­sederat musicae, te tertium5 ex utroque [ 50 ]copos­situm esse con­firmans quippe non minus Graecorum quam Latinorum in omni doctrinae genere praefulgentem. Tibi ergo hoc opus quasi ad Deum6 deuoueo, omnis eloquen­tiae praesul, ut quan tamcumque mihi Deus annuerit suscepti laboris gloriam7, te comite quasi quodam sole delu­cidius crescat. Titulos etiam uniuersi operis per singulos8 supposui libros… …quae (sc. litterae) et in quas transeunt per declinationes uel composi­tiones9 partium orationis. …de accidentibus10 singulis syllabis…
[ 49 ] P. 2a 1: inna­flaith­emnachtæ2: hicach ceniul fis ⁊ ecni3: .i. int­airdircus[3]4: .i. indias sin5: .i. trisfer friu [ 50 ]6: amal bid do dia7: .i. cid bec cid mar indinducbál ó dia tarhési denmo ind libuir bith má de do buith daitsiu hi coim­thecht oco·⏑8: athitol re cach libur ar naroib cummasc foir9: .i. ut accentus ·d· hí ·c·10: donaib hí thec­moṅgat	[ 49 ] P. 2a 1. of the princedom.2. in every kind of knowledge and wisdom.3. the conspic­uous­ness.4. i.e. that pair.5. i.e. the third man (joined) to them [ 50 ]6. as if it were to God.7. i.e. whether the glory from God for making the book be small or be great, it will be the greater from thy being asso­ciated in it.8. before every book its title that there be no confusion upon it.9. i.e. as accentus [= ad-cantus] d into c.10. of the things that happen.
MS. adͨq̅ssiuit MS. ɫ ac   / excipiens MS. inḍtairdircus
[ 50 ] P. 2b …de denominatiuis1 et uerbalibus… …de figuris et earum compage2; …de constructione3 sine ordinatione partium orationis inter se.
[ 50 ] P. 2b 1: .i. dinaib déainmmnichdechaib2: acobás ṁbís etar ṅ[1] dirainn hi comṡuidiguth3: dligeth nimmo­gnama rann	[ 50 ] P. 2b 2. the connexion which exists between the two parts in composition.3. law of con­struction of parts.
the n is unusual; cf. Sg. 45b 19, far ṅóeṅ deilb 90b 2, fornóin ṅ deilb Sg. 201b 6
[ 50 ] P. 3a Philosophi diffiniunt, uocem esse aerem tenuissimum ictum uel sonum sensi­bilem aurium1, id est, quod proprie auribus accidit ut est prior diffi­nitio á sub­stantia2 sumpta… Articulata est, quae coortata[1]3 hoc est copulata cum aliquo sensu mentis eius, qui loquitur, profertur. Inarti­culata est contraria uox quae4 a nullo affectu5 mentis profi­ciscitur6. Quaedam, quae non possunt scribi intelliguntur tamen, ut sibili7 hominum… aliae autem sunt, quae, quamuis scri­bantur tamen inarti­culatae sunt, cum nihil signi­ficant8, ut ‘coax,’ ‘cra,’ eas enim uoces quanquam intelli­gimus de quo9 sint uolucre profectae tamen [ 51 ]inarti­culatae dicuntur… Scire autem debemus quod has quattuor species uocum profi­ciunt quatuor supe­riores diffi­rentiae gene­raliter uoci acci­dentes10, binae per singulas inuicem coeuntes11.
[ 50 ] P. 3a 1: .i. citabiat chlúasa2: .i. afolad dianimmolṅgaithær uox3: .i. ex aere et ore in unam uocem .i. doimm­thastar fri slond ṅint­liuchta bís his­in­menmain[2]·⏑4: .i. ni­astaider ⁊ ni­timmorcar frislond ṅintliucta[3]5: .i. hua duthracht6: .i. ní æscomlai7: .i. iscosmart dorétaib ind fet ·8: .i. nephthimmorti[4] fri slond n int­liuchta9: .i. cide [ 51 ]10: .i. hit cenélcha sidi doguth11: [in marg.] .i. cach gnúis fil and ata dechor imme­folṅgat tri­a­nemnad ut diximus ·	[ 50 ] P. 3a 1. i.e. which ears perceive.2. i.e. the substance from which vox is produced.3. i.e. it is combined to express the meaning which is in the mind.4. i.e. it is not fastened down and it is not checked to express a meaning.5. i.e. from volition.6. i.e. it proceeds not.7. i.e. the whistling is a signal by things.8. i.e. not con­strained to express a meaning.9. i.e. from which. [ 51 ]10. i.e. these are general to voice.11. i.e. every aspect (species) which is therein there is a differ­ence which they produce by doubling them, ut diximus.
leg. coartata MS. memain the second n is over the line the second h is over the t
[ 51 ] P. 3b Lyttera est pars minima uocis compossitae, hoc est quae constat com­positione literarum, minima autem, quantum ad totam adpre hensionem uocis litte­ratae1—ad hanc enim etiam productae uocales2 breuis­simae partes in­ueniuntur—uel quod omnium breuis­simum eorum3, quae diuidi possunt, id quod diuidi non potest. Dicitur autem litera…4 a lituris5… Literas autem etiam ylemen­torum uocabulo6 noncupauerunt ad similitudinem mundi ylemen­torum7: sicut etiam coeuntia8 omne9 perfi­ciunt corpus, sic etiam haec coniuncta literalem uocem quasi corpus aliquod10 componunt uel magis uere corpus est. Nam sí aer corpus est11, et uox, quae ex aere icto constat, corpus esse osten­ditur, quippe cum et tangit12 aurem et tri­partito diuiditur, quod est suum corporis, hoc est in altitu­dinem, latitu­dinem13, longui­tudinem, unde ex omni quoque parte14 potest audiri. Praeterea tamen singulae syllabae15 altitu­dinem quidem habent in tenore, crassi­tudinem uero uel latitu­dinem in spiritu16, longui­tudinem in tempore. [ 52 ]Litera est igitur nota ylementi17 et uelut imago quaedam uocis literatae, quae cogno­scitur ex qualitate18 uel quan­titate19 figurae linearum20. Hoc ergo interest inter ylementa21 uel literas22, quod elementa proprie dicuntur ipsae pronunti­ationes23, notae autem earum literae. Abussiue24 tamen et elementa pro literis et literae pro elementis uocantur. Cum enim dicimus non posse25 constare26 in eadem syllaba r ante p, non de literis27 dicimus, sed de pronun­tiatione earum28, 29: nam quantum30 ad scrip­turam possunt coniungui, non tamen etiam pronun­tiari, nisi post­possita r31.
[ 51 ] P. 3b 1: .i. hicoindeulc[1] ingotho comtherchomraicthi olitrib2: .i. deithbir limm nalitrae olchænae3: innaní4: .i. ua­lenomnaib5: Consentius .i. timmorta li· quia correptum lego ⁊ si a lino correptum ⁊ is epenthesis dobeir ·t· nand doimmolung fuit apud poetas reliqua6: .i. ɔepertar doib ylementa7: innandule8: cach di dúil reliqua9: innuile[2]10: .i. corp suin11: ⁊ iscorp12: cani deithbir si dicatur corpus proprium est corporis tangere et tangi et diuidi reliqua13: indasian .i. imbucai[3] ꝉ lethit14: .i. dind trediu remeperthu15: cenmitha fodailter[4] indrann insce16: .i. indasian ꝉ psilites[5] [ 52 ]17: .i. not inchoisc .i. pronuntiationis .i. in chumachtai ⁊ indfogair18: .i. ind tóraind .i. cruindæ ꝉ dirge ꝉ uocalis ꝉ consonans19: .i. oméit di­flescaib bís hisin tórunt .i. mad óenflesc is ·i· mad[6] diḟlisc is ·n· reliqua20: .i. inna­ngláos­nathe[7] ꝉ innafuath .i. ishé ingloṡnáthe caractar innaliter21: .i. cumachtai[8]22: carachtra23: .i. derbaisṅdísin · derbḟogir24: .i. ind húadairberthach bith[9]25: .i. archuit aisṅdisen ⁊ foguir26: .i. hitosug ṡuin27: ní di­chárach­traib28: .i. is archuit foguir ní ruba nand ní archuit scríbind29: [marg.] stirps uinse[10] ·r· ante ·p· and sudet qui legat ·⏑30: .i. meit as ṅdo scríbund31: .i. an as niarmuídigthe[11] ·r· ut pro reliqua	[ 51 ] P. 3b 1. i.e. in comparison with the word composed of letters.2. i.e. lawful, I deem (for) the other letters (to be brevis­simae partes).5. i.e. the li (in littera) is short because lĕgo is short, et si etc., and it is an epen­thesis that inserts a t in it, to make length in the poets, etc.6. i.e. so that they are called elementa.8. every two elements (two by two), etc.9. all (in the accu­sative sg.).10. i.e. the body of the word.11. and it is a body.12. is it not lawful si, etc.13. into roughness (δασεῖαν), i.e. into softness or breadth.14. i.e. of the three things aforesaid.15. besides that the part of speech is divided.16. i.e. in roughness or ψιλότης. [ 52 ]17. i.e. a note of signification, i.e. of pronunciation, i.e. of the power continued and of the sound.18. i.e. of the figure, i.e. roundness or straight­ness.19. i.e. from the quantity of strokes in the figure, i.e. if it be one stroke it is an i, if two strokes it is an n, etc.20. i.e. of the lines or of the forms, i.e. the character of the letters is the figure[12].21. i.e. powers.22. char­acters.23. i.e. certain precise pronun­ciations, certain precise sounds.25. i.e. as regards pronun­ciation and sound.26. i.e. in the beginning of a word.28. i.e. it is as regards sound that it cannot be, not as regards writing.29. stirps: here is r before p therein.30. i.e. as far as writing.31. i.e. when r is postponed, as (in) pro, etc.
The MS. has hicoindeilc, with u written above the last i the masc. article is used as Ir. corp is masc. cf. fri buga, B. Ball. 324a36 cf. cenmitha aranecatar Sg. 65a 11 or psilin, Thurneysen Here by a kind of sandhi, mat has become mad before the d of dí. So in Wb. 1c10, ad drogduine from at drogduine, and conatarad Dair, LL. 77a6, from conatarat Dair MS. innaglaosnaithe rectius cumachtae coined to express ab-usiue uinse (inse Ascoli) = uinnsi .i. atá, O’Cl. huinse Conall Cernach sund LL. 252c31, unse a ben lasin ríg, ondat a bai issin tír ar far ṁbelaib ‘here is his wife with the king, here are his cows in the country before you,’ LL. 252a14, undseo LL. 100a3, undsea 101a1, 2, unnse, unnsi, ondar B.Ball. 320b18 leg. niarsuidigthe? cf. quae est figura litterarum? caractera quibus scribuntur etc., Clemens Scotus (Suppl. Gramm. Lat. xxxiii.).
[ 52 ] P. 4a Sunt igitur figurae1 literarum quibus nos2 utimur uiginti tres, ipsae uero pronunti­ationes3 earum multo ampliores, quippe cum singulae uocales denos4, 5 in­ueniantur sonos habentes uel plures, … … hámus6… [ 53 ]Praeterea7 tamen i et u uocales, quando mediae sunt, altemos8 inter se sonos uidentnr confun­dere9​.….​10positum11…. Nomen, uelut a, b. Et sunt indeclinabilia tam apud Graecos[1] ylemen­torum nomina quam apud Latinos, siue quod a barbaris inuenta dicuntur, quod esse ostendit12 Varro in ii de anti­quitate literarum docens lingua Chal­daeorum singu­larum nomina literarum ad earum formas13 esse facta, et ex hoc certum fieri, eos[2] esse primos
[ 52 ] P. 4a 1: .i. inna tóranda2: laitnorib3: .i. fogair4: .i. deichthi5: cóic deich cóica6: .i. ǽcath [ 53 ]7: .i. issed a plus remeperthae8: .i. fogur cechtar de aralaliu ⁊ fogur naliter naile[3] airriusom .i. ear ·í· ut hominem·9: Papirinus I litera in locum u· literae posita sicut optimum et maximum dicimus quae antiqui optumum et maxumum dicebant · ⏑ arba bes lasuidib ·u· tarhesi ṅí · ut pessumus pro pessimus · ut pris­cianus in ante · ⏑10: [marg. l.] archiunn11: .i. anas suidigthe12: ní fail intestimin so hisind libur romanach13: .i. do­chru­thugud inna liter foib	[ 52 ] P. 4a 2. (we) Latins[4].5. five tens, fifty. [ 53 ]7. i.e. this is the plus aforesaid.8. i.e. the sound of each of the two for the other, and the sound of the other letters for them, i.e. e for i, as (in) hominem.9. for it was a custom of theirs (to put) u instead of i, as in pessumus, etc.10. further on.11. i.e. when it is placed.12. this text is not in the Roman book.13. i.e. to form the letters according to them.
MS. tam apud Graecos comes after nomina MS. eorum n over a Cf. ar preceptorib Wb. 19a3, etc. Pedersen Celt. Zeitschr. ii. 379
[ 53 ] P. 4b auctores literarum, siue quod simplicia1 haec et stabilia2 esse debent quasi funda­mentum3 omnis doctrinae immobile, siue quod nec aliter apud Latinos poterant esse, cum a suis uocibus uocales nomi­nentur, semi­uocales uero in se disinant, mutae a se incipi­entes uocali termi­nentur, quas si flectas, signi­ficatio4 quoque nominum una5 euanescit6. Vocales igitur per sé prolatae7, ut dictum est, nomen suum ostendunt,​….…​absque x, quae sola ab i incipit per anos­trophen8 Graeci nominis ξῖ​.…​quae nouissime a Latinis assumpta post omnes ponitur9 literas, quibus Latinae dictiones egent10​….​in [ 54 ]commento11… semi­uocales sunt septem12 .… h autem aspira­tionis est magis nota13. Ex his uocales dicuntur, quae per se uoces efficiunt et sine quibus uox literalis proferri non potest14 unde et nomen hoc praecipue sibi defendunt15.
[ 53 ] P. 4b 1: .i. airbit comṡuidichthi oaḟograib liter naile ma­du­ellatar .i. conroib comṡuidigud liter no sillab indib fri slond geniten reliqua2: .i. cen diall3: ar[1] nicóir infotha utmall4: .i. indinne bís indib riam .i. inne ainmmnichthe issí ám inne ainmmnichthe guthaichthe a turcbál treo fesin níbad ṡamlaidson didiu ma duelltis · reliqua5: .i. ladiall6: .i. tinaid ⁊ atbail .i. facheirt in alios sonos ·7: ocrélad ananmmae8: .i. treimpúth csí9: .i. ordd airic fil fuiri10: aid­ligni­gitir[2] dano uadisi [ 54 ]11: .i. hisintráctad12: ithé se innabriathra13: .i. is airi nistabur la ·k ⁊ q14: .i. rann insce níturgabar ade didiu ⁊ ni ro­graigther[3] cen guttai15: .i. adsuidet	[ 53 ] P. 4b 1. i.e. for they will be compound­ed of the sounds of other letters if they be declined, that is, so that there may be in them the compo­sition of letters or syllables to signify a genitive, etc.2. i.e. without declen­sion.3. for an unstable foun­dation is incon­gruous.4. i.e. the meaning that is in them before, i.e. the meaning of denom­ination. This, indeed, is the meaning of the denom­ination of vowels, their produc­tion by them­selves: it would not be thus, then, if they were declined, etc.5. i.e. with declen­sion.6. i.e. it vanishes and perishes, i.e. it puts itself into other sounds.7. manifest­ing their name.8. i.e. by ana­strophe of ξῖ.9. i.e. the order of invention is (still) on it.10. they indeed need it. [ 54 ]12. these are the words (of Servius).13. i.e. therefore I do not place it with k and q.14. i.e. a part of speech; this then is not produced, nor can it be pro­nounced without vowels.15. i.e. they keep.
here ar is expressed by the Latin siglum for quia. So also in Sg. 4b3, 5a4, 17a5, 19a1, 21b13, 32a9, 38a2, 55b5, 71b5, 148a9, 159a3, 161b11, 164b1, 165b3, 174a1, 179a5, 179a6, 188a27, 188b1, 189b1, 191a5, 202a2, 207b2, 211a14, 212b16. In Sg. 7b14 the siglum is the usual abbre­viation for quam, but which, according to Thurn­eysen is in Sg. used for quia MS. aidlignitir: corr. Ascoli rograigther = ro-ḟograigther; leg. ní fograigther or ní rofograigther? as the elision here would be excep­tional, cf. Trans. Phil. Soc. 1895–6, p. 106 J.S.
[ 54 ] P. 5a Hae ergo quantum uincuntur1 a uocalibus, tantum superant mutas. …in semiuocales, quae secundam habent euphoniam2, disinunt, quam nos sonori­tatem3 possumus dicere…‘Semi­uocales’ autem sunt appel­latae4, quia plenam uocem non habent, ut ‘semideos’ et ‘semiuiros’ appel­lamus, non qui demediam {uel dimidiam} partem habent deorum uel uirorum, sed qui pleni dii uel uiri non sunt5. Reliquae sunt mutae … Et sunt qui non bene hoc nomen putant eas accipere … Qui nesciunt6, quod ad compara­tionem bene sonantium ita sint nominatae, uelut ‘informis’7 dicitur mulier non quae caret forma, sed quae est male formata, et sic ‘frigidum’ dicimus eum, qui non penitus expers est caloris8 sed qui minimo hoc utitur {uel cocitur}. Vocales apud Latinos sunt omnes ancipites9 uel liquidae10, hoc est quae facile modo produci modo corripi possunt, sicut etiam apud antiquis­simos Graecorum erant ante inuen­tionem η et ω11, quibus [ 55 ]inuentis ε et ο[1], quae ante ancipites erant12 reman­serunt13 perpetuo breues14, cum earum produc­tarum loca15 posesa sunt a supra dictis
[ 54 ] P. 5a 1. semiuocales .i. noch is méit fornúais­lichter són2: .i. inbindius tánaise indegaid ṅguttae ·3: .i. bindius4: .i. Ni arindí bed leth ṅgotho nobed indib sem ar is huilliu · sed quia plenam uocem non habent sicut uocales · ⏑[2]5: .i. tre­thesbaid naich baill dind deilb ·6: .i. hit hé dod­mainetar insin indí qui reliqua7: .i. michruth­aigthe8: .i. intesa9: .i. eter fot ⁊ gair10: ꝉ liquidae .i. hit lechdacha lesom in tan nád­techtat acht oin aimsir · is follus asin tra nand ainmm ⁊ nand cumachte legas do­lech­dagaib acht is aimmserad namma · ⏑11: .i. renairec éta ⁊ ω [ 55 ]12: .i. coitchena riam eter fot ⁊ gair13: doruarthatar14: .i. bith­gairddi són .i. e ⁊ o15: .i. indluic himbítis airdixi · e ⁊ o	[ 54 ] P. 5a 1. that is, as far as they are surpassed.2. i.e. the euphony (which comes) next after (that of the) vowels.4. i.e. not that there is (only) half of a voice in them, for it is more.5. i.e. through the want of some member to the image[3].6. i.e. it is they who think that, those who, etc.8. i.e. of the heat.9. i.e. both length and shortness.10. i.e. he deems them liquids when they have only one time. Hence then it is clear that it is not the name and it is not the power which produces liquidity to liquids, but it is tempo­rality only.11. i.e. before the invention of η and ω. [ 55 ]12. i.e. common before, both length and shortness.14. i.e. always short.15. i.e. the places wherein used to be the longs e and o.
MS. e et o cf. B. Ball. 318b 39 sq. the gloss refers to pleni dii
[ 55 ] P. 5b uocalibus semper longuis1. …auctoritate tam2 Graecorum quam2a Latinorum …[in marg.]3 Inuenitur tamen etiam m ante n possitum, nec producens ante se uocalem more mutarum4. Apud antiquissimos Graecorum non plus quam sedecim erant literae, quibus ab illis acceptis Latini antiqui­tatem serua­uerunt perpetuam5. ϝ est Aeolicum digamma6, 7, quod8 apud antiquissimos Latinorum uerius eandem uim quam apud Aeolis habuit. Eum autem prope sonum9, quem nunc habet, signi­ficabat ṗ cum aspira­tione, sicut etiam apud ueteres Graecos pro φ π et ͱ10… Postea uero11 in Latinis uerbis placuit loco p et h f scribi, ut ‘fama,’ ‘filius,’ ‘facio,’ loco autem
[ 55 ] P. 5b 1: .i. bith ḟotai sidi2: emith2a: emith3: archiunn4: cinith mút5: .i. suthain dano la laitnori anisin6: .i. quasi dixisset nírbuliter ade ɔnaue7: ꝉ carachtar digaim quod non bonum neutur híc digamma8: ol[1]9: emith infogur nísin10: dasis11: .i. la­nue­litridi	[ 55 ] P. 5b 1. i.e. always long these.3. below (lit. ahead).4. although it is not a mute.5. i.e. that then is perpetual with the Latins. 6. i.e. as if he had said it was not a letter till lately.7. or the character digamma, quod, etc.; digamma is here neuter.9. such as that sound.10. δασύς.11. i.e. with recent writers.
cf. Vol. i. p. 716
[ 55 ] P. 6a digammae u pro consonante1, quod cognatione soni2 uidebatur affinis esse digammae ea litera3. Quare cum f loco mutae ponatur, id est p et h siue φ, miror4 hanc inter semi­uocales possuise artium scrip­tores. …sed hoc potes­tatem literae motare non debuit5; si enim esset semi­uocalis, neces­sario termi­nalis nominum in­ueniretur6 quod minime reperies7, nec ante l uel r in eadem syllaba poni posset, qui locus mutarum est8 duntaxat, nec communem ante easdem [ 56 ]posita faceret syllabam. Postremo Graeci, quibus in omnia doctrinae aucto­ribus utimur, φ, cuius locum f apud nos optinet, quod osten­ditur in his maxime dictio­nibus, quas a Graecis sumpsimus9, hoc est, ‘fama,’ ‘fuga,’ ‘fur’ mutam esse con­firmant. Sciendum est tamen quod hic quoque error10 a quibusdam antiquis Graecorum gramma­ticis inuassit Latinos11, qui φ et θ et χ semi­uocalis putabant, nulla alia causa, nisi quod spiritus12 eis abundet, inducti13. Quod si esset14 .. …spiritus15 enim potes­tatem literae non motat, unde nec uocales addita aspi­ratione aliae16 fiunt et aliae16a ea dempta[1]. Hoc tamen scire debemus, quod non fixis labris17 est pronun­tianda f, quomodo ph18, atque hoc solum interest19. K enim et q…cum c20…eandem…potestatem continent.
[ 55 ] P. 6a 1: .i. intan ṁbís ar­chonsain2: foguir3: comocus afogur díblínaib4: ad­machdur­sa[2] .i. is machdad limm5: ni cum­scaichthi cumachtae nairi cedoinscana sí ó guthaigthi6: for­ceinnfitis anmmann inte7: acht a ainmm[3] féssin[4]8: buith re­lechda­chaib [ 56 ]9: [in marg.] níbbu machdath hetis grecdi ⁊ nothath[5] foraib linni ⁊ dano it latindi amal ṡodain ut dixit prius · in latinis uerbis placuit · f usque facio ··10: áram[6] f la lethguthaigthi11: .i. tre intṡamail inna sengrec com­roircnech12: tinphed13: ánamtar[7] tuid­chissi[8] sidi ónach ḟochun ailiu14: anísin15: atinphed16: saini16a: saini17: timmthastaib ꝉ cumcaib18: tri beulu dlútai19: .i. inter · f ⁊ alias mutas .i. fogur tantum noda deligedar frimuta ⁊ is mútsi ara­chuitsidi[9]20. la ·c·	[ 55 ] P. 6a 1. i.e. when it is for a consonant.3. the sound of them both is akin.4. I marvel, i.e. I wonder.5. the power (of the letter) is not to be changed from it, although it begins with a vowel.6. nouns would be ended in it.7. save its own name.8. being before liquids. [ 56 ]9. it were no wonder that they were Greek and….; and yet they are Latin in that case, ut dixit, etc.10. to count f with the semi­vowels.11. i.e. through imitation of the erroneous ancient Greeks.13. when they were not led from any other cause.17. com­pressed or close.18. through com­pressed lips.19. i.e. the sound only distin­guishes it from mutes, and it is a mute so far as that goes.
MS. fiunt alia dempta, corrected to fiunt et alia ea dempta admachdursa is coined as a literal rendering of admiror, the idiomatic Irish for which is is machdad limm MS. aimm féisin, Windisch KZ. 35, 355; the meaning is obscure The mark of length is over the r MS. ańamtar with the mark of length over the n MS. duidchi; of. Ml. 72d1 cf. Sg. 184b1, 195b4, Wb. 11c17, 12a26
[ 56 ] P. 6b ‘Kartago’ enim et ‘caput,’ siue per c, siue per k scri­bantur, nullam faciunt nec1 in sono nec1a in potestate in metro eiusdem conso­nantis diffe­rentiam2. Q uero propter nihil aliud scribenda uidetur esse3, nisi ut ostendat, sequentem u ante alteram uocalem in eadem syllaba4 possitam perdere uim literae in metro. Quod si ideo5 alia litera6 existi­manda quam c7 debet g quoque, cum similiter8 pro­ponitur u amittenti u uim literae9, alia10 putari, et alia10a, 11 cum id non [ 57 ]faci12. Dicimus enim ‘anguis13’ sicut ‘quis’ et ‘augur14’ sicut iȧcur[1]15. Vnde si uelimus cum ueritate contemplari16, ut diximus, non plus quam xviii literas in Latino sermone habemus… Nam y et z17, causa Graecorum…asciuimus18 nominum, h autem aspira­tionis nota et nihil aliud habet literae nisi figuram et quod in uersu19 scribitur inter alias literas. Quod si suffi­ceret20, ut ylementum putaretur, nihilo­minus quorundam etiam numerorum figurae21…elementa sunt habenda22. Sed minime hoc est ad­hibendum23, nec aliud aliquid24 ex acciden­tibus propri­etatem ostendit25 unius­cuius­que elementi, quomodo potestas, qua26 caret aspiratio…. Vocalis non est [h], quia a sé uocem non facit27, nec semi­uocalis, cum nulla syllaba Latina uel Graeca in perfecta {in marg. ꝉ per integras} dictione in eam dissinat28…
[ 56 ] P. 6b 1: emith ifogur1a: emith2: ind óenfoguir ní fail dechor comḟogair indib3: ni roscríbad ar naill[2] nisi4: la ·q· ⁊ la­sin­gutai dodai­ar­morat5: .i. ar­thaidb­sin nihelsa far ·u·6: liter ṡain7: oldaas ·c· sain · fri ·c·8: fri ·q·9: dond ·u·10: sain10a: sain11: [in marg.] .i. bad liter sain ·g ⁊ bíth charactar naill di amal sodain .i. intan ·m· bís nihelas do ·u· fri ·g· [ 57 ]12: nihelas frie13: nathir14: mathmarc15: caebb · oo ·16: lín liter laitinde17: .i. ar ní biat in­anmanaib laitindib ⁊ ní erchui­retar lín liter laitinde iarum18: do­ro­chuir­semmar19: do immḟolung ḟuit20: anísin ascribend inter alias21: nanota áram22: bith[3] techtai23: nítedparthi inso arnibat litre nota aram ciascríbtair hifers24: alaill ṡain25: ní fail nach naiccidit taibsed sainred litre amal donadbat chumachtae26: is ósuidiu27: nírela aainm amal guthaigthi[4] ⁊ ní diuschi fogur amal ɔsana28: Ní foirc­nithær nach rann óg indi · si enim in­ueniamus · uah · etc.	[ 56 ] P. 6b 1. as much in sound1a. as.2. of the one sound: there is no differ­ence of conso­nance in them.3. it was not written for anything else unless, etc.4. with q and with the vowel that follows it.5. i.e. for shewing the (metrical) nullity of u.6. a different letter.7. than c: different to c.8. as q.9. to the u.11. i.e. in that case let g be a different letter and have another character, to wit, when there is nullity in u beside g. [ 57 ]12. nullity beside it.16. the number of the Latin letters.17. i.e. for they are not in Latin nouns (words), and so they do not increase[5] (?) the number of Latin letters.19. to cause length.20. that, (namely) that it is written among the others.21. the figures of numerals.23. this is not to be applied, for the figures of numerals will not be letters, although they are written in the verse.24. another thing peculiar.25. there is no accident which can display the peculiarity of a letter as the power displays (it).26. it is it (that it lacks)[6].27. it does not manifest its name, like vowels, and it does not awaken sound, like consonants.28. no complete part (of speech) ends in it.
the true reading is cur, so that the puncta delentia would naturally refer to the first two letters of iacur: the corrupt iacur seems to be explained by the obscure gloss: with caebb cf. coep chro ⁊ fola LL. 172a 12, Zeitschr. f. deutsch. Alt. xx. 227 leg. ar na aill leg. bit in full Sg. 18a 6, 53{a 1. But it is possible, as Thurneysen suggests, that guth. may be an abbrevi­ation of guttai, guth. being written etymo­logical­ly cf. arcuiredar saegul Celt. Zeitschr. iii. 448 cf. the use of ó after aidlignigur, e.g. Sg. 4b 10
[ 57 ] P. 7a Nulla eam syllaba plus duabus1 mutis iuxta se2 possitis3, nec plus tribus conso­nantibus conti­nuare potest4. Videntur tamen i et u, cum in consonantes transeunt quantum [ 58 ]ad potes­tatem5, quod maximum est in elementis, aliae literae esse5 praeter supra dictas……quia diuersum sonum6…habent.…quamuis7 et Censorino…idem placuit8. Tantum9 enim fere interest inter uocales et consonantes, quantum inter animas et corpora. Vocales similiter ut per se mouentur ad perfi­ciendam syllabam et conso­nantes mouent secum10, conso­nantes uero sine uocalibus inmobiles[1] sunt11. Et i quidem modo12 pro simplici, modo pro duplici accipitur conso­nante: pro simplici, quando ab eo[2] incipit syllaba in principio dictionis posita[3] sub­sequente uocali in eadem sillaba13…pro duplici quando in medio dictionis ab eo incipit syllaba14 post uocalem ante­possitam15 sub­sequente quoque
[ 57 ] P. 7a 1: níbia dimútaib bes huilliu in oen sillaib2: occi3: inóen ṡosuth ṡillabe4: trebrigedar cechconsain indegaid araile cengutai ṅetarru · [ 58 ]5: saini archuit cumachti6: infogur7: adas8: atasaini litre archuit cumachti9: inméitse10: to­ddiusgat guth nintiu11: nís­tuarascbat feisin cengutai12: cach­la­cein13: la ·í·14: tosach sillabe15: remisi	[ 57 ] P. 7a 1. there will not be more (than two) mutes in one syllable.2. beside it.3. in one position of a syllable.4. to continue each consonant (directly) after another without a vowel between them. [ 58 ]5. diverse as regards power.6. the sound.8. that they are different letters[4] as regards power.10. they awaken voice into them.11. they do not express them­selves without vowels.12. with i.14. beginning of a syllable.15. before it.
MS. īnmobiles MS. om. ab eo MS. posito cf. above p. 39, note c, Sg. 28b2
[ 58 ] P. 7b uocali in eadem syllaba1, ut ‘maius,’ ‘peius,’ ‘eius2,’ in quo loco antiqui solebant geminare eandem i literam et ‘maiius,’ ‘peiius,’ ‘eiius’ scribere, quod non aliter3 pro­nuntiari posset quam4 si cum superiori5 syllaba prior i, cum sequente6 altera pro­feretur, ut ‘pei-ius,’ ‘ei-ius,’ ‘mai-ius’; nam quamuis7 sit consonans, in eadem syllaba geminata iungi non posset; ergo non alitor quam ‘tellus,’ ‘mannus’ proferri8 debuit. …nam tribus i iunctis qualis possit syllaba pro­nuntiari? quod9 Caesari…placitum10 a Victore[1] quoque in arte gram­matica in syllabis11 com­probatur. Pro simplici quoque in media dictione inuenitur, sed in com­possitis, ut ‘iniuria12,’….Virgilius in bucolico proceleus­maticum[2]13 posuit pro dactylo: [ 59 ] Tytyre pascentes a flumine reiice14 capellas: …‘hiulcus15’ trisyllabum est. V vero loco consonantis possita eandem prorsus in omnibus16 uim habuit apud Latinos, quam apud Eoles digamma. Unde a plerisque ei nomen hoc datur, quod apud Eoles habuit olim ϝ17 digamma, id est ‘uau’ ab ipsius uoce18 profectum19… Pro quo Caesar hanc Ⅎ figurani scribi uoluit20.
[ 58 ] P. 7b 1: .i. inóensillaib disi ingute[3] innadegaid2: comtis ainmmnidi atriur3: nírubai nach cruth ailiu4: oldaas5: dá intairmmthechtas forsindí toisech ḟrisingutai remi6: .i. lasin ṅgutai innadegaid7: adas8: do­fur­gabtais9: .i. andliged nísin nephac­comoil inna teora liter inoen sillab10: ro­toltanai­gestar11: sáer oc­suidigtid sillab12: ar­chonsain diuit insin13: traig cethar­garait [ 59 ]14: proclematicum sin ⁊ is­ar­chonsin diuit atá í and cotarsne sin fri hono⏑ ar[4] is airdíxa re· lasuide ·15: huabéla ·cicero dicit ·hiulcus· patens·⏑ etc.16: .i. potes­tatibus ꝉ uirtu­tibus rothecht digaimm17: .i. carachtar ṅdigaim18: óndḟogur inméth innadigaim doratath anomen sin don chumachtu·⏑19: anasrochumlai anainmsin do ·u· .i. uau ·20: do inchosc uau apud latinos	[ 58 ]1. i.e. in the same syllable is it and the vowel after it.2. the three of them would be nomina­tives.3. it cannot be[5] otherwise.5. two passages on the first i, towards the vowel before it.6. i.e. along with the vowel after it.8. to be pro­nounced[6].9. i.e. that law of not joining the three letters in one syllable.10. it has pleased.11. an artist in putting syllables.12. that (is) for a simple consonant.13. a foot of four short syllables. [ 59 ]14. that (rĕĭĭcĕ) is a procel­eusmatic, and the i therein is for a simple consonant: that is contrary to…, for the re (in rēice) is long in his opinion.15. open.16. which digamma had.17. i.e. the character of digamma.18. from the …[7] sound of the digamma: that name (vau) has been given to the power.19. when that name, i.e. vau, has gone out to u.20. to denote vau.
a Victore: MS. auctori, to which the Irish gloss refers MS. proclimaticum corrected to proceleu­maticum leg. ⁊ ingute, cf. Vol. i. p. 234 note cf. p. 53 note d Cf. 209a3 infra, rubi 21b13, rombi 29b16 Here the Irish subj. pl. 3 trans­lates the infin­itive proferri ‘intrinseco’ Ascoli; we have no other instance of the word
[ 59 ] P. 8a quod1 quamuis illi recte uisum est, tamen consuetudo antiqua superauit. Adeo2 autem hoc uerum est, quod pro Aeolico ϝ digamma ponitur u: quod sicut illi solebant accipere digamma modo3 pro conso­nante simplici teste Astyage, qui diuersis hoc4 ostendit usibus.… Est tamen quando idem Eoles inueniuntur5 pro duplici quoque conso­nante digamma possuisse.. Nos quoque uidemur hoc6 sequi in praeterito et plusquam­perfecto tertiae et quartae con­iugationis, in quibus i ante u con­sonantem possita pro­ducitur eademque snbtracta cor­ripitur. Nostri quoque hoc ipsum fecisse inueniuntur et pro consonante u7 uocalem breuem accepisse, ut Horatius ‘siluae’ tri­syllabum protulit in epodo hoc uersu: Niuesque deducunt Iouem8, nunc mare9, nunc siluae10: est enim dimetrum iambicum con­iunctum pente­mimeri[1]11 heroico… Similiter Catullus Vero­nensis12. Quod zonam soluit diu ligatam [ 60 ]inter endica­syllabos Phalegios13 posuit.… Hoc tamen ipsum14 in
[ 59 ] P. 8a 1: anisin2: inmár3: cachlacéin4: abuith archonsin diuit5: intan ara­necatar6: abuith ar­chonsain diabuil7: tairhesi ·u ɔsone8: daṅdichdet snechti ioiuis9: daṅdiat muir incéiṅ naili·10: penthe­mimeris hérecdae[2] 11: sillab fordeib dactilib[3] són reliqua12: uero­nenstæ [ 60 ]13: forsa cenélae metir sin14: .i. buith do ·u· ɔsoin ar guti	[ 59 ] P. 8a 1. that.4. its being for a simple consonant.5. when they are found.6. its being for a double consonant.7. in place of the consonant u (v).8. the snows of Jove bring him down.9. the sea at another time brings him down.10. an heroic penthe­mimeris.11 . this is a syllable in addition to two dactyls, etc. [ 60 ]13. in that kind of metre.14. that u-consonant should be for a vowel.
MS. pentemereͥ MS. herécdae For the omission of n after deib cf. isin dib desmrechtaib so Ml. 114d 1
[ 60 ] P. 8b deriuatiuis uel compossitis frequenter fieri solet, ut.…‘auis, auceps1’ …‘lauo lautus2, ‘faueo fautor3.’ Et epigrammata4, quae egomet legi in trepode5 uetustissimo Appol­linis qui stat in Xerolopho6 Bizantii … Nos quoque hiatus causa interponimus u loco ϝ ut ‘Dauus7,’ ‘Argiuus8,’ ‘pauo9,’ ‘ouum10’.…Hoc tamen etiam per alias quasdam conso­nantes hiatus uel euphoniae causa solet fieri11, ut ‘prodest’… In b etiam solet apud Eoles transire ϝ digamma quotiens ab ρ12 incipit dictio… Apud nos quoque est inuenire, quod pro u conso­nante
[ 60 ] P. 8b 1: comṡuidigthe són2: diaruidigthe[1] són3: fortachtid4: inna forliterdi5: nomen artis isin trechostu6: hisindluc sin indṡainriuth ꝉ forsan nomen ciuitatis7: dáne[2]8: grecdae9: gésachtach10: og11: arimm­gabáil ménaichthe12: ρ hró	[ 60 ] P. 8b 1. this (is) compounded.2. this (is) derived.5. in the tripod.6. in that place especial­ly, or etc.8. a Greek.11. for avoiding hiatus.
leg. diruidigthe as Ascoli observes, the gloss points to a lemma danus, not dauus, in marg. danus seruus simonis priscianus in ante .i. in libro [de] constructione
[ 60 ] P. 9a b ponitur, ut ‘caelebs1,’ caelestium uitam ducens2, per b scribitur, quod3 u consonans ante conso­nantem poni non potest. Sed etiam4 ‘Bruges’ et ‘Belena[1]’ anti­quissimi dicebant, teste Quinti­liano, qui hoc ostendit in primo institu­tionum[2]5 orato­riarum6: nec mirum, cum b quoque in u euphoniae causa conuerti inuenimus, ut ‘aufero7’ pro ‘abfero.’ Aspiratio ante omnes8 uocales poni potest… Ideo extrin­secus ascri­bitur uocalibus9, ut minimum sonet, conso­nantibus autem intrin­secus10, ut plurimum sonet : omnis enim litera sine uox plus sonat ipsa sese, cum[3] post­ponitur quam cum ante­ponitur, quod uocalibus accedens esse uidetur11, nec, si tollatur ea, perit etiam uis signifi­cationis, ut si dicam ‘Erennius12’ absque aspira­tione, quamuis [ 61 ]uitium13 uidear facere, intel­lectus tamen permanet14. Conso­nantibus autem sic cohaeret, lit huiusdem[4] penitus sub­stantiae sit15, ut si auferatur, signifi­cationis uim minuat prorsus16, ut si dicam ‘Cremes’ pro ‘Chremes.’ Unde hac consi­derata ratione17 Graecorum doctis­simi singulas18 fecerunt eas quoque literas19, quippe20 pro τͱ θ, pro πͱ φ, pro κͱ χ scri­bentes. Nos autem antiquam scrip­turam seruamus21. In Latinis tamen22 dicti­onibus[5] nos quoque pro ph coepimus f scribere…nisi quod…est aliqua in pronun­tiatione23 huius literae
[ 60 ] P. 9a 1: óentaim2: celae · dondí as caelestem ·b· tarhesi ·u· dindi as uitam ·s· dindí as ducens3: ol4: cid5: inna­forcetal6: inna­sulbaire7: arcelim8: isairi is reṅguthaigthi suidigthir atinfed dosemigud ⁊ mesrugud indḟoguir máir his isingutti9: remib són10: hitiarmóracht són do­lethnugud afoguir11: accidit tecmaiṅg dogutaib anísin12: dofoirṅde inson ⁊ afolad inchoisig [ 61 ]13: tredígbáil tinfeth14: incoissig afolad cétnae15: conid­hinunn folad dóib16: ní inchoisig inson afolad cétne—.i. in­choisged riam[6]—iarṅdígbail intinfith17: dlúthe intinfith donaib ɔsonaib18: oéndai oenlitre dodénom díb hiscríbunt19: cárachtra na conson ⁊ intinfeth20: indemin21: híscríbiunt dá­carachtar beos .i. carachtar ɔsine ⁊ carachtar tinfith amal dondgnítis sengreic · ʼ22: ciaforcomamni riagoil sengrec hiscríbunt inda caractar isnaib ɔsonaib ucut[7] ro­ċruthaig­semmar[8] camaiph immurgu oen cháractar ·f· tarhesi ·p· cotinfeth inepertaib latinṅdaib[9] · ⏑23: hifogur	[ 60 ] P. 9a 2. celae from caelestem, b instead of v from vitam, s from ducens.6. of the eloquence.8. for this reason its aspi­ration is placed before a vowel, to attenuate and moderate the ample sound which is in the vowel.9. that is, before them.10. that is, in sub­sequence, to broaden their sound.11. that is an accident which happens to vowels.12. it deter­mines the sound and the substance which it signifies. [ 61 ]13. through taking away the aspiration.14. it signifies the same substance[10].15. so that they have the same substance.16. the sound does not signify the same substance—i.e. which it signified previous­ly—after taking away the aspi­ration.17. the closeness of the aspi­ration to the conso­nants.18. single, that single letters should be made of them in writing.19. the charac­ters of the conso­nants and the aspi­ration.20. certainly.21. in still writing two charac­ters, i.e. the character of a consonant and the character of aspi­ration, as the ancient Greeks used to do.22. though we preserve the rule of the ancient Greeks in writing the two charac­ters in yon conso­nants, we have, however, formed one character—f instead of p with aspi­ration—in Latin words.
MS. blena MS. add. libro MS. sonat cum ipsa secum leg. eiusdem MS. add. uel nothis this part of the gloss is over the other cf. Sg. 202b 3 the aspiration is irregular i.e. latindaib for the technical folud ‘sub­stantia,’ ‘signi­ficatio’ cf. Sg. 3a 2, 9a 12, 15, 16, 9b 4, 5, 25b10, 17, 26b 9, 12, 27a 3, 6, 8, 16, 27b 9, 28a 1, 2, 28b 5, 19, 20, 22, 30a 5, 17, 39b 8, 45b 1, 7, 61a 4, 71a 1, 72b 5, 73a 15, 73b 3, 4, 7, 75b 6, 150b 2, 189b 6, 189b 10, 197a 1, 200b 4, 5, 211a 9, 211b 3, 5, 7, 212b 8; cf. secundum sensum, hoc est secundum substan­tiam quali­tatis, Ars Anonyma Bernensis, Suppl. Gramm. Lat. p. 64
[ 61 ] P. 9b differentia cum sono1 ph. ρͱ autem ideo non est translatum ab illis in aliam figuram2 quod3 nec sic cohaeret huic quomodo mutis nec, si tollatur, minuit signifi­cationem4. Quamuis enim subtracta aspira­tione dicam ‘retor,’ ‘Phirrus’ intel­lectus intiger manet5, non aliter6 quam7 si ante­cedens uocalibus8 auferatur, unde osten­ditur ex hoc quoque aliqua esse cognatio r literae cum uocalibus. Ex quo9 quidam dubita­uerunt utrum praeponi debeat huic aspiratio an subiungui. Unde Aeoles loco, ut diximus, aspira­tionis digamma[1] ponentes in dictio­nibus ab ρ [ 62 ]incipi­entibus, solent loco digamma β scribere, indi­cantes10 debere praeponi digamma quasi uocali: sed rursus quasi conso­nanti11 digamma in eadem syllaba prae­ponere recu­santes, com­motabant id in β .…. sed apud Graecos haec litera, id est ρ, multis modis fungitur loco uocalis…ut ωρα12, ωρας13…. Quaeritur, cur in ‘uah,’ ‘nah14,’ ‘ah’ post uocales ponitur aspiratio, et dicimus, quod apogope15 facta est extremae uocalis cui praepo­nebatur aspiratio; nam perfecta ‘uaha,’ ‘naha,’ ‘aha.’ Ideo autem absci­sione extremae uocalis16 tamen aspiratio mansit ex superiore pendens uocali17, quia suum18 est inter­iectionis uoce abs­condita19 proferri. Itaque pars abs­conditae extre­mitatis20 uidetur congruae in inter­iectionis naturali pro­latione reman­sisse … etiam in fine21 ….
[ 61 ] P. 9b 1: hifogur2: ɔṅdenta[2] óentorand tarahesi[3] amal naheliu3: ol 4: sluindid afolad cétnæ5: issed afolad cétnae sluin­ditae6: níntṡain[4]7: oldaas8: ar9: huadligud in­choibnis [ 62 ]10: isairi nobíth digaimm leo ante ρ· sin[5]11: amal bith do­chonsain amal asṅdi12: crích13: agenitiu · arguttai tra atá ·ρ· sin[5]14: inter­iectio inso15: ablatio in fine16: .i. a .i. dirogbad · a · díib17: lenaid dingutai thóisig18: .i. proprium .i. is­sainreth do inter­iecht guth for­múigthe cotrummai thinfid19: for­múchthai20: indḟormúichdetad21: fodeud	[ 61 ] P. 9b 2. so that one figure should be made instead of this, like the others.4. it expresses the same substance.5. it is the same substance which they express.8. from.9. from the principle of the affinity. [ 62 ]10. this is why they used to have digamma before ρ here.11. as it were to a consonant, (or) as to it.12. a boundary.13. its genitive: ρ then stands for a vowel here. 14. this is an inter­jection. 16. that is a, i.e. a has been taken from them. 17. it adheres to the preceding vowel. 18. i.e. a peculi­arity of an inter­jection is a smothered sound with heaviness of aspi­ration. 20. of the smother­ing.
MS. digammae ṅ is over the line MS. tarhesi ṡ is over the line cf. Sg. 191a 2: here sin seems equivalent to isin Vol. i. p. 724; but in Sg. 9b 10, sin might go with is airi: cf. Ml. 37c 20
[ 62 ] P. 10 a interiectionum autem pleraeque communes sunt naturaliter omnium gentium uoces1. Inter c sine aspiratione et c cum aspiratione est g2 … inter p et ph3 sine f est b4 … Hoc5 autem ostendit etiam ipsius palati pulsus et linguae uel labrorum con­similis est quidem6 in ternís7, in p et ph uel f et b et rursus in c et ch et g, similiter inter t et th et d. Sed in leuibus8 exterior fit pulsus, in asperis interior, in mediis inter utrumque supra dictorum locum, quod facile de­noscitur, si ad­tendamus in supra dictis motibus ora mirabili naturae lege [ 63 ]modolantibus9 uoces. Tanta autem est cognatio earum quod inuicem inueni­untur pro se possitae10 in quibusdam dictio­nibus, ut ambo pro αμφο11…. …immotabiles12 sunt apud nos tres, l, n, r: per omnes enim casus eadem remanent13 … … t quoque et c… hoc idem seruant14….
[ 62 ] P. 10 a 1: ataat alaaili interiecta and itcoitchena docach ceniul2: medónda etarru fogur ·g·3: medóndæ etarru4: is cummmae limm etir · ph · ⁊ f ·5: ata medóndai6: is cosmail afogur .i. cosmai­lius foguir beos7: .i. isnaib tredib8: ·c· t· p· isairi asbertar étrumma ⁊ slemna huare nád techtad[1] tinfeth [ 63 ]9: donaib hí bindi­geddar10: cachae tarhéisi araili11: .i. is cummae leissem bid ·f12: .i. itnephchumscaichti[2] nateora litreso13: nalitre cétni14: a­neph­chums­cugud · amal · l · ⁊ n ⁊ r	[ 62 ] P. 10 a 1. there are some interjections common to every nation.2. inter­mediate between them (is the) sound g.3. inter­mediate between them.4. ’tis the same to me, both ph and f.5. that they are inter­mediate.6. their sound is alike, i.e. (there is) still a resem­blance of sound.8. c, t and p, therefore they are called ‘light’ (lĕves) and ‘smooth’ (lēves), because they have no aspi­ration. [ 63 ]9. to those that modulate.10. each of them instead of the other.11. i.e. it is the same in his opinion as though it were f.12. these three letters are immutable.13. the same letters.14. their immuta­bility, like l and n and r.
leg. techtat leg. nephchumscaichthi
[ 63 ] P. 10b Reliquae uero consonantes uel motantur uel abiciuntur1…. In uerborum quoque praeteritis perfectis solent omnes modo2 motari modo manere, exceptis l p s x. …lippio3 lippiui…
[ 63 ] P. 10b 1: allán indarpe hirecc[1]2: cachlacéin3: fliuch­aigim	[ 63 ] P. 10b 1. their complete banishment directly.
cf. hirec infra 148b8, 153a3, hirrec Pr. Cr. 60b2 = in + rec .i. ní doníthear go hobann ‘a thing which is done suddenly,’ O’Cl.
[ 63 ] P. 11a Haec eadem uocalis peneultima in uerbis secundae coniugationis mutatur in u, ut ‘doceo docui’… Quod1 similiter est quando in tertia uel quarta con­iugatione patitur i, ut ‘rapio rapui,’ ‘aperio aperui.’ U et o manent in principalibus syllabis positae immotabiles2, temporum quoque in quibusdam sunt ut ‘ruo rui’…. …nunquam in supra dicto tempore potest geminari nec in principio nee in fine syllaba nisi quae a muta incipit, ut…‘pedo3 pepedi’ …‘prodo prodidi4’…
[ 63 ] P. 11a 1: anísin cumscugud ·e· in ·u· is cosmail són dano ⁊ intan fondaim ·i· acumscugud in ·u· hi­sechma­dachtu tert­choibedna ⁊ quartae cobedna2: forcomaiḋder ·u· ⁊ ·o· in praesenti ⁊ in prae­terito3: braigim4: in fíne són infechtsa	[ 63 ] P. 11a 1. this, the change of e to u, alike is this also and when i suffers its change into u in the preterite of the third and fourth conju­gations.2. u and o are preserved in the present and preterite.4. in fine this (gemi­nation), this time.
[ 63 ] P. 11b M… loco mutae in multis fungitur: nam et ante n. m. posita communem syllabam facit, ut ‘Ramnes Ramnetis,’ sicut ‘Chremes Chremetis1,’—iambica enim sunt quae sic decli­nantur, quod2 Calli­machi quoque aucto­ritate con­firmatur…. Aliae uero sunt affines3 per commutationem…aliae autem per [ 64 ]coniunctionem uel per cognationem4, ut b p f, nec non g c cum aspiratione uel sine ea, x. quoque duplex5, similiter d et t cum aspiratione uel sine ea et cum his z duplex, unde saepe d scribentes Latini hanc exprimunt sono6, ut ‘meridies’.… Quin etiam s semplex habet aliquam cum supra dictis cognationem, unde saepe pro z eam, geminatam solemus ponere ut ‘patrisso7’ pro πατρίζω,
[ 63 ] P. 11b 1: analach amal legas r fri ·c· hisuidiu2: .i. ius · dliged lechtha ·n· post ·m3: coib­nestai [ 64 ]4: treaccomol cosmilse foguir ⁊ issed són desimrechtaigedarsom namma innadeud[1]5: affinis iscoibnesta ·x· do ·g· ⁊ ·c· ⁊ biid cachae ar[2] alailiu6: fogur ·z· for ·d·7: athrigimm	[ 63 ] P. 11b 1. an analogous instance; as r becomes liquid with c here.2. the law of the liqui­dation of n after m. [ 64 ] P. 11b 4. through conjoining a similarity of sound, and it is this which he exemplifies only after.5. x is akin to g and c, and each of them is for the other.6. the sound of z in d.
innadead, Ascoli and Windisch; doubtful, Thurneysen om. MS.
[ 64 ] P. 12a ‘putisso1’ pro ‘πυτίζω’…. In uocalibus quoque sunt affines2 e correpta uel producta cum ei diptongo, qua ueteres Latini utebantar ubique loco i longuae: nunc etiam contra pro ea i longam ponimus uel e productam, ut… χορεία chorea[1], e[2] paenultima modo producta modo correpta3; o breuis siue longa cum u, ut bos4 pro βοῦς[3]…et ‘platanus5’ pro πλάτανος.
[ 64 ] P. 12a 1: dofuibnimm2: coibnestai3: ꝉ .i. intan dofuarat ind ·e· timmorte indeoguir iarfoxul ·i· as· ut in ante dicit4: quia y u graecum est aris ·u· gaibes engracus5: proprium feda	[ 64 ] P. 12a 1. I cut.3. when the short e remains of the diphthong after removing the i from it, ut etc.4. because it is u that takes (its) place[4].5. the proper name of a tree.
MS. seorea om. MS. MS. βυϲ cf. Sg. 61a5
[ 64 ] P. 12b I transit in a,…paulus pauli paulatim1; in e, ‘fortis2 forte’…in o, ‘patris patronus3’…tibia tibicen4…par paris5 parricida6, 7…quibusdam tamen uidetur a parente esse compositum et pro parenticida per sincopam[1]8 et per commotationem t in r factum ‘parricida,’
[ 64 ] P. 12b 1: in biucc2: .i. genitiuus nominis quod est fors .i. inbéstaid3: sruith athir4: erochair chétlaid5: cosmail6: cosmailoircnid inter[2] athir oircnid ꝉ tuistid oircnid7: cosmail leiss cacha[3] orr im car a fá æscare · reliqua ·8: en sillabe	[ 64 ] P. 12b 3. a venerable father.4. a flute-player.6. a like-slayer (pari-cida), whether a father-slayer (patri-cida), or a parent-slayer (parenti-cida).7. alike to him whichever he may slay, whether friend or foe.8. of the syllable en.
MS. sinagocopam in abbreviation leg. cachae, Ascoli
[ 64 ] P. 13a …soror sororis sororicida1… O aliquot Italiae ciuitates2 teste Plinio non habebant…Transit o…in e, ut tutor3 tutela…. Tunc hoc4 ignipotens caelo discendit ab alto. Nec Tityon[1] uolucres ineunt Acherunta iacentem5.
[ 64 ] P. 13a 1: sethar oircnid2: ilchathraig3: inill4: hille5: fossad	[ 64 ] P. 13a 1. a sister-slayer.2. many cities.3. safe.4. hither (huc).
MS. y /tizon
[ 64 ] P. 13b Transit u…in e,…‘sacrum sacellum1’… Ponitur haec eadem [ 65 ]litera in Graecis nominibus modo loco ου[1] diph­thongi…modo pro ο correpta…pro eadem producta, ut ‘fur2’ pro ‘φώρ,’ sicut e contrario ‘byc’ pro ‘bos3’ {uel pro boyc, bos4}…
[ 64 ] P. 13b 1: nemed [ 65 ]2: bruthach ꝉ uerius ignis reliqua icidorus dicit⏑3: o· pro u· hi suidiu4: .i. ⁊ ni­taith­minedar deogras hic· uide principium secundi libri de uerbo ·	[ 64 ] [ 65 ] P. 13b 2. furious, vel etc.3. o for (Greek) υ here.4. i.e. and he does not mention the diphthon­gation here.
MS. y [in marg.] uel oy
[ 65 ] P. 14a Est quando amittit uim tam uocalis quam conso­nantis.… quoque ante­cedente et sequente a uel e hoc idem saepe fit1 ut ‘suadeo’.. quod2, 3 apud Eoles quoque υ saepe patitur et amitit uim literae in metro.… Similiter ‘πήλυι4’ disyl­labum inuenitur apud eosdem, cum υι[1] non est diph­thongus. Est quando transit5 in conso­nantem uau6, sicut econtra7 a conso­nante transit in uocalem…. L triplicem…sonum habet: exilem8, quando geminatur secundo loco posita9; plenum…ut…‘flauus10’; medium in aliis… Transit in x, ut ‘paulum11 pauxillum12,’ ‘mala13 maxilla14,’ ‘uelum15 uexillum.’ M…apertum16 in principio, ut ‘magnus’…transit in n…ut…‘idem
[ 65 ] P. 14a 1: nihil dano hisuidiu2: , 3: dliged nihelsa dano4: nihil hic dano5: .i. addita ·i· cenideper sem6: .i. hifogur digammsa ar is ·uau· a ainmmsidi·⏑7: .i. fri tairm­thecht hiɔsain8: séim tana9: .i. dond ·l· aili ind ·l· inna dédensillabe10: buide11: bec12: becán13: gruad14: glain­ethat15: séol16: réil ær­soilcthe beoil ocafogur isind lucsin	[ 65 ] P. 14a 1. nothing then here.2, 3. rule of nullity then.4. nothing here also.5. i.e. i being added (nauta nav-i-ta etc.), though he (Priscian) does not say it.6. i.e. into the sound of digamma, for its name is vau.7. i.e. (contrary) to the passage into a consonant.8. slender, thin.9. i.e. to the other I, the I of the last syllable.16. manifest in the opening of the mouth[2] at the sound of it (i.e. m) in that position.
MS. y for the genitive cf. Wb. 4c 18, 31b 23
[ 65 ] P. 14b identidem1’…‘num nuncubi2’…‘anceps3’ pro ‘amceps.’ ‘am’ enim praepo­sitio…uocali…sequente inter­cipit4 b: ‘ambitus’… N quoque in primis plenior sonat et in ultimis partibus sylla­barum, ‘nomen’ ‘stamen5,’ exilior6 in mediis, ut ‘amnis’…. Sequente g uel c, pro ea g scribunt Graeci et quidam tamen uetus­tissimi auctores Romanorum…ut ‘aggens7’…quinta uicesima est litera, quam uocant agma8, cuius forma nulla est et uox9 communis est Graecis et Latinis, ut his uerbis…‘iggerunt10.’ In huius­cemodi
[ 65 ] P. 14b 1: .i. idem ⁊ idem fonóenchummi2: num ⁊ ubi .i. indosa3: immchenda4: .i. m· etergaib ·b· cucae5: dlúth6: semiu7: tachtad8: carectar9: .i. fogur literae10: insnadat	[ 65 ] P. 14b 1. i.e. ‘idem et idem,’ in one way.2. ‘num et ubi,’ i.e. now.4. i.e. m inter­poses b to it.8. a letter.9. i.e. sound of the letter.10. they insert (ingerunt).
[ 65 ] P. 15a Graeci et Accius noster bina g scribunt, alii n g, quod1 in hoc2 ueritatem uidere facile non est. Transit in m, sequen­tibus b uel m [ 66 ]uel p,…ut…‘immineo3’… propter celeriorem motum linguae labrorumque ad uicinos facilius transeuntium pulsus4. …‘findo5 fissus.’
[ 65 ] P. 15a 1: .i. ol2: .i. imbat da ·g· bete and ba ·g· ⁊ n· [ 66 ]3: .i. taortaim .i. in· ⁊ mineo ꝉ mina   4: .i. soirthiu de inlabrad diatairmthecht isinlitir comḟograigthi dodaiarmórat   5: indlung	[ 65 ] P. 15a 2. i.e. whether there are to be two g’s there, or g and n. [ 66 ]4. i.e. the easier is the pronunciation from its (the letter m’s) passage into the consonantal letter which follows it.
[ 66 ] P. 15b R…transit…in u consonantem: ‘tero1 triui’…in n: ‘aeneus2’ pro ‘aereus.’ S in metro apud uetustissimos frequenter uim suara amittit3. ‘Ne’ autem coniunctione sequente4 cum apostropho5 penitus tollitur ut ‘uiden6,’ ‘satin7,’ ‘uin,’ pro ‘uidesne,’ ‘satisne,’ ‘uisne.’ Nec non etiam in Graecis nominibus as uel es terminantibus plerunque tollitur…ut…‘sophista8’…in quibus etiam e producta in a correptam conuertitur9. …mutatur s…in x…‘pistrix10’ pro ‘pistris,’ in quo sequimur Doris: illi enim ‘ὄρνιξ[1]’ {uel lapis uictorię[2]11} pro ‘ὄρνις[3]’ dicunt… …huic praeponitur p et loco ψ12 Graeca fungitur…
[ 66 ] P. 15b 1: .i. e in i productam ⁊ r· do thormuch lege uerbum post ⁊ ibi inuenies   2: .i. humide   3: [marg. l.] uide post casus aut· ouium foetus—.i. glanad[4] ·u· ⁊ s·—aut urentis culta capellas reliqua[5]   4: .i. andocoisgedar ne comaccomol ·s·   5: .i. ne fodaim apostroiph   6: .i. uidesne .i. innaci   7: .i. in lour   8: .i. fisid   9: .i. iarfoxul ·s· diib   10: belua marina .i. bled   11: buaid lię   12: .i. p con ·s·	[ 66 ] P. 15b 1. i.e. e is changed into i long, and r is added. Lege Verbum etc.   3. i.e. elision of u and s (aut ouium foet’ aut…).   4. i.e. when the conjunction ne follows s.   5. i.e. ne suffers apostrophe.   7. i.e. is it enough?   9. i.e. after removing s from them.   11. a victory-stone.   12. i.e. p with s.
MS. orniξ in marg. in the same hand as buaid lię, different from the usual hand. ὄρνιξ is mistaken for fornix, cf. Sg. 69a 19, 113a 2 MS. ornis .i. glanad…s is between the lines: cf. Sg. 136a1, but glantar as 136a: 2 Verg. Georg. ii. 196, cf. Prisc. I. 192
[ 66 ] P. 16a …quamuis1 non sine ratione2 haec quoque2a duplex a Graecis addita uidetur, nam multo molliorem3 et uolubiliorem4 sonum habet ψ quam ps5 uel bs…‘caelebs6’…‘Arabs7.’ Et x quidem assumpsimus, ψ autem non8; sed quantum expeditior9 est ψ quam10 ps… …‘apex11’… …‘suppellex12 supellectilis’… …‘exoleo13’… ‘exspes’ in quo uidemur facere contra consuetudinem Graecorum14. …ponamus15.
[ 66 ] P. 16a 1: adas   2: .i. doclaind[1] quod noluit ꝉ aliis quod fecerunt   2a: cid   3: .i. moithiu   4: .i. asoirbiu[2]   5: .i. oldaas ·πς·   6: oíntam   7: .i. arabda[3]   8: .i. nisnarróetmarni sidi   9: .i. soirthiu sonu   10: oldaas   11: huasletu   12: .i. intreb suppellectilis nominatiuus uetustus   13: ni forbiur[4]   14: .i. iure feidligthe disi inógi ⁊ ·s· innatiarmoracht   15: coa	[ 66 ] P. 16a 2. i.e. for (the Latin) race quod etc.   8. i.e. we have not accepted this.   9. i.e. readier in sound.   13. I increase not.   14. i.e. by the principle of its remaining in (its) integrity with an s following it. 15. so that[5].
recte dochlaind = as soirbiu MS. de   /arabda, de in another hand cf. forbartaig gl. exoletam Sg. 173a5 coa seems to be for co, indicating the construction of ponamus, which is a scribal error for ponimus
[ 67 ] P. 16b …geminari autem uidetur post con­sonantem, si[1] x antècedente, quae loco c et s funguitur, ipsa1 con­sequatur2 ut ‘exseqaiae’… B transit…in m: ‘summitto,’ ‘globus glomus3’… Nam ‘suscipio’ ‘sustuli4’ a ‘susum’ uel ‘sursum’ aduerbio composita sunt, undo ‘subtinnio5’[2] et ‘subcumbo’ non mota­uerunt b in s. ‘Suspicor’ quoque et ‘suspicio’ a ‘susum’ uel ‘sursum’ com­ponuntur, sed abiiciunt unam s6, quia non potest duplicari consonans alia sub­sequente con­sonante, quomodo nee ante­cedente, nissi sit muta ante liquidam, ut ‘supplex’…quomodo et apud Graecos ‘συγγνώμη7’…. C transit in u consonantem…‘ascisco8 asciui’…in g antecedente n:…‘ango9’ quoque pro ‘ancho.’
[ 67 ] P. 16b 1: ·s· aile   2: ma­do­coisgedar   3: sed tertiae declinationis ⁊ neutrum .i. comther­chomrac   4: do­briathra[3] ata­chom­suidigthi frisnahí siu   5: isfollus nach ·b· in ·s· in praedictis ar ni loc tairm­thechtae di in ·s· sequente ·c· ꝉ t· unde subtinnio reliqua non transit in his similiter   6: .i. indaṅ[4] ·s· .i. s· aduerbii ꝉ uerbi   7: .i. emnad mutæ[5] re lechdaig híc   8: docuiriur   9: cumcigim	[ 67 ] P. 16b 1. another s.   2. if it follows.   4. adverbs which are compound­ed with these (words).   5. it is obvious that b (does) not (change) into s in the aforesaid (examples), for it is not an occasion for it to pass into s when c or t follows, unde etc.   6, i.e. one of the two s’s, i.e. s of the adverb or of the verb.   7. i.e. doubling of a mute before a liquid here.
om. MS. MS. subtinnẹͥo expressed by the contraction dobre˘, cf. Sg. 220a 5, 6, 9 leg. indalaṅ? cf. Sg. 205b 5, but daṅ may be gen. dual neut., cf. Sg. 9a 21, 22 MS. mute with a mark under the e which may come from ę or æ, Thurneysen.
[ 67 ] P. 17a D transit…in t:…‘attamino1.’ F multis modis muta magis ostenditur, cum pro p et aspiratione ponitur, quae similiter2 muta accipitur…quanquam3 antiqui Romanorum Eoles sequentes loco aspira­tionis eam3a ponebant, effugi­entes quoque ipsi aspira­tionem4, et maxime cum con­sonante recusa­bant eam in Latino sermone proferre. ‘Sifilum’ pro ‘sibilum5,’ teste Nonio Marcello de doctorum indagine6, dicebant. G transit…in ct: ‘agor7 actus’…
[ 67 ] P. 17a 1: aslenaim[1]   2: fri ·f   3: is mút si am quanquam .i. cinud· ꝉ is mút quanquam ·adas·   3a: digam ꝉ dasian   4: atac   5: ar robbu digaim ind ·f· híc conducad ·b· innáloc   6: .i. dindeclim   7: cotom­erchloither	[ 67 ] P. 17a 2. to f.   3. it is a mute indeed quamquam ‘although.’ Or it is a mute quamquam ‘even though[2]’ (?).   3a. digamma or rough breathing.   4. of the Attics.   5. for the f here was digamma and b was put in its place.
MS. ad aslen⏑ where the ‘ad’ is a Latin gloss on the at- of attamino cf. Sg. 7a 7, 7b 7, 40a 21, 88a 1, 102b 5, 190a 4
[ 67 ] P. 17b H litteram non esse osten­dimus sed notam aspira­tionis quam Graecorum antiquis­simi .. in uersu scribe­bant1: nunc eam di­uiserunt et dexteram eius partem2 supra literam ponentes3 psiles notam [ 68 ]habent, quam Remmius Palaemon exilem4…nominat, sinistram5 autem contrarie6 aspira­tionis, quam Grillius flatilem7 uocat. De q.…quae nisi eandem[1] uim haberet quam c, nunquam8…in illam transiret… Apud antiques frequen­tissime quu loco cu sillabae ponebatur, et e contrario9, ut ‘arquus’… T transit in s … c uero antecedente10 in x.. Y et z in Graecis tantummodo ponuntur dictionibus, quamuis in multis ueteres haec11 quoque motasse in­ueniantur et pro υ u, pro ζ uero … s uel ss uel d posuisse ut … ‘Saguntum[2],’ ‘massa’12 pro ‘Ζάκυνθος[3]’ ‘μᾶζα,’ ‘odor’13 quoque ἀπὸ τοῦ[4] ὄζειν… Ergo ‘corylus’ et ‘lympha’ ex ipsa scriptura14 a[5] Graecis sumpta[6] non est dubium.
[ 67 ] P. 17b 1: eter litre ni huas­litrib   2: alleth olaim deiss ┤   3: huas litir suidig­thir leo [ 68 ]4: séim   5: .i. partem graeci habent .i. ͱ dasien   6. .i. dopsilen   7: tinfesti   8: manibbad hinunn liter   9: .i. cid in­chotar­snu aris ·c· tarhesi ·q· thuas reliqua   10. .i. remitét[7] ·c· in ·t·   11: .i. asuidigud inepertib grecdib   12: da ·s· tarhési z   13: ainm ṅetha   14: ….υ indib[8]	[ 67 ] P. 17b 1. among the letters, not over the letters.   2. the right half (lit. the half from the right hand).   3. it is placed with them above the letter. [ 68 ]5. the rough breathing.   6. i.e. to the smooth breathing.   8. if it were not the same letter.   9. i.e. yet contrary-wise, for it is c instead of q above etc.   10. i.e. (when) c precedes the t.   11. i.e. their position in Greek words.   12. two s’s in place of z.   13. name of a grain[9].   14. (because) u (occurs) in them.
MS. eundem MS. sacuntum MS. Ζακινθος MS. τοι om. MS. MS. sumpa misread by Ascoli remitéc ‘vor ·ẏ· scheint mir noch ein n oder r zu erkennen; von der zwei oder drei buch­staben die vorher­giengen, ist so gut wie nichts sicher zu sehen.’ Thurney­sen the glossator mistook odor for ador, Ascoli
[ 68 ] P. 18a Ordo quoque accidit literis, qui…quia con­iunctus esse uidetur1 cum potestate elemen­torum, non absordum puto ei nunc illum ordinem sub­iungere. Sunt igitur uocales praepositiuae aliis uocalibus subsequentibus in eisdem[1] syllabis a e o, sub­iunctiuae e u2, ut oe ae eu au. Diphthongi autem dicuntur, quod3 binos ptongos4, hoc est uoces, com­prehen­dunt. Nam singulae uocales5 suas uoces habent… In Graecis uero, quottiens huius­ce­modi fiat apud nos diæresis[2] [ 69 ]peneultimae syllabae, i pro duplici consonante accipitur6, ut ‘Μαῖα7 Maia[3].’…
[ 68 ] P. 18a 1: ·i· huare as accomalta dochumachtu isairi adfét de híc  2: .i. coitchenn ·e· hiter remsuidignd ⁊ foacomol   3: .i. fogor dagutæ indeogur air thechtaid[4] cachgutæ aguth nindi ⁊ it digutai bite indeogur   4: Dionysius[5] Diptongos graece dia ꝉ dios ꝉ dio duo latine ptongos sonus· diptongos ergo dualis sonus sicut dialec­ticus dualis dictio· asberat alii isdeph­tongos asmaith and .i. combad dephtoros[6] dodichsed innaleith chomsuidigthi[7] ⁊ tonos .i. sonus· dephtoros didiu binus sonus inter­pretatur   5: nagutai oíndai [ 69 ]6: Cindas on · ni anse ón uaire isin diguthaigthi airdíxi dofuasilcther deogur dorruairthetar di aimsir uocalis asberr ·i· in consonante ·i· inde duplex est · ·   7: .i. deogur ·a· ⁊ e	[ 68 ] P. 18a 1. i.e. since it is connected with the power (of the letters), therefore he dis­courses of it here.   2. i.e. e is common both in ante­position and sub­junction.   3. i.e. the sound of two vowels is in a diphthong, for each vowel has its (own) sound in it, and it is two vowels that are in a diphthong.   4. Others say that deph­tongos is right there i.e. dephtoros (δεύτερος) would enter as half of the compound and τόνος i.e. sonus. dephtorus then etc.   5. the single vowels. [ 69 ]6. How is this? Not hard is this: because the diphthong is resolved into two long vowels there have remained in consonante i two times of the vowel which is called i. Hence the consonant is double.   7. i.e. the diphthong of a and e.
MS. hisdem MS. diaresis MS. μαηα. Maias cf. Sg. 206a 3, Vol. i. p. 370 note d i.e. Dionysius Thrax i.e. δεύτερος, Ascoli leg. inna­leith­chom­suidigthe ‘into half of the compound’? cf. leithun­gae Lib. Ardm. 17a 2 J. S.
[ 69 ] P. 18b Inuenitur tamen diphthongus, in media dictione correpta tunc, quando compositae dictionis antecedentis in fine est1 sequente uocali2, ut ‘praeustus[1].’ Oe quoque idem3 patitur apud Graecos. Et sciendum est quod pro ‘ab’ praepositione au ponitur4… …si[2] abiiciatur uocalis posita post eum, id est post u[2] consonantem, au diphtongus fiat5 u redeunte in uocalem6… Transit in o productam…ut…‘cotes’7 pro ‘cautes’…
[ 69 ] P. 18b 1: .i. hi foirciunn nacetnæ rainne bis isinchomsuidigthiu   2: .i. indead indeoguir bis isinchetna sillaib   3: .i. athimmorcuin   4: postea dicit aufero aufugio dicimus ne si affero • reliqua[3]   5: co beith   6: .i. andonaithchuiredar ·u· iterum   7. lieic	[ 69 ]1. i.e. at the end of the first part which is in the compound.   2. i.e. after the diphthong which is in the first syllable.   3. i.e. its shortening (correptio).   5. so that it may be.   6. i.e. when u returns again.
MS. praeustis om. MS. This note is in the middle margin
[ 69 ] P. 19a Oe est quando per diaerisin[1] profertur in Graecis nominibus et Graecam seruant scripturam1. Aufertur ei[2], id est oe diphtongo2, altera uocalis[3] sequente e longa…necnon pro ωι3 diphthongo Graeca nos hanc, id est oe, ponimus… …ad eraitationem Boetorum4… Transit in u longam, ut ‘Phoenices[4] Punices’5…moenio6…
[ 69 ] P. 19a 1: .i. ar dofuasalcat greic oe in ·u· sic latini   2. arin deogur   3: .i. oldaas a indlach ⁊ int[5] υ amal greic[6] ⁊ a hairitiu ardib ɔsonaib   4: inna cenelsin   5: afracdæ   6: daiṅgnigim	[ 69 ]1. i.e. since the Greeks resolve oe into u so do the Latins.   2. from the diphthong.   3. i.e. than its diaeresis, and the u as Greek and its assumption for two consonants.   4. of those nations.   5. African.
MS. diarisin MS. ·i· MS. uocali MS. ΠΟΕΝΙΚΕϹ rectius ind, cf. Sg. 12a 3, 106b 4, 136a 2 grec Sg. 53a 11, 65a 4, etc., innagrece 160b 1, di greic 196b 7, teora greca 148b 12. In contraction greic is commonly expressed by g⏑ic 9a 21, 19a 1, 40a 7, 196b 7, but g⏑c 112b 1
[ 69 ] P. 19b ‘Raro’ autem diximus propter ‘Medeam,’ ‘Pluteam1’ nam quod2 Virgilius ‘Qui tela Typhoëa temnis’ e con-epta protulit, Doricum3 est.
[ 69 ] P. 19b 1: .i. ɔroscaiged ·ei ꝉ i[1] in ·e· hisuidib   2: .i. isairi nítabur   3: grecda	[ 69 ]1. i.e. ei or i was changed into e in these examples.   2. i.e. therefore I do not give (it).
MS. ɫi/·ei
[ 69 ] P. 20a ….s. enim in metro saepe uim consonantis amittit1. ... ‘puls’2… [ 70 ]‘lanx’3 … … ‘Asbustes’4 … ‘squalor’5 …… ‘blandus’6 … ‘creber’7 … … ‘pratum’8 … Ante m autem in­ueniuntur c d g t9…
[ 69 ] P. 20a 1: naich[1] imtha z   2: .i. hith [ 70 ]3: med ꝉ thesc ꝉ slice   4: .i. neph­adnachte   5: dóermamaigthetu   6: .i. prae­ponitur b· do ·l· síc ·c· reliqua   7: dián   8: sreith[2]   9: .i. ní airecar ·b· na ·c· remi ·	[ 69 ]1. not so is z (i.e. z does not, as s often does, lose the force of a consonant).   [ 70 ]3. a balance or a dish[3] or a shell.   4. i.e. unburied[4].   6. i.e. b is prefixed to l: so c etc.   9. i.e. neither b nor c is found before it.
the reason for the dependent naich here is not clear Of sreith in this sense we have no other instance. In Philarg. i srath glosses in gramine cf. teisc .i. mias O'Mulconry The glossator took Asbustes to be from as ‘ex’ and bustum, Ascoli
[ 70 ] P. 20b ‘agmen’1 .. Tres autem con­sonantes non aliter possunt iungi in principio syllabae, nisi sit prima s2 uel c uel p …. tertia 1 uel r3…ut…‘uictrix,’ ‘sceptrum4.’ Nam post pt uel ct et simul iunctas l non inuenitur…ipsa soni natura pro­hibente5. In fine uero dictionis contra inuenimus primam liquidam, sequentem mutam6, postremam s… uel c uel t ante­cedente n7…uel loco ψ Graecae bs uel ps scribere pro ratione genetiui8, ut ‘Arabs Arabis’… …tamen cog­nationem soni9 ad hoc10 pro­cliuiorem esse aiunt. …euphonia superat11…
[ 70 ] P. 20b 1: sluag   2: .i. manip ·s· bas toisech innasyllaib ·reliqua   3: .i. trislitir immurgu hitosuch syllabe biid ·i·[1] no ·r·   4: ar ·c· ⁊ ·p· són infechtso   5: .i. buith do ·l· post ct· reliqua   6: .i. frimúit ⁊ lechdaig innadiad   7: .i. n· re ·c· nó ·t·   8: .i. huare is b·s· ꝉ ps· bis in genitin   9: .i. hiter in ainmnid ⁊ ingenitin ꝉ inter · psi ⁊ ps ·   10: condib ·p·s do da intá·   11: .i. forhvaisligid[2]	[ 70 ] P. 20b 2. i.e. unless s be the first (element) in its syllable etc.   3. i.e. the third letter, therefore, in the beginning of the syllable is wont to be l or r.   4. for (combi­nations com­mencing with) c and p this now (is an example, sce‑ptrum).   5. i.e. the occur­rence of l after ct, etc.   6. i.e. (contra) to a mute and a liquid after it.   7. i.e. n before c or t.   8. i.e. because it is bs or ps which occurs in the genitive.   9. i.e. both nomi­native and genitive, or both psi (ψ) and ps.   10. so that it may be ps that renders it.
leg. ·l· The v is over the line, between h and a
[ 70 ] P. 21a Syllaba est com­prehensio literarum con­sequens sub uno accentu et uno spiritu prolata; abusiue tamen etiam singu­larum1 uocalium sonos syllabas nominamus. A singulis tamen incipiens, non plus quam2 ad sex literas procedere syllaba potest… Saepe inueniuntur pro duabus3 uocalibus iunctis…singulae uocales positae, ut ‘plostrum’4 pro ‘plaustrum…’
[ 70 ] P. 21a 1: .i. ceso com­prehensio literarum asberr camaiph reliqua   2: oldaas   3: .i. hiluc deoguir   4: .i. fén	[ 70 ] P. 21a 1. i.e. although it is (by a syllable is meant) a col­lection of letters, still it is called etc.   3. i.e. in place of a diphthong.
[ 70 ] P. 21b Si antecedens syllaba terminet in con­sonantem, necesse est1 etiam sequentem a con­sonante incipere… Hero­dianus…ostendit, rationa­bilius esse sonorius­que2 quantum ad ipsam uocis prolationem, in compositis quoque3 simpli­cium regulam…seruare. [ 71 ]Obiicitur4 tamen huic5 illud, quod oportet ‘oblitus6’ ‘oblatus’… si b in secundam syllabam transit7 more simpli­cium dictionum, primam habere8 communem in metris, ut possit etiam corripi: sed hoc nunquam inuenitur9. Praeterea10 ‘circueo’ et ‘circuago’ et similia non pate­rentur ab­scisionem m in pronun­tiatione si transis­set in sequentem syllabam m11, nec in ‘perhibeo,’12 ‘exhibeo,’ ‘inhumatus’…et similibus secundae syllabae prin­cipalis aspira­retur uocalis13… Est tamen quando in com­positis14 etiam sub­trahitur consonans, ut ‘coeo, cois.’
[ 70 ] P. 21b 1: .i. isgnáth   2: .i. bindiu   3: .i. cid [ 71 ]4: .i. frista­cuirther[1]   5: .i. doberr hi­cotarsne do   6: .i. combad o· ⁊ blitus dogneth reliqua [in marg.] .i. ob ⁊ liuitus ⁊ per sinagopen litus ·reliqua masued[2]   7: .i. techt do ·b· hitosach sillabe   8: techtaite   9: aratesed ·b· isinsillaib tánaisi in his ar it comsuidigthi   10: .i. Cenmithá innahí asrubart .i. oblitus reliqua   11: Fri­tuidecht aile anísiu·   12: forgellim   13: .i. ar nirubi tinfed arbelaib ·x· ⁊ n· reliqua   14: .i. con­forcmat dliged inna­ṅdiuite inmenicc ·	[ 70 ] P. 21b 1. i.e. it is usual.   [ 71 ]5. i.e. it is adduced in contrary (to it).   6. i.e. that it should make o and blitus etc. [in marg.] i.e. ob and livitus and by syncope litus etc. if it is so[3].   7. i.e. the passing of b into the beginning of the syllable.   8. that they should have.   9. (it is not found) that b should pass into the second syllable in these (words), for they are compounds.   10. i.e. besides those (words) which he has (already) mentioned, i.e. oblitus etc.   11. another objection this.   13. i.e. for there cannot be aspira­tion before x and n, etc.   14. i.e. so that they often preserve the law of the simple (words).
cf. Ml. 106b 15, 118c 3 The words .i. ob…masued are in the right margin cf. Sg. 50b 18, 88a2, 192b7 etc., Mod. Ir. maiseadh then, therefore,’ Anglo-Irish musha
[ 71 ] P. 22a Principales syllabae…ab omnibus incipere literis, desinere tamen non in omnes possunt sed in has: uocales quidem omnes, a quacumque conso­nante1 incipiat sequens syllaba.…in dictio­nibus, quae …aliis partibus orationis sint compo­sitae, ut…2 alter­utrum3. Nec tamen, si sequens a conso­nante incipiet, licet ante­cedenti in quan­cumque4 conso­nantem desinere… In b inuenitur syllaba desinens, si sequens quoque ab eadem incipiat, ut ‘Subburra,’5 ‘gibbus,’6 ‘gibber,’7 ‘gibbe­rosus.’8… Quae tamen consonans c sequente solet in eam motari plerunque, ut .. ‘occumbo’9.. ‘succido’10… ‘Ob’ quoque est quando assumit s, cum prae­ponitur cum dictione a c inci­piente, ut .. ‘obscenus’11.
[ 71 ] P. 22a 1: .i. ní ecen aḟorcomét adi   2: Alter­utrum .i. indalanai · lactan­tius dicit. Utrum anima patre an matre an ex utroque generatur neque ab utroque neque ex alterutro seruntur animae   3: .i. hithé sin inaranna aili asrubart tuas · ⏑   4: .i. ní hicach ɔsoin ɔosna   5: .i. ingor[1]   6: .i. túithlae   7: .i. cnocc   8: .i. cnocach   9: .i. ob ⁊ cumbo ⁊ níbí acumbo hísin in diuitius con ·m· sed cubo ·as· reliqua ·   10: .i. sub ⁊ caedo .i. dofuibnimm   11: .i. ob ⁊ caenum .i. loth[2] reliqua	[ 71 ] P. 22a 1. i.e. it is not necessary to observe this.   3. i.e. those are the other parts which he has mentioned above.   4. i.e. not in every consonant does it end.   5. i.e. an anchor.   6. i.e. a swelling.   7. i.e. a lump.   8. i.e. lumpy.   9. i.e. ob and cumbo, and that cumbo does not occur in sim­plicity with m, but cubo, cubas etc.
cf. saburra Corp. Gloss. Lat. vii 220, 221 .i. loth is written over caenum
[ 72 ] P. 22b Aut spem deponas aut partem illusus1 omittas · in quibusdam autem manet immutabilis, ut ‘abrogo,’2 ‘abrado,’ et puto dif­ferentiae causa ne, si ‘arrogo’ et ‘arrado’ dicamus, dubium sit, ‘ab’ an ‘ad’ prae­positio sit3 quae mutauit suam con­sonantem in r. …‘abdo’4…‘abluo’5…‘obnitor’6… …‘bacca,’7 ‘bucca,’8 ‘soccus’9… …‘abaddir,’10 lapis quem pro Ioue deuorauit Saturnus. Reddidit una boum11 uocem. …f quoque sequente rationabilius12: ‘affectus’ …s, ‘assiduus.’13 …‘adfatur’…‘adsumo.’
[ 72 ] P. 22b 1: .i. cuitbedach   2: .i. do­aithbiuch ꝉ nioirdnimm ꝉ ualligim   3: indíxnaigedar   4: .i. fullugaimm   5: dofonug   6: frisbiur   7: cáer   8: oal   9: assa   10: cenéla liac .i. taid­minedar­som ar chiunn   11: .i. innambao[1]   12: .i. is dlig­thigiu a­cumscugud quam a­feidligud   13: .i. uandí as · assideo · reliqua ·	[ 72 ] P. 22b 2. i.e. I break (a bargain), or I do not ordain, or I arrogate.   3. whether it is.   10. a kind of stone, i.e. which he records hereafter[2].   12. i.e. more in accor­dance with rule is its mutation than its perma­nence.   13. i.e. from assideo etc.
MS. innabao Lib. v. f. 65, gl. 1
[ 72 ] P. 23a Errore tamen scrip­torum hoc fieri puto1 quam ratione : nam quae sit dif­ferentia2 euphoniae3 ut, cum eadem consonans sit sequens, in aliis trans­feratur d, in aliis non4, scire tamen non possum…
[ 72 ] P. 23a 1: .i. uarietas immutationis ⁊ mutationis uel hoc .i. cen achomthóud ·d· quod uerius est·   2: cidechor[1] .i. ar ni dechor ṁbindiusa[2] file híc sed error scrip­torum   3: bindiusa   4: .i. ut non trans­feratur ꝉ non .i. naico[3] ní­cum­scaigther ·d· in aliis dictionibus[4]	[ 72 ] P. 23a 1. i.e. without the change of d, quod etc.   2. what is the dif­ference, i.e. because there is no dif­ference of euphony here, sed etc.   4. i.e. no! d is not changed in other words.
= cid dechor MS. bindius MS. naico more probably than naicc, Thurney­sen: leg. naicc, which is trans­lated MS. di͠c. At the end of this column the scribe has : Γ gamma ꝉ Κ cappa ꝉ Χ chi
[ 72 ] P. 23b L quacumque consonante sequente potest ante­cedentem terminare syllabam, ut.. ‘ulcus1’…‘mulxi.’2 Q et r solis sequen­tibus non inueni ante­cedentem l; nam h et k non possunt post banc inueniri3. …‘Cambises…’4 In n terminatur antecedens syllaba sequentibus c uel f uel g uel altera n uel q uel r…uel s uel t5…ut…‘mancus,’6… …‘con’ prae­positio ante dictionem ab r incipi­entem com­ponitur, hoc idem patitur7…
[ 72 ] P. 23b 1: cnocc   2: do ommalgg   3: is airdircu epirt limmson ·   4: .i. proprium nomen regis ut orosius[1] narrat · ꝉ nomen uestis caimmse   5: .i. ordd abbgitir dorat forsna ɔsona   6: .i. baclam .i. manu captus   7: acomthoud in ·r·[2]	[ 72 ] P. 23b 3. I think I need not say this[3].   5. i.e. he has imposed on the con­sonants the order of the alphabet.   7: its con­version into r.
MS. or͠o on the left margin of this column is the gloss: soldus iii tremeses habet tremesis uero scriptula et demedium cf. Vol. i. p. 415 note i
[ 72 ] P. 24a Nec mirum, cum apud Graecos auctores artium hoc idem [ 73 ]soleat firi1 ut συρρέω[1]1a … ‘irrito’2 ‘irriguus’3 … … ‘consitus’4 … ‘imbuo’5 .. ‘competum’6 … ‘illudo.’7… … ‘lippus.’8… .. arquitenens,’9 ‘currus,’ ‘morsus,’ ‘artus,’ ‘periurus,’ curuus10 … … ‘pellicio,’11 ‘interlita’12 … con­scrip­sisti sin­graphum13 .. leges pellige14…pellucet15 quasi lanterna punica16.
[ 73 ] P. 24a 1: .i. acomthoud in ·r·   1a: … icim   2: todúrgim   3: tursit­nech ·   4: .i. con­seminatus[2] com­chlante .i. ɔ ⁊ sero   5: ɔsecraimm   6: bélat .i. ɔ ⁊ peto   7: do­gáithaimm   8: fliuch­dercc   9: huasal­gabáltaid · arcon enim græce excelsus dicitur[3]   10: Ordd abbgitir inso   11: do­gaithaim   12: etarḟuillechta   13: in­comscrib­ṅdaith   14: airléch   15: astóidi   16: amal in lochairnn ṅ aḟfraicdai[4].	[ 73 ] P. 24a 5. I consecrate.   9. high-holder, for arcon in Greek means excelsus.   10. this (is the) order of the alphabet.   13. a writer[5].   16. like the African lamp.
MS. ϲιρρηγω von anderer hand davor­geschrie­ben, Windisch The glossator seems to have been thinking of ἄκρος i.e. afraicdai syngraphum is misrendered
[ 73 ] P. 24b .. ‘luscus’1 … … ‘cassis’2… … caeteris uero consonantibus3 sequentibus e, non ex, praeponi solet … … ‘faex4 faecis,’ ‘faux5 faucis.’
[ 73 ] P. 24b 1: .i. caech   2: .i. cenelae lin   3: cenmithá ·f·   4: .i. descad   5: forcrach	[ 73 ] P. 24b 2. i.e. a kind of net.   3. except f
[ 73 ] P. 25a syllaba enim per se, nisi cum sit dictio1 sensum habere non potest. Inuenitur tamen et plena oratio2 in una dictione…
[ 73 ] P. 25a 1: .i. inge intan bas rann intṡillab   2: .i. in ællug insce biid dictio	[ 73 ] P. 25a 1. i.e. except when the syllable is a part (of speech).   2. i.e. dictio is wont to be in connected speech (oratio).
[ 73 ] P. 25b Tamen in metro1 necesse est unamquamque syllabam uel unius uel duorum accipi temporum. Dictio est pars minima2 orationis constructae3, id est in ordinem com­positae4: pars autem, quantum5 ad totum intel­ligendum…hoc autem ideo dictum est, ne quis conetur ‘uires’ in duas partes diuidere6, hoc est in ‘ui’ et ‘res’… Non enim ad totum intel­ligendum7 haec fit diuisio. [ 74 ]Differt autem dictio a syllaba non solum quod syllaba pars est8 dictionis, sed etiam quod dictio dicendum9, hoc est intellegendum10, aliquid habet. Syllaba autem non omni modo11 aliquid significat per se: ergo monosyllabae dictiones quodammodo12 esse et syllabae13, non tamen sincoere14… Unde si dicam15 ‘a’ per se scio esse syllabam nec tempora16 tamen eius…nec significationem17 agnosco… Nam in ‘ara18’ deorum…
[ 73 ] P. 25b 1: .i. fri toim­sidetaid metair   2: .i. hi­coin­deulgg inna innsce óge   3: cen dualchi   4: inordd cóir   5: .i. minima .i. is rannsi ám orationis   6: .i. ɔepred iarum is pars minima orationis cechtar inda leithe sin .i. uí· ⁊ res· ar is pars minima dictionis syllaba ní pars orationis · · ⏑   7: .i. do láni chétbutho inna huilæ insce · ·  [ 74 ]8: .i. olas rann   9: .i. beth eperthi   10: .i. sluindith folad indepert ·   11: .i. onach mud etir   12: .i. ualailiu mud frisillaba nád tóirṅdet ḟolad · ·   13: .i. issi intsillab diuit sillab ellaig rainne[1] ⁊ nad ṡluindi folad · ·   14: Ní sluindi sillab folad trée feisin manipsin[2] sillab ɔí bes rann insce··   15: Sí dicam .i. Fo[3] : : : : sillaib ṅdiuit : :…rainn : :…insce : :…beid : :…   16: .i. cemét aimmser bes indi   17: .i. cid ḟolad[4] sluindes   18: altóir	[ 73 ] P. 25b 1. i.e. for the measure­ment of metre.   2. i.e. in com­parison with the complete discourse.   3. without vices.   4. into proper order.   5. i.e. it is verily a part of speech.   6. i.e. that he then should say, each of those two parts vi- and ‑res is pars minima orationis, for a syllable is pars minima dictionis and not pars orationis.   7. i.e. for the fulness of meaning of the whole discourse (dictio).   [ 74 ]8. i.e. because it is a part.   9. i.e. it should be to be said.   10. i.e. the word expresses substance.   11. i.e. in any way at all.   12. i.e. in another way (quodammodo) to syllables that signify no substance.  13. i.e. this is the simple syllable, a syllable in the body of a part (of speech), and which does not express a substance.   14. No syllable by itself expresses a substance, unless it be a syllable which is able to be a part of speech.   16. i.e. what times may be in it.   17. i.e. (I know not) what substance it signifies.
MS. raine leg. sí or sí sin? not quite certain, Thurneysen cf. cid chenél Sg. 197b3
[ 74 ] P. 26a cum autem significat stabulum porcorum1 eadem a sillaba peneultima2 corripitur et acuitur et habet aspirationem; haec eadem ‘a,’ quando est praepositio, grauatur3…. Vides ergo per se ipsum syllabam4 difficere praedictorum ratione nec aliter posse examosin5 tractari6, nisi posita in dictione sit. Oratio est ordinatio dictionum7 congrua8, sententiam perfectam9 demonstrans. Est autem haec diffinitio orationis eius, quae generalis est, id est quae in species seu in partes diuiditur10. Nam oratio11 dicitur etiam liber rethoricus… …responsa[1]12…‘honestas’13… .. articulos, quibus nos caremus14.
[ 74 ] P. 26a 1: .i. muccḟoil   2: .i. hára .i. muccḟoil   3: .i. intan ṁbís hicomaisṅdís   4: .i. solam .i. ind sillab diuit nád ṡluindi folad··   5: .i. ind immdae[2]   6: .i. ɔeperthae cia aiccent ⁊ cisi aimser derb thechtas relqua   7: .i. innafocul   8: cen fubae[3] cen dualaich   9: .i. coláni inntṡliuchto   10: .i. coil ⁊ cóim ꝉ idem ⁊ partes quod melius   11: híc ostendit ceróich[4] himeit ⁊ lagait aní as oratio···   12: .i. innafrecra   13: .i. féle   14: .i. nín tánaic acárachtar	[ 74 ] P. 26a 1. i.e. pig-sty.   3. i.e. when it is in apposition.   4. i.e. the simple syllable which does not denote a substance.   5. i.e. abundantly.   6. i.e. so that it might be said what accent and what certain time it hath, etc.   7. i.e. of the words.   8. without flaw, without fault.   9. i.e. with fulness of sense.   10. i.e. simple (gracilis) and beautiful.   11. here he shews how far the word oratio extends in greatness and in smallness.   14. i.e. their character has not come to us,
recte responsiua, but responsa is translated immdu might have been expected cf. Ml. 15a11 the enclitic form is noteworthy. Can ce be a mistake for co ‘how’?
[ 75 ] P. 26b … illos adhuc sequimur Latini1 quamuis integros in nostra non inuenimus lingua articulos2. Nam cum dicimus3 ‘idem’ ὁ αὐτός[1], non solum articulum prae­positiuum, sed etiam pronomen in eadem dictione signifi­camus4. .…secundum quosdam infinite siue magis nomine5.. His alii addebant etiam uocabulum et interiectionem apud Graecos6. Igitur non aliter7 possunt a se discerni8 partes orationis, nisi unius­cuius­que9 proprie­tatis signifi­cationem[2] at­tendamus. Proprium10 est nominis11 substantiam et qualitatem significare. Hoc habet etiam ap­pellatio12 et uocabulum: ergo trea una pars est orationis13. Proprium14 uerbi actionem uel passionem siue utrumque…sine casu signi­ficare. Hoc habent etiam infinita15, quare non sunt separanda16 a uerbo17.
[ 75 ] P. 26b 1: .i. osní   2: .i. compositos ut apud graecos ꝉ huare ná­ndun­tanaic a­carachtar ciarid­beram acéill a pronominibus · ·   3: isfollus nach mór bríg articuil linni · ·   4: .i. ardointám   5: .i. isferr ainm dodenom de   6: .i. ind­interi­echt nadrann insce lagrecu sed apud aduerbium numerant atarimet com­roircnich[3] inna ngrec[4] la ranna insce ol ṡuide as rann insce lalaitnori · ·   7: dedliguth tra inna nil­toimdden­sin isde gaibthi igitur· quasi dixisset · ní fail ní nádtái mo­dligeth­sa fair indegaid na­comroir­cnech · ⏑   8: .i. ɔfesta andechur   9: Manid­ecamar sain folad cacha­rainne · 10: .i. asainreth   11: .i. indanmma dilis   12: .i. proprium .i. torand folaid ⁊ inne amal ṅdond­foirde[5] ainmm ṅdiles ·   13: .i. inna teoir rannasa is óinrann fardiṅgrat · ·   14: .i. asainreth   15: .i. torand gnima ꝉ césta reliqua   16: .i. huare dofoirṅdet gním et passionem   17: .i. is labrethir anáram	[ 75 ] P. 26b 1. i.e. we ourselves.   2. because their character has not come to us, although we express[6] their sense by means of pronouns.   3. it is clear that with us the article is not of much account.   4. i.e. for we translate.   5. i.e. it is better to make a noun of it[7].   6. i.e. the inter­jection, which is not a part of speech with the Greeks, sed etc., erroneous persons of the Greeks reckon it with the parts of speech because it is a part of speech with the Latins.   7. of the law then, of those many opinions, it is of this that he says[8] igitur; as if he had said; there is nothing on which my law does not touch[9] after the erroneous ones.   8. i.e. so that their dif­ference may be known.   9. unless we see a different meaning of every part (of speech).   10. i.e. its peculi­arity.   11. i.e. of the proper name.   12. i.e. a signifi­cation of substance and quality[10], (just) as the proper name signifies it.   13. i.e. these three parts (of speech) it is one part that they express.   14. i.e. its peculi­arity.   15. i.e. a signifi­cation of action or passion etc.   16. i.e. because they signify action and passion.   17. i.e. they are to be reckoned with the verb.
MS. ꝉ υ/οαιτοϲ recte proprietates significationum MS. comroirnich MS. grec the prefixed ṅ is peculiar: leg. dondfoirṅde? Cf. Sg. 31a3, 33a19, 40a11, 146a1, 148b13, 149b1, 196b5 cf. Vol. 1. p. 613 note e gaibthi = gaibid + i cf . Wb. 2a3 for inne in Sg. cf. 4b4, 27a3, 28a1, 2, 28b13, 18, 30a14, 39a32, 41b11, 50a3, 6, 59a11, 61a3, 4, 17, 66a29, 73a14, 137b8, 183b3, 185b6, 201a1, 207b9, 211a1, 10, 211b4: cf. definitio sensus id est quali­tatis esse demon­strator, Suppl. Gramm. Lat. p. 64.
[ 76 ] P. 27a Proprium est pro­nominis1 pro aliquo nomine proprio poni et certas personas signi­ficare. Ergo ‘quis’ et ‘qualis’ et ‘talis’ et ‘quantus’ …quae sunt…‘redditiua,’2 magis nomina sunt ap­pellanda quam pronomina…sub­stantiam…et quali­tatem3, quamuis generalem4, quod5 est suum nominis6, habent: nomina sunt igitur dicenda, quamuis7 declina­tionem pro­nominum habent quaedam ex eis. Non enim de­clinatio, sed uis et signi­ficatio8 unius­cuius­que partis est con­templanda: indif­ferenter enim9 multa et10 nomina modo pro­nominum et pronomina modo nominum inuenimus de­clinanda. Quod si de­clinatio facit iudicium[1]11 qualis12 sit dictio13 debent…parti­cipia14 in his putari… Ergo non de­clinatio, sed pro­prietas, est ex­cutienda15 signifi­cationis16. …summatim17 de ceterarum quoque partium proprietate orationis per­currere. Hoc ergo inter aduerbium et praepositionem est18, quod [ 77 ]aduerbium et sine cassualibus potest praeponi et postponi uerbis et cum cassu­alibus…Terentius in Adelphis:
[ 76 ] P. 27a 1: .i. issed sainreth pronominis aṡuidigud ar­an­mmaimm dílius ⁊ ní arindí dano nád­suidigthe som ar­an­mmaimm do­acalmach · ·   2: .i. érrethcha airindí asrenat frecrae dond immchomurc .i. Dofúasailcet animm­chomarc imme­chomarcar tri quis ⁊ qualis ⁊ quantus   3: .i. qualis ⁊ talis .i. inni ind folaid hísin   4: .i. cenelaich etir maith ⁊ olc   5: .i. proprium .i. ái   6: .i. sainreth nanmmae torand folaid cen­chinniuth persine · ·   7: .i. quis ⁊ qui aris far diull nominis ataat innahí olchænae .i. quis[2] ⁊ talis   8: .i. afolad ⁊ inchiall   9: .i. Nibí dechor etir diall nanmann ⁊ pro­nominum   10: cid   11: masued sluindes ind rann   12: .i. Cia randdatu bis indi   13: .i. cisi rami dogéntar di   14: ar is diall nominis lasuidib[3]   15: .i. ní eclastai   16: ind ḟolaid   17: ind­áirmith ꝉ breuiter   18: .i. etir in­dobrethir són ɔicc bes ṅ do­briathar[4] ⁊ bes rem­suidigud ꝉ etir in­dobrethir sechissí ⁊ remsuidigud má­do­drume­natar alaaili nombetis in oen rainn · ·	[ 76 ] P. 27a 1. i.e. this is the peculi­arity of the pronoun, that it is put for a proper noun, not, indeed, that it is not put for an appel­lative noun.   2. i.e. red­ditives, because they render an answer to the question, that is, they resolve the question which is asked by quis and qualis and quantus.   3. i.e. qualis and talis: (they have) the quality of that substance.   4. i.e. general, both good and bad.   6. i.e. the peculiar­ity of a noun, to denote substance without determin­ing person.   7. i.e. quis and qui (follow the pro­nominal declen­sion), for the rest, qualis and talis are (declined) according to the nominal declen­sion.   8. i.e. the substance and the sense.   9. i.e. there is no dif­ference between the de­clension of nouns and of pronouns.   10. also.   11. if it is this that the part (of speech) expresses.   12. i.e. what particu­larity[5] resides in it.   13. i.e. what part (of speech) will be made of it.   14. for they have the nominal declen­sion.   16. of the meaning.   17. numerical­ly or briefly.   18. i.e. between the adverb which can be an adverb and a prepo­sition. Or between any adverb what­so­ever and a prepo­sition, if some have thought that they are one part (of speech).
recte indicium leg. qualis MS. hi suidib, with puncta delentia under hi and la super­scribed MS. dobre˘ randatu is an abstract formation from rann ‘part of speech,’ cf. Sg. 188a7, 8, 203b4 etc.
[ 77 ] P. 27b post facere tamen1. …si dicam ‘non bonus homo’ pro ‘malus,’ subaudio ‘est2.’ Praepositionis autem proprium separatim quidem per apposi­tionem3 casua­libus praeponi, ut ‘de rege’ .. con­iunctim uero per composi­tionem tam4 cum haben­tibus casus quam5 etiam cum non haben­tibus casus… …‘uel Terentius uel Cicero6’… …praepositio casualibus separata7 prae­ponitur semper, con­iunctio uero omnibus potest dictio­nibus modo8 prae­posita modo post­posita coniungi. Nomen9 est pars orationis, quae unicuique subiectorum corporum10 seu rerum11 communem uel propriam quali­tatem distri­buit12. Dicitur13 autem nomen14 uel a Graeco, quod est ‘νομα15’ et adiecta o ‘ὄνομα[1],’ dictum a16 tribuendo17 quod νέμειν[2]18 dicunt, uel, ut alii,
[ 77 ] P. 27b 1: .i. ardobrethir hiremṡamugud   2: .i. aní as · est .i. biid est hífoetsecht   3: .i. Tre­chomais­ṅdeis do inchosc óen­cheillae   4: emith lasnahí   5: emith   6: .i. is nectar de   7: hi­comais­ṅdís   8: cach la céin   9: .i. her­chóiliuth folaith   10: .i. tiugdae ⁊ tanaide   11: .i. neph­chorpdae   12: .i. do­indnaich   13: her­chóiliuth suin   14: .i. tindnacul   15: .i. ethem­lagas do­nadbat híc ondsun grecdu as· noma .i. nomen húad   16: gerind   17: .i. o­thind­nacul   18: .i. gerind grecdae	[ 77 ] P. 27b 1. i.e. for an adverb in ante­position.   2. i.e. est, i.e. an est is under­stood.   3. i.e. by appo­sition, to signify a single con­ception.   4. as much with those (that have).   5. as.   6. i.e. it is one of the two.   7. in appo­sition.   9. i.e. defi­nition of (the) substance.   10. i.e. of gross and subtle.   11. i.e. of in­corporeal (things).   13. defi­nition of (the) word.   14. i.e. an imparting.   15. i.e. the etymology he sets forth here from the Greek word νόμα, i.e. nomen (comes) from it.   16. i.e. (it is) a gerund.   17. i.e. from imparting.   18. i.e. a Greek gerund.
MS. ονωμα MS. νημειν
[ 77 ] P. 28a nomen quasi notamen, quod hoc notamus nomine unius­cuius­que sub­stantiae quali­tatem1. Et communem quidem corporum quali­tatem2 de­monstrat, ut ‘homo’…rerum3 communem, ut ‘disci­plina’… [ 78 ]Species sunt communes tam propriorum quam appellatiuorum duae, princi­palis et diri­uatiua4. …ut ‘Iulius5’… Nam propria habent species separatim quattuor: praenomen, nomen, cognomen, agnomen6. Praenomen est, quod prae­ponitur nomini uel diffe­rentiae causa7 uel quod[1] tempore, quo Sabinos Romani asci­uerunt8 ciuitati ad con­firmandam coniunc­tionem9 nomina illorum suis prae­ponebant nominibus et inuicem Sabini Romanorum.10 Et notantur11 uel singulis literis12 uel binis uel ternis. Idque fit diffe­rentiae causa13…. Unde in ‘Marco’ ‘M.’ solam scribimus14…quia nullus error fit15. Nomen16 est proprie unius­cuius­que suum17,18 ut ‘Paulus’; cognomen cogna­tionis19 commune, ut ‘Scipio20’; agnomen est quod ab aliquo euentu21 imponitur, ut ‘Africanus,’ ‘Issau­ricus.’
[ 77 ] P. 28a 1: .i. inne indḟebtad ꝉ indḟolaid asbeir híc inne dilse ꝉ do­acald­maiche asbeir innadead quando dicit et communem quidem reliqua   2: indinne issi as coitchenn folad duine huile[2] ··   3: indúlib ní hisonaib atá in dilse ꝉ in­doacald­maiche [ 78 ]4: .i. ataat chétnaidi ⁊ dirudigthi hindilsi ataat dano in doacaldmaichi   5: .i. ainm inchoisc ceníuil   6: .i. issed acognomen són alsnafiru aili reliqua   7: .i. ardechor etir da ṅainmm cosmaili   8: .i. do­chath­raraib dóib hisin­chathir   9: .i. is do remi­suidig­ddis do accomol inna­cairddine ⁊ ind oentath · ·   10: .i. Dagnítis dano intṡabindai anísin immenetor .i. no­suidigtis nomina romanorum ante nominibus suís · ·   11: .i. notaitir   12: .i. robu óenlitrib   13: .i. dodechor fri praenomna[3] aili   14: .i. huare nádfail praenomen fria­ndech­raiged[4]   15: .i. cith ·m· namma scríbthar and huare nád­deligedar fri praenomen cosmail do · ·   16: .i. nomen saindíles cachoenḟolaid   17: .i. aṅái   18: Aní as nomen lasna littridi aili is cognomen són lapriscien aní as cognomen leosom is nomen són leissem   19: .i. in­choibnis   20: .i. coitchen dia­choibnius .i. domaccaib ⁊ auib .i. scipio .i. scipide · ·   21: .i. ua­thecmungg gnímo	[ 77 ] P. 28a 1. i.e. the quality of the property or of the substance he declares here: the quality of propriety or appella­tivity he declares after­wards, quando dicit etc.   2. the quality is this, whereby every one has a common substance.   3. in elements, not in words, is the propriety or the appella­tivity. [ 78 ]4. i.e. there are primitives and derivatives in propriety: there are also in appel­lativity.   5. i.e. a name signify­ing family (gens).   6. i.e. this is the cognomen with other (learned) men, etc.   7. i.e. for dis­tinguish­ing between two similar nouns.   8. i.e. for citizens of theirs in the city.   9. i.e. for this (reason) they used to set it before for the junction of the friend­ship and the unity.   10. i.e. the Sabines also used to do this in turn, i.e. they used to put names of the Romans before their own names.   12. i.e. either[5] by single letters.   13. i.e. to dis­tinguish from other prae­nomina.   14. i.e. because there is no praenomen for it to differ from.   15. i.e. even if m only is written there: because it does not dis­tinguish from (another) praenomen like it.   16. i.e. a peculiar nomen of every single substance.   18. that which is nomen with other authors, this is cognomen with Priscian: that which is cognomen with them, is nomen with him.   20. i.e. common to his relatives, i.e. to sons and grandsons, i.e. Scipio, i.e. Scipian.   21. i.e. by accident of fact.
MS. quo perhaps a verb (asbeir?) has fallen out before as: ‘the quality, it is it which declares that all man is of common substance’; for as coitchenn folad might then be compared bammo brón, Ml. 86d6, and KZ. xxxv 399 sq. leg. praenomina? or is the word inflected as Irish? cf. pronoibneib Sg. 200b6, pronomen 201a5 leg. frisandechriged, which is translated see Vol. i. p. 433 note c, Pedersen, KZ. xxxv. 404
[ 78 ] P. 28b Inuenimus tamen multa in his quattuor speciebus propri­orum nominum inuicem pro se possita1, et quae in aliis personis sunt prae­nomina2 [ 79 ]haec in aliis loco nominum3 accipi­untur… Similiter in aliis loco cog­nominum4 aliorum cognomina uel contra…. Hoc autem interest inter proprium et appellatiuum quod appel­latiuum natura­liter commune est multorum5 quos eadem sub­stantia siue qualitas6 siue quantitas7 generalis uel specialis8 iungit: generalis9, ut ‘animal,’ ‘corpus10’ ‘uirtus11’; specialis12, ut… ‘albus’ ‘niger13,’ ‘magnus,’ ‘breuis14.’ Haec enim15 quoque, quae a qualitate uel a quantitate sumuntur speciali, id est adiectiua, modo a generali modo a speciali qualitate uel quan­titate nascuntur natura­liter communia sunt multorum: adiectiua autem ideo uocantur, quod aliis appel­latiuis16, quae sub­stantiam signi­ficant, uel etiam propriis adiici solent ad manifes­tandam eorum17 quali­tatem18 uel quanti­tatem, quae augeri uel minui19 sine sub­stantiae con­sumptione20 possunt… Proprium uero naturaliter uniuscuiusque priuatam21 substantiam quali­tatem­que signi­ficat et in rebus est indi­uiduis22 quae philo­sophi atoma23 uocant, ut ‘Plato,’ ‘Socrates.’ Itaque com­munione naturali [ 80 ]caret24.
[ 78 ] P. 28b 1: .i. cach ae doṡuidigud aralailiu ·   2: .i. hipersonaib sainib .i. saini persin[1] hisuidiu · [ 79 ]3: .i. innaṅanmann etargnai   4: .i. do luc[2] innananmman inchoisc ceníuil   5: .i. afolad issed maithess incoitchennas in nomine   6: .i. cid maith cid olc cid álind cid etig ·   7: .i. cid bec cid már   8: .i. benair[3] fricach nae andédese ·   9: .i. docach anmmandu   10: docach corp   11: docach neurt   12: .i. ar­ṡain­chenélchi   13: ar inni andédese ·   14: ar méit andedeso   15: .i. frecrae menmman[4] reliqua   16: .i. trenaib   17: .i. inna­nanman adiect ·   18: Inna anmmann tréna didiu ithé doḟormmagddar donaib anmmanaib adiectaib do lanad ⁊ ḟoilsiguth inne indib sicut postea dicit   19: .i. cen­forcenn indḟolaid chéthnai[5]   20: niepil afolad cetne isfolud duini ꝉ do­gaibther and ꝉ doḟormagar ·   21: diuparthe   22: .i. nad­fodlaiter frislond nilḟolad .i. indiuidua   23: neph ḟodlaidi [ 80 ]24: doṡlund hile	[ 78 ]1. i.e. that each of them is put for another.   2. i.e. in different persons, i.e. different persons here.   [ 79 ]3. i.e. (in place) of the names of cognition.   4. i.e. in place of the nouns which signify family.   5. i.e. the substance, this is what abates (?) the common­ness in the noun.   6. i.e. whether it be good or bad, beautiful or ugly.   7. i.e. whether it be small or great.   8. i.e. these two (attri­butes) (generalis and specialis) are connected with each of them (qualitas and quantitas).   9. i.e. to every animal.   10. to every body.   11. for every strength.   12. i.e. for special gene­rality.   13. for quality, these two.   14. for quantity, these two.   15. i.e. a mental answer etc.   16. i.e. to sub­stantives.   17. i.e. of the nouns adjective.   18. the nouns sub­stantive then, it is they that are added to the nouns adjective to complete and manifest quality in them, sicut etc.   19. i.e. without end of the same substance.   20. the same substance does not perish: it is the substance of a man whether it be dimin­ished therein or increased.   21. deprived.   22. i.e. which are not divided to signify many sub­stances.   23. indivis­ibles.   [ 80 ]24. to signify many.
for nom. pl. persin cf. Sg. 138a4, 197a8, 211b9 loco is interpreted as a dative, cf. Sg. 154b1 MS. benair perhaps more probably than berair, Thurneysen; leg. probably, with Sarauw, berair: cf. Ml. 35b10 cf. scríbend menman Sg. 178b3 recte chétnai
[ 80 ] P. 29a …fortuitu1…. Et in proprio etiam appel­latiua intellegi possunt2, ut, si dicam ‘Virgilium3,’ intellego hominem et poetam, in appel­latiuis autem propria non intel­leguntur .. nisi per excel­lentiam4 loco proprii in quibusdam personis accipi­antur, ut ‘poeta’ pro5 ‘Virgilius’ et ‘urbs’ pro ‘Roma.’ …alia incorporalia in appellatiuis, ut ‘uirtus6’ dea7 et ‘pudicitia’ Penelopae8. Omonima9 quoque tam in propriis quam in appel­latiuis in­ueniuntur, ut….‘nepos10’ filius filii… In­ueniuntur tamen quaedam omonima eadem propria et appel­latiua, ut ‘Magnus Pompeius11’… Sinonima12… Aliae fere omnes species13 in
[ 80 ] P. 29a 1: .i. inttecmaiṅgthech .i. tecmaiṅg amin   2: .i. incoisgedar anmman do­accald­macha tre anmman dílsi   3: Asa­gnintar as ṅ duine ⁊ as fili intan asmberar uirgilius assa­gnintar assin[1] do­acald­maiche · tre dilsi ·· 4: .i. tre derscugud fir ꝉ chathrach reliqua   5: .i. tar hési   6: .i. coitchen do each neurt   7: .i. nomen bandeae   8: .i. dorochair indílsidi[2] ɔid nomen dipudicitia   9: .i. cosmail ainmm­nech­thecha reliqua   10: .i. haue   11: asinmagnus dogníthær andedesin .i. dilis ⁊ doacaldmach   12: .i. comainm­nichdecha reliqua   13.: .i. file	[ 80 ] P. 29a 1. i.e. accidentally, i.e. it happens thus.   2. i.e. appellative nouns (can) be signified by proper names.   3. when ‘Vergil’ is said, it is under­stood that he is a human being and a poet: therefrom is appella­tivity under­stood through propriety.   4. i.e. through the pre­eminence of the man or the city.   5. i.e. in place of.   6. i.e. common to every strength.   7. i.e. nomen of a goddess.   8. i.e. it has fallen into propriety[3] to her (Penelope), so that Pudicitia is a name of hers.   9. i.e. homonyms, etc.   11. out of the magnus this pair is formed, viz. the proper and the appel­lative.   12. i.e. synonyms etc.   13. i.e. which are.
cf. Sg. 5a10 leg. indílsi dí, cf. Sg. 29b7 i.e. the state of being a proper name
[ 80 ] P. 29b nominibus appellatiuis1 inueniuntur. …compre­hensiuum2.. accidens uero, id est suum uniuscuiusque3, ut ‘niger coruus4’ et ‘altum5 mare.’ Inueniuntur tamen etiam in propriis quaedam huius­ce­modi6, ut ‘Gradiuus Mars7’….nec egent ad­iectione aliorum nominum8 quomodo communia adiectiua9. [ 81 ]Ad aliquid dictum est, quod sine intellectu illius10, ad quod dictum est, proferri non potest, ut ‘filius,’ ‘seruus,’ nam dicendo11 filium patrem etiam12 et dicendo seruum dominum quoque13 intellego. Quod sí intereat14, interimit una illud quod ab eo intel­ligitur. Quasi15 ad aliquid dictum est16, quod, quamuis habeat aliquid contra­rium17 et quasi semper adhaerens18, tamen non ab ipso nomine19 signi­ficat
[ 80 ] P. 29b 1: archiunn   2: .i. ar indí ɔtetarrat som hignuisib hilib an­dé­ainmm­neich­thech   3: .i. anái .i. asainreth   4: fiach   5: fudomain   6: .i. amal ataat adiecta ɔanil­mrechtrud ind­doacald­maichi ataat dano indílsi ·   7: .i. dorochair indílsi marti   8: .i. cenmithá inna anmmann dílsi diana­comlatar híc tantum ··   9: .i. do­acald­macha [ 81 ]10: .i. air ni conbiasom manibé aní huanaithgnintar ⁊ huanainm­nigther[1] · ·   11: .i. lase asṁbiur   12: file athir leiss   13: .i. file chóimmdith leiss   14: .i. manibé   15: .i. is cuit atoíbthe[2] nammá is airi asbeir quasi .i. simili­tudinis   16: .i. is quasi ad aliquid asberar diib huare rombí cechtar de sech alaill · · ·   17: .i. cenod fil­chotar­snataith etarru ·   18: .i. is cuit atóibthe huare rombí cechtar de sech alaill   19: .i. bís leiss ut dies	[ 80 ] P. 29b 1. ahead.   2. i.e. because it comprehends under many forms the denomi­native.   3. i.e. its own, i.e. what is proper to it.   5. deep.   6. i.e. as there are adjec­tives with their many varieties in appella­tivity so there are in propriety[3]. 7. i.e. it has fallen into propriety to Mars.   8. i.e. except the proper names, to which they are added here only.   9, i.e. appel­latives.   [ 81 ]10. i.e. for it will not exist unless there exist that from which it is recog­nised and named.   11. i.e. when I say.   12. that he has a father.   13. i.e. that he has a lord.   14. i.e. unless it exist.   15. i.e. it is a mere adherence (somewhat similar): hence he says quasi.   16. i.e. it is quasi ad aliquid is said of them, because each of the two can be apart from the other.   17. i.e. although there is oppo­sition between them.   18. i.e. it is a mere adherence because each of the two can be apart from the other.   19. i.e. which it has, ut dies.
MS. ‑ter; according to Thurneysen ai is no longer legible cf. Wb. 24c5 i.e. the state of being a proper name
[ 81 ] P. 30a etiam illud1: neque enim ex illo nomina­tionem accipit2…nam quamuís intereat3, nec interimit4 secum etiam illud quod ei adhaerere intel­legitur. In propriis quoque hanc uim habent5 dionima6 uel trionima uel tetra­onima7 ut ‘P. Cornilius Scipio Africanus.’ Interrogatiuum est, quod cum interrogatione profertur, ut ‘quis,’ ‘qualis7a,’ ‘quantus,’ ‘quot,’ ‘quotus,’ cum suos seruant accentus8. Infinitum est interrogatiuo contrarium9, ut ‘quis,’ ‘qualis,’ ‘quantus10,’ ‘quot11,’ cum in lectione graui accentu pronun­tiantur12. [ 82 ]Possunt tamen haec eadem et relatiua esse13 et simili­tudinis14, sicut etiam15 ‘talis,’ ‘tantus,’ ‘totus,’ ‘tot’: haec tamen etiani redditiua dicuntur16. …huius­cemodi nomina uel sub­stantiae sunt infinitae atque communis, ut ‘quis,’ ‘qui’; uel quali­tatis17, ut ‘qualis,’ .… uel numeri18, ut ‘quot’… Sed incon­gruum19 uidetur…nos Apollonii et Herodiani…uestigia relin­quere20..
[ 81 ] P. 30a 1: .i. aní huanainmnichfide   2: sluindith sem aduiltetaid cen ḟortacht indanmma aili · · ·   3: .i. ciatbela indalanái niepil alaill   4: .i. ni airdben   5: .i. ainmnigud oen folaid húa ilanmmianaib   6: .i. deainmmnichthi   7: .i. is ar ṡodain dobeir exemplum   7a: .i. circun­flex[1]   8: .i. dóig linn bed nacuit praeter qualis ⁊ combad chircun­flex far suidiu·⏑   9: .i. ecrich­datu cen immchoruarc nindib   10: .i. isidméit   11: .i. lín reliqua   12: .i. inimmfognam ⁊ issreith legind [ 82 ]13: .i. aithaisṅdisnecha .i. tuasailcdecha doimmchomairsnechaib · ·   14: .i. quantus .i. is heidméit ꝉ uerbi gratia · qualis innainne so noch is relatiuum insin insam­lathar dano inni frialaili ·   15: .i. is derbson   16: .i. hérredcha aliud nomen illis   17: .i. tecmaiṅg dondḟolud hísin .i. infinitae ⁊ communis   18: .i. tecmaiṅg dondḟolud .i. infinitae ⁊ communis   19: ecóir   20: cena­sechim	[ 81 ] P. 30a 1. i.e. that from which it would be named.   2. it expresses its proper nature, without the aid of the other name.   3. i.e. though one of the two perish the other does not perish.   4. i.e. it does not destroy.   5. i.e. the naming of one substance by many names.   6. i.e. dionyma.   7. i.e. ’tis for this he gives an example.   7a. i.e. (accented with) a circum­flex.   8. i.e. it seems to us that it is the acute, except (on) qualis, and that it is the circum­flex on this.   9. i.e. in­definite­ness in them, without inter­rogation.   10. i.e. ’tis how much.   11. i.e. number etc.   12. i.e. in construc­tion and in order of reading (in a connected text?).   [ 82 ]13. i.e. responsives, i.e. resolutives to interrogatives.   14. i.e. quantus, i.e. it is how much or, for example, qualis of this quality; yet that is relatiuum, it assim­ilates one quality to another[2].   15. i.e. this is certain.   16. i.e. ‘reddi­tives’ is another name for them.   17. i.e. it happens to that substance.   18. i.e. it happens to the substance.   20. not to follow them.
the m corrected into n cf. Sg. 211a10
[ 82 ] P. 30 b Facticium1 est, quod a propri­etate sonorum2 per imita­tionem factum est, ut ‘tintina­bulum3.’. Absolutum est, quod per se intellegitur4… Patronomicum5…quod significat cum genitiuo primitiui filius uel nepos. Et hac forma6 poetae maxime solent uti, pro qua7 Romani cog­nominibus famili­arum utuntur8, ut sunt ‘Marcelli9,’ ‘Cornilii10’… quicunque eiusdem familiae11 sunt, sicut12 omnes minores13 Thessei14 ‘Thessidas’ Graeci uocant….unde Virgilius… dixit ‘Scipiades15.’ Necnon etiam posses­siua loco patrono­micorum16
[ 82 ] P. 30 b 1: .i. aforcmachte .i. nomen de sono factum ·   2: .i. innafogur   3: .i. tinntin · afogur dia­forcom­nacair tintina­bulum   4: .i. húa­tuasailc­thae hua anmmaim ailiu dothórmuch friss do aestóasc acheille ·   5: .i. ciall genitiui nominis cétnaidi ɔacomol fris indí as filius ꝉ nepos issi fil isind­aither­rech­taigthu · · ·   6: .i. in des   7: .i. forma in des ·   8: .i. ainmm ninchoisc cenéuil issed file lalait­nóri tarhési naither­rechtaich­the la­grecu   9: .i. in­marcell­dai   10: .i. in chor­naldai   11: .i. dimuntir cornil ꝉ marcill   12: .i. maicc ⁊ háui reliqua .i. is follus issin magin sin téte aither­rechtaig­the Ní ashire oldáta maicc ⁊ aui reliqua   13: .i. ataóa   14: .i. indí thessei[1]   15: .i. accusatiuus .i. patronimici .i. inna scipdiu[2] . pro scipio­nidas quia scipio­nidas debuit dicere   16: .i. in­engraicc anmmae aither­rech­taigthi	[ 82 ] P. 30 b 1. i.e. the facticious, i.e. nomen etc.   3. tinn-tin, the sound from which tinti­nabulum is formed.   4. i.e. absolved, from the addition of another noun to it to express its meaning.   5. i.e. the meaning of the genitive of the primitive noun with the addition to it of filius or nepos, this is what is (found) in the patro­nymic[3].   8. i.e. a name signify­ing kindred, this is with the Latins in lieu of the patro­nymics with the Greeks.   11. i.e. of the family of Cornelius or Marcellus.   12. i.e. sons and grandsons etc.: it is clear in this place that a patro­nymic goes further than sons and grandsons etc.   13. i.e. who are younger.   16. i.e. in place of a patro­nymic noun[4].
the h is written above the t the second i is written above the d cf. Sg. 32a1 cf. Sg. 32a1
[ 83 ] P. 31a inuenimus apud Latinos usurpata, ut ‘Emilianus Scipio2’ pro Emelii filius, et ‘Octa­uianus Caesar3.’ In­ueniuntur quaedam nomina formae4 patrony­micorum signifi­catione denomi­natiua5, ut ‘Euripides’ non Euripi filius sed ab Eurupo6 sic nominatus est. Et in omnibus fere speciebus nominum7 inuenimus eiusdem formae etiam propria, quae8 tamen amittunt appella­tiuorum signifi­cationem, ut ‘magnus9’ adiec­tiuum et proprium… ..abusiue etiam a matribus…patronymica solere formari, ut ‘Latonides’ id est Latonois[1], id est Latonae, filius Apollo10, et ‘Iliades,’ Iliae filius Romulus11. Ab auis quoque maternis12.… ‘Inachides13’ filius Ionis Epaphus14, quae filia fuit Inachi15.
[ 83 ] P. 31a [2]2: .i. inscip emelendae .i. macc emelii   3: .i. in caesar octa­uienda .i. octauiani filius fuit caesar ⁊ non est filius octauiae adeilb atreib­thig arberar an­aither­rechthe ⁊ pro patronymico híc est   4: .i. in des   5: .i. derét ailiu ro­ainm­nichthe .i. de­ainmm­nichthi .i. ab aliis nominibus ⁊ non a nominibus patronymicis   6: .i. diairisin[3] doratad foir anainmm sin ar[4] issed laithe insin ro­ṅgenair­som ní airindi roṅgenad som isind luc sin · · ·   7: bíit anmmann dílsi hicach ṅdeilb ⁊ hicach tarm­orcenn imbiat anmmann do­acald­macha ·   8: .i. intan ata ṅdílsi   9: .i. már .i. magnus ciuis   10. .i. ishé apoill insin   11: .i. ishé romuil   12: .i. huathraib amáthar   13: .i. ind inachda   14: .i. ishé epachus insin   15: .i. athair amáthar inachus	[ 83 ] P. 31a 2. i.e. the Aemilian Scipio i.e. son of Aemilius.   3. i.e. the Octavian Caesar i.e. Caesar was son of Octavi­anus, etc. From the posses­sive form the patro­nymic is derived, and it is here for the patro­nymic.   5. i.e. from another thing they have been named, i.e. denomi­natives etc.   6. i.e. ’tis therefore that name was given to him (Euripides), because that is the day on which he was born, not because he was born in that place.   7. there are proper nouns into every type and into every termi­nation into which there are appel­lative nouns.   8. i.e. when they are proper.   10. i.e. that is Apollo.   11. i.e. it is Romulus.   12. i.e. from their mother's fathers.   14. i.e. that is Epaphus.   15. i.e. Inachus was his mother’s father.
recte Λητοῦς Ascoli’s 1. ‑ani is the ending of octauiani in the next line leg. isairisin. Or, if we read is di airisin, translate “’tis from history (airisin, abl. sg. of airisiu, gen. airissen Sg. 106b15) that this name was given him”; cf. the preceding gloss: de rét ailiu ro ainm­nigthe The MS. has the siglam for Lat. quia
[ 83 ] P. 31b A regibus sine a conditoribus ‘Thessidae1’ ‘Cecropidae2,’ id est ‘Atheni­enses’; ‘Aeneadae3,’ Romulidae4,5, id est Romani6 tum pendere poenas Cecropidae iussi7. [ 84 ] Aeneadae in ferrum pro libertate8 ruebant… subitoque nouum consurgere9 bellum . . A fratribus ‘Phetontides10,’ unde femininum ‘Phetontis11.’ ‘Pheton­tiadas’ tamen dixit pro ‘Pheton­tidas’ poetica licentia12. Sunt igitur patronymicorum formae apud Graecos tres: in ‘des’ quae dicitur communis apud illos13, quod in omni sermone possunt hac uti14… Nam in[1] aliis duobus non utuntur, id est in ‘ων’ terminata, quae est propria linguae Iadis15—‘Πελείων16’ pro ‘Pelides[2]17’— et in ‘adios’ quae est ‘Eolica18’ ut ‘Phir­radios19’… De hac igitur forma20 dicendum est… ..nam ‘Aenides’ magis contra regulam auctoritate poetica posuit Virgilius, e et a correptas in i productam con­uertens, uel quasi ab ‘Aeneus’ ‘Aenides21’ sicut a ‘Peleus’ ‘Pelides22’..
[ 83 ] P. 31b 1: .i. inthesedi[3] a theseo rege atheni­ensium   2: .i. cicrops dorósat incathraig ⁊ dichlaind thessei dóib .i. digrecaib dóib huili   3: .i. ind­æneedai   4: .i. romoldai 5: Romuil doḟorsat in­cathraig óæneas rocinnset ind romain   6: .i. romándi huili   7: .i. amtarforṅgarti [ 84 ]8: .i. dochumtúth[4] asóere   9: .i. bat   10: .i. infetontide .i. frater fetontis .i. aither­recht­aigthe masculindae obrathir   11: .i. tre indarpae · de · as in mascul   12: .i. issí poetica licentia and tormach inna á · tantum ⁊ nífil imchloud cenéiuil nadiill and ut erratici putant .i. mael ⏑ ⁊ cua ⏑ 13: .i. docach bélru fil lagrecu ⁊ docach ceníul   14: .i. forma in des ·   15: .i. in cheniuil sin 16: .i. inpélecdae pelei filius   17: .i. dogluaiss ar is meinciu dúnni an­aither­rech­taigthe in des ·   18: .i. eolensta   19: inphirde   20: in des   21: .i. ba­riagolda anainmmsin[5] arachúl[6] manubed[7] quia non fit do anmimm díles   22: .i. Amal bid cognomen do aeneus ⁊ nirbu cognomen challéic acht darigni amin síc peleus reliqua	[ 83 ] P. 31b 1. i.e. the Theseids etc.   2. i.e. Cecrops has built the city, and of the children of Theseus were they, i.e. of the Greeks were they all.   5. Romulus has built the city : from Aeneas the Romans have descended.   6. i.e. Romans all.   7. i.e. when they were ordered.   [ 84 ]8. i.e. to preserve (?) their freedom.   9. ….   10. i.e. the Phetontid, i.e. the brother of Pheton, i.e. a masculine patro­nymic from (the name of) a brother.   11. i.e. through ejecting ‑de from the masculine.   12. i.e. this is the poetic license there, the adding of the a only, and there is no change of gender or declen­sion in it, as the blunder­ers, i.e. Mael… and Cua… suppose.   13. i.e. to every dialect among the Greeks, and to every nation.   15. i.e. of that nation.   16. i.e. the Pelidian.   17. i.e. (he adds Pelides) for a gloss, for the patro­nymic in ‑des is more familiar to us.   21. i.e. that name (Aeneus) would be regular behind it (Aeneades), if it existed, for it is not found as[8] a proper name.   22. i.e. As though Aeneus were cognomen to it (Aeneides), and yet it was not cognomen, but (the poet) made it thus: so (is) Peleus etc.
om. in MS. peliades, with punctum delens under a MS. inthesidi with ed over id with cumtúth (from com-ud-túth) cf. Lat. tueor, tūto, tūtor? MS. anaimmsin commonly iarnachúl, but cf . Sg. 112b3 cf. Ml. 30b4 cf. Sg. 78a2, 91b1, 104b5
[ 84 ] P. 32a ..fecit autem ‘Anchisiades’ quasi ab ‘Anchisios1’ nominatiuo [ 85 ]quomodo ‘Lertios2 Lertiades’ … ‘Πηλεὺς Πηλέως[1] Peleïdes’3; et per sineresin4 e et i in ei diph­thongum proferunt paenul­timam. Inde Promethides5 placidis Epimethida6 dictis. ‘Deucalides6a’ pro ‘Deucalionides,’ et ‘Scipiades’ pro ‘Scipio­nides7’… ‘Demades’ per sinarisin8 pro ‘Demeades’… ‘Euerides’ etiam et ‘Lyco­medides’ apud Graecos contra regulam9 paenul­timam dip­thongum habent…
[ 84 ] P. 32a 1. .i. amal nobed nochní fail aria inoensillaib forbeir an­aither­recht­aigthe[2] sech acognomen nísin manubed indib sem[3] sillabaib immurgu forbeir sechaní as anchises · · · [ 85 ]2: .i. riagolson immurgu   3: .i. dosoither os in ides · ɔdéni peleídes iarum pelídes iarsuidiu ·   4: .i. tre­accomol   5: .i. in­promi­thide .i. horminis   6: .i. inní epimethis   6a: .i. deocalion   7: .i. inscipdae   8: .i. tresan­acomol inddá aimm­serda indd gutae   9: .i. ar nífil deogur isnaib cogno­minibus · huataat ·	[ 84 ] P. 32a 1. i.e. as if it were, yet it is not, for by one syllable the patro­nymic increases beyond that cognomen, if it existed. By two syllables, however it increases beyond Anchises. [ 85 ]2. i.e. this, however, is a rule.   3. i.e. ‑ôs is changed into ‑ides so that it makes Peleides after­wards, and after this Pelides.   6. i.e. the Epimethis (in the accu­sative).   8. i.e. through the combi­nation of the two tempo­ralities of the two vowels.   9. i.e. for there is no diphthong in the cognomina from which they are.
MS. peleυϲ peleωϲ pelides aitheirechtaigthe ita fictum videtur ut paterno iuri proprium (athr-recht) i.e. patro­nomicum signi­ficaret, Asc. Gl. 50. The glossator may have derived the latter part of patrony­micus from νόμος. Hence the recht leg. manubed sem · indib
[ 85 ] P. 32b ..si masculina i longam habuerunt ante ‘des’ per sinarisin1, apud Latinos in ‘eis’ diuisas tamen faciunt feminina.. In ‘né2’ autem desinentia quae sunt Iadis linguae3, patronymica eiusdem generis i longam habent paenul­timam, si princi­pale4 non habuerit eandem i uoealem… Acrisioneis Dan[a]e5 fundasse colonis6, ab Acrisione7, id est Dan[a]e8. Et sciendum, quod inueniuntur [ 86 ]multa eiusdem formae gentilia9, ut … ‘Colchis10,’ ‘Argolis11,’ ‘Ciclasias[1]12,’ ‘Troias13’ … Alia uero propria14, ut ‘Bachis’.. Possessiuum est, quod cum genetiuo principalis15 significat…
[ 85 ] P. 32b 1: .i. treaccomul · e · i indeogur   2: Ní huaitherrechtaigthib mascu­lindaib bíit inna aitherrech­taigthi in ne · acht is ó cogno­minibus   3: .i. in­cheníuil­sin   4: .i. acognomen hombí   5: .i. daua as maith li­alaailiu and ní fitemmar can doberr   6: .i. hunaib[2] aitreb­thidib acrision­daib a­mmuntar­sidi adrothreb­si lee ithe conrót­gatar in­cathraig ·   7: .i. uand aither­rech­taigthiu atá an­aitreb­thach .i. acrisi­oneus ishé aḟoxlaid ilair sidi fil sunt ·   8: .i. apropir son [ 86 ]9: .i. anmann inchoisc cenéuil   10: .i. colchia .i. in colchelda[3]   11: .i. argi .i. in grecda   12: .i. in­ciclasta[4]   13: .i. in­troianda   14: propiri dílsi aní siu di­aitherech­taigthib[5] .i. ɔecat beta propiri ⁊ beta naither­rech­taigthi · ·   15: .i. inchétnidi huambí anaitrebthach	[ 85 ] P. 32 b 1. i.e. by the combination of e and i in a diphthong.   2. Not from masculine patro­nymics are the (feminine) patro­nymics in ‑ne, but from cognomina.   3. i.e. of that nation.   4. i.e. the cognomen from which it comes.   5. i.e. (’tis) daua that some like here; we know not whence it is brought.   6. i.e. by the Acrisi­onian inhabi­tants ; her folk whom she (Danae) had (lit. possessed) with her, ’tis they that built the city (of Ardea).   7. i.e. from the patro­nymic (Acrisione) comes the posses­sive, i.e. Acrisi­oneus: it is its ablative plural which is here.   8. i.e. that is her proper name. [ 86 ]9. i.e. names signifying race.   10. i.e. the Colchian.   11. i.e. the Grecian.   12. i.e. the Cyclasian.   13. i.e. the Trojan.   14. this is strictly proper names as appel­latives: they can be proper and be patro­nymics.   15. i.e. of the primitive from which is the posses­sive.
recte ‘Cyclas,’ ‘Ias’ rectius huanaib seems corrupt; in­chol­chedde PCr. 12b rectius in­chic­lastae cf. p. 84, note g
[ 86 ] P. 33 a .. patronymica filios uel nepotes significant, possessiua autem non solum filios, sed omnia quae possunt esse in posesione1. Fiunt igitur posses­siua uel a nominibus, ut ‘Caesar2 Cæsareus3’​…​et uel mobilia sunt, ut ‘Martius4 Martia Martium’ uel fixa5, ut ‘sacrarium6,’ ‘armarium7,’ ‘donarium8.’ Possessiua autem dicimus…quae formam habent possesiuorum9. Sunt enim quaedam gentilia similem posses­siuis habentia formam, ut ‘Romanus’ ciuis gentile10 et ‘Romanus’ ager posesiuum11, quaedam autem eadem et propria et gentilia et possesiua12, ut … ‘Latinus’ ciuis13 et ‘Latinus’ ager14; alia tantum­modo propria15 formae [ 87 ]sessiuae16, ut ‘Quinti­lianus17,’ .. ‘Iulianus’; alia loco patrony­micorum posita…ut ‘Emilianus18’ Scipio .. Ex eadem forma19 agnomina19a quoque multa inuenies, ut ‘Africanus20,’ ‘Persicus21’ … Alia autem sunt eiusdem diriua­tionis22 quae ex materia princi­palium23 constare signifi­cantur…alia ex morbis, ut ‘cardiacus24’; alia a profes­sionibus25, ut ‘mechan­nicus26, 27,’ ‘gramma­ticus28’; alia a disci­plinis, ut ‘Aristo­telicus29,’ ‘Socra­ticus30,’ ‘retho­ricus31’; alia quae primi­tiuorum similem possunt habere signifi­cationem32,
[ 86 ] P. 33 a 1: .i. aní atreba leiss   2: .i. asoirc cách   3: .i. airindi atreba æsorcuin[1]   4: .i. air indi atreba leiss adrad martis ·  5: .i. cenḟodail ceneuil   6: .i. sanctáir · arindí · atreba rétu nóiba and ·   7: .i. scrín airindí atreba arma and ·   8: .i. airindí atreba máini indi ·   9: .i. ar chuit tarm­orcenn ·   10: .i. coitchen ⁊ chenelach docach cathrur di­romanaib   11: .i. atir romanach[2] arindí atrebat romáin and   12: .i. conecat atredesin ·   13: .i. cach fer dichlaind latin[3]   14: .i. air indí atrebat laitnóri and   15: .i. archuit tairm­orcenn ⁊ non possesiua reliqua · [ 87 ]16: [in marg.] Aliter tantummodo propria .i. nicumcat bete gentilia ɔecat immurgu bete possisiua ⁊ propria ·   17: .i. cos­mailius dirrudigthi   18: .i. emiléndae .i. emelii filius .i. amal bid emelides nobed and   19: .i. possesiua   19a: arbertar as noén­tarm­oirciunn[4] .i. aitrebthacha ⁊ agnomina   20: .i. ar indí atreba afraicc ⁊ reliqua   21: .i. air indí atreba persiam ⁊ reliqua   22: .i. fri aitreb­dacha ꝉ possissiua   23: .i. primi­tiuorum hua­ndir­rudi­geddar   24: .i. ar indí atreba cardiacam[5] genus doloris[6]   25: .i. huaḟóisitnib inna ṅdáne frisgniat ⁊ ataimet   26: , 27: .i. arindí atreba indánsin · ind ḟiss asberar michanicé .i. sechta ·   28: .i. air indí atreba indán inna litredachte   29: .i. ar indí atreba bésu aristotil   30: .i. air indí atreba besu socráit   31: .i. air indi atreba sulbairi   32: afolad[7]	[ 86 ] P. 33 a 1. i.e. that which he possesses.   2. i.e. who destroys every one.   3. i.e. because he possesses destruc­tion.   4. i.e. because he possesses the worship of Mars.   5. i.e. without distinc­tion of gender.   6. i.e. sanctuary: because it possesses holy things therein.   7. i.e. an armoury, because it possesses arms therein.   8. i.e. because it possesses treasures therein.   9. i.e. as regards termi­nations.   10. i.e. common and general to every citizen of the Romans.   11. i.e. the Roman territory, because Romans dwell there.   12. i.e. they can be these three things.   13. i.e. every man of the Children of Latinus.   14. i.e. because Latins dwell there.   15. i.e. as regards termi­nations, and they are not posses­sives, etc. [ 87 ]16. i.e. Otherwise tantummodo propria; they cannot be gentilia, but they may be posses­siva and propria.   17. i.e. simi­larity of a deriv­ative,   18. i.e. Aemilian, i.e. son of Aemilius as if Aemilides were there.   19. i.e. posses­siva.   19a. they are expressed by the same termi­nation, i.e. posses­sives and agnomina.   20. i.e. because he possesses Africa etc.   21. i.e. because he possesses Persia etc.   22. i.e. as posses­sives.   23. i.e. of the primi­tives from which they are derived.   24. i.e. because he has cardiaca, a kind of pain.   25. i.e. from profes­sions of the arts which they practise and profess.   26, 27. i.e. because he possesses that art, of the science called mêchanicê.   28. i.e. because he possesses the art of liter­ature.   29. i.e. because he possesses the character of Aristotle.   30. i.e. because he possesses the character of Socrates.   31. i.e. because he possesses eloquence.   32. their substance.
the scribe wrote asorcuin, and then altered the a to æ n over the line, the first a under it cf. ingen latin (gl. Lauinia) Sg. 38a 14 cf. far nóeṅ deilb Sg. 90b2, 201b6 MS. cardiam genus doloris ist von ganz andern Hand hinüber die Glosse geschrie­ben, Thurney­sen MS. afolaid, with punctum delens over i
[ 87 ] P. 33b ut ‘Tracius’ pro ‘Trax1.’ … ‘Libycus,’ quod solum y ante ‘cus’ habens inuenitur quod a prin­cipali2 accepit. … ‘mulio mulionis3 mulio­nicus4,’ Cicero pro Sestio[1]: mulio­nicam paenolam5. [ 88 ].. ‘illigneus6,’ tamen et ‘iliceus7’ dicitur: Terentius in Adelphis: Lectulos … illigneis pedibus8. Statius in sexto Thebaidos: Ornique iliceaeque trabes9 metuendaque10 suco Taxus11. ‘marmoreus12’ … ‘quernus13,’ ‘colurnus14’ … ‘faginus15’; e uero longam ‘spondeus16,’ ‘Phoebeus17’ … o:
[ 87 ] P. 33b 1: .i. son[2] lán ⁊ delb aitrebthaig oṡun   2: .i. ón bunud .i. libya   3: .i. custos mulorum .i. echaire   4: air indí atreba múlu   5: .i. in echlas múldae [ 88 ]6: .i. ilignide · de nomine fedo .i. illigum nomen arboris   7: .i. ilecde · ilex nomen arboris   8: huanaib cosaib hilig­nidib   9: .i. innatrosta ilecdi   10: .i. isaichthi   11: .i. ind ibair báis neimnich ·   12: indí[3] atreba marmair   13: dairde quia fit quercus reliqua   14: .i. collde quia fit colyrus coll   15: fagde fagus   16: toxalde arindí atreba toxal and .i. fot[4]   17: .i. phebus	[ 87 ] P. 33b 1. i.e. a full sound, and the form of a posses­sive from (the) sound.   2. i.e. from the origin i.e. Libya.   3. i.e. horse­keeper.   4. because he possesses mules.   5. i.e. the mules’ horse­cloth (?). [ 88 ]6. i.e. ilignian, from the name of a tree.   7. i.e. ilician, (from) ilex etc.   8. from the ilignian feet.   9. i.e. the ilician beams.   10. i.e. it is to be feared.   11. i.e. the deadly poisonous yews[5].   12. because it possesses marble.   16. drawn (?), because it possesses drawing[6] (?) therein i.e. length.
MS. Sesio Ascoli and Windisch read nō (i.e. nomen); ein ver­kümmertes n scheint mir paläo­graphisch wahr­schein­licher, Thurney­sen leg. arindí Ascoli prints fot as the beginning of gloss 33b17 The glossator supposed taxus to be in the nom. pl. cf. toxal na tromsluag SR. 5318; tóxal (gl. uerri­culum) Sg. 53b4; probably from to-fo-com-sal‑. Cf. nam spondeus tractus quidam, id est sonus, qui funde­batur circa aures sacrifi­cantium. Isid. iii. 25
[ 88 ] P. 34a ‘aerous[1]1,’ ‘Eous2,’ … more Ionio3. Italides4, quas ipsa decus sibi dia Camella. 5Nam primitiuum ‘Chius’ corripitur… Aret Lerna6 nocens7, aret Lyrcius[2] et ingens Inachus.
[ 88 ] P. 34a 1: .i. arindí atreba nert   2: .i. arindí atreba airther quia fit eos .i. oriens   3: grecdu   4: .i. inna etaldai .i. larina ⁊ tulla   5: .i. ní cumma limm ⁊ anaitrebthach quia producit   6: loth   7: erchoi­tech	[ 88 ] P. 34a 1. i.e. because he possesses strength.   2. i.e. because he possesses the east, quia etc.   3. Greek.   4. i.e. the Italian women.   5. i.e. I do not deem it identical with the posses­sive, because it lengthens (the i).   6. mud[3].
leg. herous MS. lirceus lerna paludes aquae ubi fuit ydra serpens qui multa capita habuit, Corp. Gloss. Lat. iv. 254
[ 88 ] P. 34b Nec mirum, nam tu infaustos1 donante marito Ornatus Argia geris. … Ionas2 …
[ 88 ] P. 34b 1: míchlothaigthi   2: .i. aicmae digrecaib	[ 88 ] P. 34b 1. ill-famed.   2. i.e. a tribe of Greeks.
[ 88 ] P. 35a … ‘stlataria1’ … alia ab officiis2, ut ‘tabellarius3,’ ‘mercinarius.’… [ 89 ]alia a digni­tatibus, ut ‘praefec­torius4’ … ‘censorius5’ … ut ‘collarium6’ quod in collo est, ‘plan­tarium7’ quod in planta8 … ‘motaria9’ quod in motu est et ‘palmarium10’ quod in palma, hoc est in laude; de quibus sunt, ut ‘frumen­taria11’ lex de frumento … ‘uinaria cella12’ quae uinum habet, et ‘armamen­tarium12’ in quo arma posita sunt,
[ 88 ] P. 35a 1: .i. stlata .i. ethar   2: .i. atrebat ní triatimdirecht amal atreba in­fochrach aḟocraicc · ·   3: tablaire .i. tabella [ 89 ]4: .i. immscerde   5: .i. cístae .i. qui censum praerogat   6: .i. ammuinde .i. muince ꝉ slabrad   7: acclantae   8: hi claidi   9: a­cum­scaigthe   10: .i. aní atreba búaid ꝉ molad   11: .i. recht frecoir chéill cruith­nechtae[1]   12: .i. cuile finda airindí ɔgaib fín ꝉ ubi uinum uenditur ut beda ·   13: .i. loc imbiat arma arindí ɔṅgaib arma	[ 88 ] P. 35a 1. i.e. (from) stlata i.e. a boat.   2. i.e. they possess somewhat through their service, as the mercenary hath his pay. [ 89 ]6. i.e. that which belongs to a neck i.e. a collar or chain.   8. in a digging.   9. that which is moved.   10. i.e. that which has victory or praise.   11. i.e. the law of cultivat­ing wheat.   12. i.e. a wine-cellar, because it contains wine, vel etc.   13. i.e. a place wherein are arms, because it contains arms.
The glossator supposed that the lex frumentaria was made for the encourage­ment of agri­culture, and glossed according­ly
[ 89 ] P. 35b sic ‘uiolarium1’ ‘rosarium2,’ ‘uiri­darium3.’ … ‘Pompeianus4’ … ‘Romanus5’ … ‘Rubrenus6,’ ‘Anienus7,’ unde Virgilius: Aniena8 fluenta. … in his quae ab arboribus deri­uantur, ut ‘oleaginus9’ … … ‘colurnus10,’ ‘ficulnus11,’ ‘pópulnus12.’ Potest tamen et hoc [sc. ‘Romanus’] et pene omnes huiuscemodi formae nominum propri­orum quoque habere signifi­cationes13. …‘Coruinus14’
[ 89 ] P. 35b 1: .i. scotae .i. uiola   2: .i. bróinde ꝉ rostae .i. derosa dindluib find[1] .i. luib derc   3: húrda .i. uiridis   4: .i. seruus .i. mug atreba poimp leiss   5: airindí atreba romam   6: dercaide quia fit rubra   7: aniendae dianmmaim indṡrotho asberr anien[2]   8: aniendai   9: olegende   10: coldde quia fit corylus nomen arboris   11: ficuldae ficulnia   12: pópulus .i. nomen fedo   13: .i. dogníter anmannn dilsi diib amal doṅgnither[3] dindhí as romanus cinid airi doberr desim­recht acht ar a­trebthach nand   14: .i. fiach	[ 89 ] P. 35b 1. i.e. belonging to violets.   2. i.e. belonging to dew[4] or belonging to a rose, i.e. de rosa from the white plant i.e. a red plant.   4. i.e. a servant whom Pompey possesses.   5. because he inhabits Rome.   6. reddish.   7. of the Anio: from the name of the river called Anio.   12. pōpulus i.e. name of a tree.   13. i.e. proper names are formed from them (posses­sives), as is formed from Romanus, although not for this is (the example) Romanus given, but for the posses­sive therein.   14. i.e. a crow.
MS. fin; .i. luib derc bedeutet wohl correctur des versehens luib fin[d], das darum nicht ausge­schrieben ist, Thurney­sen Ascoli amen. Man kann ebensogut anien also amen lesen, Thurney­sen the ṅ and h over the line a derivative from bróin; rosarium is alternatively explained from ros
[ 89 ] P. 36a …alia a temporibus ut ‘matutinus1’ a matuta2, quae [ 90 ]Auroram significat, uel, ut quidam Λευκοθέαν3 … ‘antelucanus4’ … alia a mutis animalibus, ut … ‘anserinus5’; alia a materia ex qua constant, ut ‘humanus6’' .. alia a numeris .. It grauis Auletes centenaque7 arbore[1] fluctum Verberat assurgens… …‘capsa8 capsanus’[2]… De ‘mustelino9’ .. paulo post tractabitur.
[ 89 ] P. 36a 1: .i. fuinide [man. alt.] mane uigilans beda   2: fuin [ 90 ]3: .i. issain doḟoirṅde són frisinroithnigud   4: remdedólte   5: anser .i. gigrann   6: húrde   7: .i. cét rámæ fuiri   8: comrar   9: mustela[3] .i. ness mús longa mustellinus	[ 89 ] P. 36a 1. i.e. belonging to evening.   2. evening. [ 90 ]3. i.e. what this (Λευκοθέα) signifies, is different from radiance.  7. i.e. a hundred oars in it.
MS. ab arbore recte Compsa Compsanus MS. mustélla, with punctum delens over the first l
[ 90 ] P. 36b Similiter a habent ea, quae deriuantur a nominibus in ‘cus’ uel in ‘cuius’ desinentibus, quae sunt ultra duas sillabas1 ut ‘rusticus rusticanus…’ Excipitur a masculo2 quod est dimminutiuum maris, ‘masculinus’ factum3 … ‘tolletum tollitanus[1]4’ …
[ 90 ] P. 36b 1: .i. mad desillabach níbbá inanus regaid intdiruidigud   2: .i. más · masculus húad   3: anasforcmid[2]   4: .i. esgal[3] ꝉ tenlach .i. census quod tollitur[4]	[ 90 ] P. 36b 1. i.e. if (the noun) be disyllabic, the derivation will not end in ‑anus.   2. i.e. mas: masculus (is derived) from it.   3. when it is made.
recte Toletum Toletanus leg. anas forcmachte cf. indesgal Ml. 96b 11 cf. Ducange s.v. tolletum: the Latin words are in a later hand
[ 90 ] P. 37a … ‘lucina1’ .. … ‘follis2’ … … ‘macer3’ .. ‘libertus4’ … ‘rufus5’ .. Excipiuntur6 ab ‘humo’ ‘humanus’ … nam7 quod a Taurominio ‘Taurominitanus8’ dicimus, sequimur Graecos, qui ‘Taurominites’ dicunt. Gentilia9 enim apud Graecos in ‘της’ desinentia …
[ 90 ] P. 37a 1: taitnem   2: bolc   3: séim   4: sóermug   5: .i. proprium ꝉ derc   6: hua anmanaib in us   7: marg. l. Archiunn   8: .i. ní exceptaid linn són sed regula   9. cenelcha	[ 90 ] P. 37a 1. splendor.   5. i.e. a proper name, or red.   6. from nouns in ‑us.   8. i.e. we do not deem this an exception,
[ 90 ] P. 37b …‘aper1, aprinus2,’ ‘caper3 caprinus,’ ‘ceruus ceruinus4’ … ‘taurus taurinus5,’ ‘ferus6’ .. ‘leporinus7’ … ‘ouinus8’ … ‘suinus9’… …‘unus ullus10, una ulla11, unum ullum,’ ‘bonus bellus12’… …‘mediastinus13’… ‘Fiscina14’…‘fuscina15’ … an fiscus16 a ‘fiscina17’ [ 91 ]an neutrum a neutro18 dubium est19. Nam nec ‘fuscina20’ a fusco nec ‘pagina’ a pago21 nec ‘Mutina’ a muto22…deriuata…paen­ultimam corri­puerunt.
[ 90 ] P. 37b 1: torc allid   2: torcde   3: gabor   4: damde   5: tarbde   6: .i. best   7: patnide   8: cáirchuide   9: mucde   10: oenán   11: oénnat   12: sainemlan   13: medón tairismid ꝉ gabaltaid   14: ainches   15: áel   16: cís   17: fá innadíxnigedar cechtarde [ 91 ]18: .i. onechtar nái   19: fá innád fail nechtarde hualaliu   20: gae gona éisc ut romani dicunt [in marg.] tridens neptuni quod graeci fuscinam dicunt   21: ofích   22: o amlabar	[ 90 ] P. 37b 1. a wild boar.   13. standing in the middle or holding the middle (medóngabáltaid)[1].   14. a basket.   17. or whether it is not each of the two. [ 91 ]18. i.e. from either of the two.   19. or whether it is not that one of them is from the other.   20. a spear for killing fish, ut etc.
mediastinus seems to be taken as in medio stans or medium tenens
[ 91 ] P. 38a ..illa scilicet obseruata regula, quam superius in mutis anima­libus diximus; ideo et ‘anser anserinus1’ dicimus … ‘heri’ alter­nitatis2 causa ‘hesternus3’… In ‘teria’ etiam desi­nentia4 faciunt deriuatum similiter: ‘Fabra­teria5 Fabra­ternus’ ‘Sabra­teria6 Sabra­ternus,’ ‘aetas’ quoque ‘aeternus’ … ‘Vetus’ praeterea ‘ueternus7’ facit, non solum ‘ueteranus,’ sed diuersas habent signifi­cationes8. ‘Quercus9’ etiam quernus10,’ ‘corylus11 ‘colurnus12’’ … ‘mensis mensurnus13’ … … ‘Lauinia14’ …
[ 91 ] P. 38a 1: .i. cesu · in · er theit[1] .. is .. í ante us and uare as nomen animalis   2: .i. ailidetad dechuir fri · aeternus ar bahed bariagol heri heternus   3: .i. déthenachde   4: .i. inna hí conosnat in teria   5: tolnaid ꝉ cumtach   6: .i. iṅgor   7: .i. arbrici chomarle cid óac induine   8: .i. atá dechor netarru diblínaib   9: daur   10: daurde   11: coll   12: colde   13: místae   14: ingen latin	[ 91 ] P. 38a 1. i.e. though it is in ‑er that it ends, it is i before ‑us there, because it is the name of an animal.   2. i.e. (for sake of) alter­nation, (i.e.) of distinc­tion from aeternus, for this should be the rule heri hesternus.   4. i.e. those that end in ‑teria.   5. an artificer or a building.   6. i.e. an anchor.   7. i.e. for versa­tility of counsel, though the person be young.   8. i.e. there is a differ­ence between them both.   14. daughter of Latinus.
The ‘aspiration’ of the initial t here is irregular
[ 91 ] P. 38b Abusiue1 tamen poetae pro ‘Dardanio2’ posuerunt ‘Dardanum.’ Si uero ante ‘ia’ aliam conso­nantem habuerint3, i longam habent ab eis deriuata ante ‘nus’… …Tripo­lites4 ‘Tripo­litanus.’ Similiter a Carilibus5 {uel Caralibus} ‘Caralitanus’… …‘priuignus6,’ ‘Pelignus7.’ Quamuis igitur .. diuersas habent significationes8 supra dictae [ 92 ]formae nomina tamen haec quoque inter posses­siuorum species posuimus. …‘pedester9’…
[ 91 ] P. 38b 1: .i. arhuatigud sillab   2: dardánde   3: manip · n ·   4: trechatharde   5: caralis[1] nomen ciuitatis pluralis combed caralites lagrecu ⁊ carali­tanus linni   6: .i. les macc .i. prius genitus   7: .i. tudraich­thid ꝉ grec   8: .i. cachladrécht diib is atrab alaill ní atrab cidnahí atá aitreb­thacha[2] isinrecht[3] dano anatrab nisin [ 92 ]9: pedes traigthech	[ 91 ] P. 38b 1. i.e. for fewering syllables.   3. unless it be n.   5. Caralis the name of the city (used as) a plural, (its deriv­ative) would be Caralites with the Greeks and Carali­tanus with us.   7. i.e. seducer (paelex), or (it is) Greek (Pelignus).   8. i.e. one of the two portions of them is posses­sion, the other (is) not posses­sion, even those that are posses­sives. Illegiti­mate (inrecht) then is that posses­sion. [ 92 ]
MS. ɫa/carilis MS. aitreb­thatha leg. is indrecht ‘Even those that are posses­sives that posses­sion is in a portion’ (?). J.S.
[ 92 ] P. 39a Comparatiuum est, quod cum possitiui intellectu1 uel cum aliquo2 participe3 sensu possitiui4 ‘magis’ aduerbium signi­ficat, ut ‘fortior’ magis fortis, ‘sapien­tior’ magis sapiens, ‘ulterior5’ 6magis ultra7 quam ille qui ultra est8, ‘interior9’ magis intra quam ille qui intus est. Hae autem compa­rationes10 quae ad personas11 uel res parti­cipes12 positiui fiunt, nascuntur a dicti­onibus caren­tibus casu13, id est a uerbis, ut ‘detero deteris deterior14,’ et ab aduerbiis siue praeposi­tionibus, ut ‘extra exterior15,’ ‘intra interior16’ ‘ultra17 ulterior,’ ‘citra18 citerior19,’ ‘supra superior,’ ‘infra inferior’: nam ‘superus’ et ‘inferus,’ quamuis uideantur eorum, id est ‘supe­rioris20’ et ‘infe­rioris21’ esse possitiua, tamen in usu ‘superi’ pro caeles­tibus22 siue uiuis23 ‘inferi’ autem pro manibus24 accipi solent. Adeo25 autem non ad ipsa aduerbia, sed ad personas uel res parti­cipes aduerbi­orum26 huius­ce­modi fiunt compa­rationes, quod nascuntur ex his ipsis aduerbia [ 93 ]compa­ratiua, quae cum ‘magis27’ ipsum positiuum28 aduerbium significant29, ut ‘ulterius’ magis ultra… Deriuantur igitur comparatiua a nominibus adiectiuis, quae sumuntur30 ex acciden­tibus31 substan­tiae nominum. Acci­dentia autem sunt, quae ex qualitate32 uel quan­titate animi uel corporis uel extrin­secus forte eueni­entium trahuutur…
[ 92 ] P. 39a 1: .i. con intṡliucht posit ainmmdi   2: .i. sono · ɔalailiu fogoir[1]   3: rann­gabál­taith ꝉ rann­gabáldu   4: .i. sens posit ainmdi immurgu isindrainn ran­gabaldi   5: exemplum inso ara ran­gabalda asrubart   6: hire   7: .i. cian   8: cen magis friss   9: inmedónchu   10: inna comchutrum­maichthi­so   11: .i. do­persanaib beodaib[2] ithé sidi ɔṅdelg­gaddar do­persanaib   12: .i. do rétaib marbdaib són   13: neph­dilled­chaib   14: olcc   15: immech­trach   16: inmedónach   17: cian   18: centarach   19: centarchu   20: indí as superior   21: indí as inferior   22: dé nemdai són   23: nó dé bithbí ꝉ ité uiui · indóini bí   24: Ardéib iffirnn   25: inmar .i. ní ar indí nombetis cid inbiucc · asbeir sem inmár · acht isarindí nadbiat etir   26: .i. inna­ṅdo­briathar[3] asanairberar cumaṅg ainmmde ⁊ hua­ṅgainetar compa­raiti [ 93 ]27: Com magis lasin posit nísin   28: asposit   29: .i. Sens magis ⁊ posit leiss issed bís isin­comparait[4] hisin inna­dobreithre··   30: forpersana   31: .i. huanaib tecmaiṅgthechaib   32: .i. inne maith ꝉ uilcc[5]	[ 92 ] P. 39a 1. i.e. with the signification of a nominal positive.   2. i.e. with some sound.   3. parti­cipator or parti­cipial.   4. i.e. (there is) however a meaning of a nominal positive in the parti­cipial part (of speech).   5. this is an example for the parti­cipial which he has mentioned.   8. without magis added to it.   10. these compa­rations.   11. i.e. to living persons: it is they who are compared to (other) persons.   12. i.e. to inanimate things.   13. indecli­nables.   14. evil.   22. that is, heavenly gods.   23. or ever-living gods, or they are the vivi, the living human beings.   24. for gods of hell.   25. greatly, i.e. he says ‘greatly,’ not that they are even in small measure, but because they do not exist at all.   26. i.e. of the adverbs from which a nominal force is drawn, and from which com­paratives are born. [ 93 ]27. with magis along with this positive.   28. which is positive.   29. i.e. the sense of magis and with it the positive, that is what exists in that com­parative of the adverb.   30. on persons.   31. i.e. from the acci­dentals.   32. i.e. the quality of good or of evil.
leg. fogur cf. dúli beodai, Sg. 117a 1 MS. ‑dobreth- rectius ‑chomparait MS. oilcc, with v written over o
[ 93 ] P. 39b Fiunt autem comparatiua… a uerbis: ‘detero1 deteris deterior,’ ‘potior2 poteris {uel potiris}’ ‘hic3’ et ‘haec potior3a’ et ‘hoc potius potioris[1]’: possumus tamen hoc etiam a nomine ‘potis4’ accipere, quamuis signi­ficatio alia5 esse uideatur. A participiis: ‘indulgens6 indulgentior’ … Sed quando com­parantur parti­cipia7, transeunt in nominum significationem8. Ab aduerbiis siue praepositionibus9, ut ‘extra exterior’… …localia sunt haec aduerbia siue prae­positio­nes, ex quibus com­paratiua nascuntnr nomina et paene haec10: ‘extra exterior’…uetus­tissimi tamen etiam ‘citer’ pro­tulisse inueni­untur. Cato de agna pascenda11: citer ager12 alligatus13 ad sacra14 erit. ‘Exter’ quoque inuenitur, ut Statius in xi Thebaidos: :Sed quid apud tales, quis nec sua pignora curae, :Exter15 honos? [ 94 ]Ex quo Virgilius in IIII: et nos fas extera16 quaerere regna.
[ 93 ] P. 36b 1: demecimm   2: .i. cumachtaigim quando uerbum cumachtach quando possitiuum   3: .i. ón bréthir asberr potior   3a: .i. cumacht­chu ·   4: .i. sain­samail[2]   5: sain   6: dilgadach   7: .i. itanmmann hisuidiu inna­rann­gabala   8: is afoluth   9: huare ɔecat andéde   10: .i. ata ní archiunn .i. sunt   11: dindínit bed ṡástai   12: .i. atír centarach ꝉ immechtrach ·   13: bid­cuimrechta ꝉ tecail[3] ꝉ dígen   14: dodéib   15: echtrann [ 94 ]16. hilar neutair	[ 93 ] P. 36b 2. i.e. (it means) I make myself master, when it is a verb, and powerful when (it is an adjective in the) positive.   3. i.e. from the verb potior.   3a. i.e. more powerful.   7. i.e. here the parti­ciples are nouns.   8. into the signi­fication.   9. because they can do the two things.   10. i.e. there is something ahead, i.e. here[4].   11. of the lamb which is to be full-fed.   12. i.e. the country on this side or on the outside.   13. it will be tied or chosen forth or…   14. to gods. [ 94 ]16. a neuter plural.
potissimus add. MS. MS. sainsemail, with a punctum delens and a over the e leg. tecailse but perhaps sunt is Latin, referring to haec
[ 94 ] P. 40a …‘penitus1 penitior2.’…in peniti­orem3 partem domus. …quamuis Graeci honoris causa suae gentis4 quam5 ratione ueritatis dicunt, non posse ad multos sui generis fieri compara­tionem6. Alii autem dicunt, banc esse rationem7, propter quam non utuntur tali compa­ratione8 quod9, cum ad plures sui generis fit compa­ratio10, super­latiuo possumus uti11, ut ‘fortis­simus Graecorum Achiles.’ Sed super­latiuus12 multo alios excellere signi­ficat, compa­ratiuus uero potest et paruo superan­tem demon­strare13, unde etiam diminu­tionem apud nos iure accipit: ‘maius­culus14’… Quid autem15, quod accidit16 inter tres uel quattuor uel plures, non tamen ad totum genus17 fieri compara­tionem et necesse est uti plurali18 suorum? Virgilius in I: Pigmalion scelere ante alios immanior omnes, ad omnes19 scele­ratos conferens20 Pigma­lionem compa­ratiuo est usus. Sunt igitur quae comparari possunt nomina uel secundae uel tertiae declina­tionis. Et si sint21 secundae, mobilia sunt…
[ 94 ] P. 40a 1: .i. pene · intus .i. inmedónach   2: inmedónchu ·   3: ba inmedónchu   4: fobíth soíre ceneiuil innangrec[1]   5: oldaas   6: ní derscaigi incomparit dihilib a­cheneiuil feissin ·   7: .i. isdliged ǽm andliged dogniat greíc isindi nad­dercsaigi in­comparit di hilib achenéuil feissin ·   8: .i. oder­scugud don­comparit[2] dihilib a­cheneiuil fessin   9: ol   10: ind­dærscugud són   11: Atá linn chænæ ní asa­narbaram dærscugud dineuch[3] dihilib achenéuil feissin .i. asuperlait ·   12: ol­priscien feissin   13: dærscugud dióen   14: máanu   15: cindas ṁbias iar­na­cétbuid sem ɔid gau dóibsem inchruth sin anasberat nadṁbed ad plures · ·   16: ol do­necmaiṅg   17: ní derscaigi dind huiliu cheneul is dihilib immurgu acheniuil feissin diroscai calléic   18: diróscai dihilib a­cheneiuil feisin   19: issed aplús insin   20: aconrodelgg   21: adas mabeit[4]	[ 94 ] P. 40a 3. which was more interior.   4. because of the nobility of the race of the Greeks.   6. the comparative does not surpass many of its own kind.   7. i.e. it is a law indeed, the law which the Greeks make in that the comparative does not surpass many of its own kind.   8. i.e. the surpassing by the comparative of many of its own kind.   10. that is, the surpassing.   11. we have besides something whereby we can express the surpassing by one of many of its own race, i.e. its superlative.   12. saith Priscian himself.   13. the surpassing of one.   15. how then will it be according to their opinion? so that they are wrong then when they say that there is no (comparison) ad plures.   17. it does not surpass the whole race: it is, however, many of its own kind that it surpasses for all that.   18. it surpasses many of its own kind.   19. (ad omnes) that is the plus (the ad plures).   20. when he has compared.   21. although they are.
MS. innagrec rectius ‑chomparit = doneuch cf. adas cia dagneo Wb. 3d 2
[ 95 ] P. 40b Et puto, hanc esse rationem, quod oportet compara­tiuum una syllaba uincere genetiuum positiui, nisi sint anomala1, ut ‘teneri tenerior2’…   necesse est inter duas uocales positam i transire in uim conso­nantis, quod in Latinis dictio­nibus semper fere patitur cum inter duas uocales inuenitur uim suam3 seruantes. Hoc autem ideo dixi, quia u post q uel post g posita saepe ante i hoc non facit4, quippe amittens uim suam, ut ‘nequior5’ ‘pinguior6,’ quod nisi fiat, con­tinguit … pares esse syllabas genetiuo positiui cum nomina­tiuo com­paratiui7 uel hiatum intolle­rabilem fieri tribus uocalibus per tres syllabas continue positis nulla con­sonante media, si dicamus ‘piior,’ ‘arduior.’ Quod ne fiat8, non sunt ussi9 eorum com­paratiuis. Plerique assumunt igitur ‘magis’ aduerbium et usum com­paratiui complent, ut ‘magis pius10 hic quam ille’: uetus­tissimi tamen com­paratiuis etiam huius­ce­modi est11 sunt quando usi12. Cato dixit: quod iter longius arduius­que13 erat a curia. Idem ad populum de triumpho: asperrimo atque arduis­simo14 aditu. Pacuuius[1] in Medo: mulier egregis­sima15 forma. M̃.16 Cato in oratione … exercitum
[ 95 ] P. 40b 1: nephriagoldai   2: is riagoldasón   3: aṅgutass   4: tairm­thechtas[2] for · i ·   5: andgidiu ·   6: nihed sin ⁊ it riagoldai sidi   7: noch ní cóir son acht corop máa inóenṡillaib incomparit issed aschóir   8: ménogud inna teora ṅguttae immalle ·   9: ní arrbar­tatar bith   10: goiriu ·   11: ata   12: intan ara­rubar­tatar[3] bith   13: ɔeperr arduius ·   14: is foluss dún tra as­riagoldu leosom nad ṁbíet cid intṡuperlati huare nadṁbiat na[4] compariti · ·   15: do­thaidbse ṡuperlait huandí as egregius egregior   16: nicert ind ḟlescsa huasind · m · reliqua	[ 95 ] P. 40b 2. this is regular.   3. their vocalism.   4. the passage to i.   6. it is not that (the transi­tion of i to a consonant) and (yet) these are regular.   7. yet this is not right—only that the compara­tive be greater by one syllable than the genitive of the positive, this is what is right.   8. the hiatus of the three vowels together.   12. when they used.   13. so that arduius is said.   14. it is clear to us that it is more regular with them (arduus etc.) that there will not be even the super­latives, because the compara­tives do not exist.   15. to shew a super­lative from egregius, egregior.   16. this line over the m is not right etc.
MS. Pacubius the first h over the line MS. ararubatar na for ind?; but comparit and superlait, which were original­ly masculine, seem after­wards to be feminine, cf. B. Ball. 321a 11, 12
[ 95 ] P. 41a meliorem, industri­iorem1 facit.’   …ut in me indus­triior2 sis quam in te. Sunt autem et alia in ‘us’ terminantia, ex quibus coraparatiua supra dictam regulam non seruant2 et dicuntur in­aequalia. Quorum quaedam habent i breuem4 uocalem ante ‘or’…   ‘Plus’ quoque5 [ 96 ]uidetur esse compara­tiuum6 ‘multi7,’ sed singu­laris nomina­tiuus non inuenitur nisi neutri generis8, pluralis uero etiam communis, ut ‘hi’ et ‘hae’ plures9…9a …‘hic acer10 haec acris hoc acre’…
[ 95 ] P. 41a 1: Casianus in · x collatione dicit · industrius—.i. léir[1]—appetitor   2: leriu   3: .i. riagol tormaig · or · forsin­genitin ut docti doctior ·   4: riagolsón   5: cid plús [ 96 ]6: .i. as comparit   7: ꝉ comparit indí as multus secundum alios ⁊ is firson dano airsisiu infae[2] thucad híc ·   8: acht comparit neutair nammá inóthud   9: lia   9a: archiunn[3]   10: tichair lainn	[ 95 ] P. 41a 3. i.e. the law of adding ‑or to the genitive, as docti, doctior.   4. this (is the) rule.   5. even plus. [ 96 ]7. or a comparative of multus according to others, and this is true, then, the…………has been brought here.   8. but only the neuter compar­ative in the singular.
written over industrius, in the same hand the gloss seems to be corrupt: for airsisiu Thurneysen conjectures air is isiu marg. l., opposite in Phormione compluria
[ 96 ] P. 41b Et sciendum quod omnia in ‘or’ desinentia[1] comparatiua communis generis sunt et mutantia ‘or’ in ‘us’ faciunt neutrum, excepto uno, quod solum1 cum sit a positiuo2 quantum ad suam uocem fixo[2], seruauit huius genus3, ‘hic senex, huic seni, hic senior.’ A ‘sepe’ aduerbio4 possitiuum uel comparatiuum nomen nec {uel non} legi … super­latiuum posuit Cato nepos[3] dicens: in mentem uobis ueniat, Quirites5, … propter foenus6 sepis­simam dis­cordiam fuisse.’ ‘Prior’ et ‘primus’ quaeritur an sit comparatiuus et superlatiuus, et dicunt quidam, quod, cum ordinis sint, diffe­rentiam numeri signi­ficant7: sicut enim ‘alter8’ de duobus9 et ‘alius’ de multis dicitur sic ‘prior’ de duobus et ‘primus’ de multis dici solet. Inuenitur10 tamen sepe ‘prior’ pro ‘melior11’ positum … et ‘primus’ pro ‘optimus’ … Virgilius in VIIII[4]: primos iuuenum tot miserit Orco12,
[ 96 ] P. 41b 1: ol sodain óin   2: diaposit   3: huare astuidmide inposit cenḟodail ceineuil isairi ní techta nisi unum genus   4: .i. posit ainmde do denom di sepe ut extra reliqua   5: arómanu   6: arluach   7: .i. dechor nuird in arim filindib ⁊ it anmmann uirdd foṡodain   8: cosmai­lius ⁊ analach   9: alter ainm dobinair · issí[5] chetne aram saini­gedar fri hunáir · ·   10: .i. cesu dechor nuirdd in áram fil indib   11: .i. itanmmann inne hisuidiu ⁊ ɔṅdelgatar   12: dodia iffirnn	[ 96 ] P. 41b 1. which alone.   2. from its positive.   3. since the positive is fixed without partition of gender (senex), therefore it (the compar­ative) has only one gender.   4. i.e. that a nominal positive should be made of saepe as of extra etc.   5. O Romans.   7. i.e. it is distinc­tion of order in number that is in them and according­ly they are nouns of order.   8. simi­larity and analogy.   9. alter is a name for duality: it is the first number that varies from unity.   10. i.e. though it is a distinc­tion of order in number which is in them.   11. i.e. they are names of quality here, and they are compared.   12. to the god of hell.
om. MS. MS. fixum MS. catanepos MS. VIII MS. issí issí
[ 97 ] P. 42a … in numeris quoque potest ‘prior' esse comparatiuus … et ‘primus’ super­latiuus, cum ad multos com­ponitur1… ut ‘prior2 Turnus quam Aeneas mouit bellum’… Primus3 se Danaum…Androgeus[1] offert nobis, et, quod omnibus est rationa­bilius4, in ‘or’ desinens commune in ‘us’ facit neutrum, quod in nullis aliis nisi in compa­ratiuis inuenitur. Cum igitur comparatiua proprie ad positiuum fieri soleant5, inuenitur tamen saepe compa­ratiuus pro positiuo per se positus[2]… Est quando pro positiuo possitus6 minus eo[3] signi­ficat et nulli compa­ratur, ut: Tristior atque oculos lacrimis sufussa nitentes, ‘tristior7’ enim hic ‘ex parte8’ signi­ficat ‘tristis9.’
[ 97 ] P. 42a 1: diróscai dihilib[4]   2: tóisechu noch is nomen nuirdd híc ⁊ ɔdelgthar calléic   3: tóisigem   4: dodenom ɔdeilgg and   5: do­derscu­guth diposit   6: cen a chondelg fri nech   7: uenus .i. nírbu lánḟálid[5]   8: nírbu lánbrón[6]   9: isand isfollus as laigiu oldaas posit quando dicit oculos nitentes · ·	[ 97 ] P. 42a 1. it surpasses many.   2. ‘prior,’ yet it is here a noun of order, and never­the­less it is compared.   4. to make a compar­ison therein.   5. to surpass the positive.   6. without comparing him to anyone.   7. i.e. she was not full-glad.   8. she was not full-sad.   9. in this it is clear that (the compar­ative tristior) is less than the positive, quando etc.
MS. adrogeus MS. possitịụus MS. in eo cf. BBall. 321a10, 19 MS. lán ḟalid MS. lán brón: cf. corthón Sg. 56b 7, nocht­chenn Wb. 11c 12
[ 97 ] P. 42b Est quando ad contraria comparatur1… Est quando super­latiuo compa­ratiuus compa­ratur2… Est quando compa­ratiuus ad compa­ratiuum compa­ratur3… Cicero Philipi­carum II: ‘quis inter­pretare potest, impuden­tiorne quis in senatu, an improbior4, qui in Dola­bellam[1]…’ ‘Tam’ et ‘quam’ aduerbia tum comparatiuo uel superlatiuo adici­untur, cum duo uel plures compa­ratiui uel super­latiui diuersae signifi­cationis5 positi inter se aequantur… …‘non tam6 in bellis… quam in promisis et fide firmiorem7’… …‘minus stultus’ pro pruden­tior8.’ Terentius in Eunocho: hoc nemo fuit Minus ineptus, [ 98 ]pro ‘prudentior9.’ …‘minus bonus’ pro ‘malus10.’ …quando ipse compa­ratiuus uel ad se uel ad alium comparatur11, ut ‘Achiles Aenea fortior magis12
[ 97 ] P. 42b 1: diróscaither   2: dirósci disuperlait   3: dirósci comparit dicomparit[2]   4: .i. is messa indamprome quam ind anfele reliqua in ante[3]   5: .i. is sain intliucht bís hicechtar nái[4] ut est híc   6: inmeitse   7: .i. doberr fritam ⁊ quam   8.: trebairiu [ 98 ]9: bed trebairiu   10: olcc   11: diróscaither   12: de sé insin	[ 97 ] P. 42b 1. it is distinguished.   2. it surpasses (the) superlative.   3. a compar­ative surpasses a compar­ative.   4. i.e. improbity is worse than impudence.   5. i.e. different is the meaning that is in each of these two, ut etc.   7. i.e. it (firmiorem) is put with tam and quam. 8. more prudent.   [ 98 ]11. is distin­guished.   12. this (is an example) de se.
MS. in dolo bellum rectius chomparit cor­respond­ing to Ir. archiunn cf. do chechtar ṅhái Sg. 215a 2, o nechtar nái Sg. 37b 18
[ 98 ] P. 43a quam iustior1,’ et ‘Aiax Vlixe fortior magis quam Diomede.’ Superlatiuum est, quod uel ad plures sui generis comparatum super­ponitur2 omnibus, uel per se prolatum3 intel­lectum habet cum ‘ualde’ aduerbio positiui…sin autem dicam ‘fortis­simus Hercules fuit,’ non addens quorum4, intellego ‘ualde fortis.’ Et sciendum, quod ex hisdem formis sine terminationibus5 supra dictarum6 in compa­ratiuis partium orationis fiunt etiam super­latiua.
[ 98 ] P. 43a 1: .i. arbáfirianu ænæas   2: doroscaither   3: cena­chondelg ⁊ aderscugud dineuch acht[1] dofurcabar tríit fessin   4: ingenitin as quorum   5: ócachtharmmorcnib[2] ainmmdib ⁊ briathar­daib ⁊ dobria­thardaib[3]   6: .i. intan adcóidemmar dicomparit[4]	[ 98 ] P. 43a 1. i.e. for Aeneas was juster.   2. without its being compared and without its surpassing any (other), but it is brought forward through itself.   4. the genitive quorum.   5. from all endings, nominal and verbal and adverbial.   6. i.e. when we have spoken of the com­parative.
MS. s̅ contrast Wb. 16a 27, Sg. 208a 11, and cf. Ml. 84b 1 MS. bre- ⁊ dobre- rectius ‑chomparit
[ 98 ] P. 44a Cum ueter occubuit Priamus sub Marte1 Pelasgo. …‘proximus,’ quod tamen pro cognato2 accipitur, positiui signifi­cationem habet ideoque a legisla­toribus3 etiam compa­ratiue4 profertur… …ἐσχατώτατος5.
[ 98 ] P. 44a 1: .i. fonchath   2: archobdelaich   3: o naib rechttáircidib   4: in comparitit[1] .i. comparit húad   5: comparit	[ 98 ] P. 44a 1. i.e. under the battle.   3. by the legislators.   4. comparatively, i.e. a com­parative (is derived) from it (i.e. from this super­lative).
recte chomparitith
[ 98 ] P. 44b …ab aduerbis sine praeposi­tionibus uenientia desinunt haec ‘extra exterior extremus,’ ‘supra superior supremus’…. Ex quo1 apparet neque a ‘supero’ neque a ‘postero’ fieri compa­ratiuos uel super­latiuos… …omnia et comparatiua et superlatiua duarum excedunt numerum syllabarum2, exceptis ‘prior’ et.… Nec mirum3, cum positiua[1] [ 99 ]quoque, ex quibus nascuntur, bisillaba sint uel eo plus4
[ 98 ] P. 44b 1: iure .i. e · airdíxa hipeneuilt   2: it lia déṡillabchi   3: ciasingbat árim déṡillabche compariti ⁊ superlati [ 99 ]4: numero sillabarum .i. nó it lia desillabchi	[ 98 ] P. 44b 1. long e in the penult.   2. they are more than di­syllabism.   3. that com­paratives and super­latives should exceed the number of di­syllabism. [ 99 ]4. i.e. or they are more than disyllabism.
MS. mirum compositiua
[ 99 ] P. 45a per genetiuos1 et uel unam uel duas assu­mentia2 syllabas faciunt3 supra dictos gradus4…. Super­latiuus compara­tiuum est5 quando superat una syllaba…. Est quando par est6, ut in ‘‑limus’ terminans…est quando una uincitur7 syllaba, ut quando in ‘‑fimus’…desinit… De Dimminutiuo …comparatiua quoque non solum augent8, sed etiam est quando minuunt uim primiti­uorum, sed non absolute9. Ad aliquid enim omnimodo10 fit compa­ratio… …non posunt tamen esse absoluta11, cum a compa­ratiuis sint deriuata…ut ‘maius­culus12,’ ‘minus­culus13’… Thais quam ego sum14 maiuscula est, id est, ‘paruo maior15 quam ego.’ Alia autem dimi­nutiua…ex sese16 habent diminu­tionem…
[ 99 ] P. 45a 1: forgenitne són   2: positi forgenitne   3: positi 4: compariti ⁊ superlati   5: incomparit   6: .i. superlait do comparit[1]   7: superlait   8: sech positi na­conparite[2] oambiat   9: húare bís ɔṅdelgg indib   10: ócach mud ómbí ɔdelg   11: cen­chondelg nindib .i. nibba cen­a­dærscugud dineuch son · ·   12: máanu   13: laigeniu   14: hi luc posit atá ego híc   15: inbec[3] máo .i. isbec as máo oldáusa .i. is bec in­derscugud   16: cen­a­ɔdelgg frinna aill	[ 99 ] P. 45a 1. that is, over genitives.   2. positives over genitives.   3. positives.   4. compar­atives and super­latives.   6. i.e. the super­lative to the compar­ative.   8. beyond the positives of the compar­atives from which they are.   9. since compar­ison is (inherent) in them.   10. in every mode in which is compar­ison.   11. without compar­ison in them, i.e. it will not be without its surpass­ing some (other).   14. in place of a positive ego is here.   15. a little greater i.e. she is a little greater than I, i.e. the distinc­tion is small.   16. without their being compared to any other thing.
rectius chomparit rectius nacomparite leg. inbiuc, or is becmáo a compound?
[ 99 ] P. 45b Solent autem dimminutiua uel necessariae significationis causa proferri1, ut Sallus­tius in Eugur­thino: ‘postquam reguli2 in unum conuenere, id est ‘parui reges,’ uel urbani­tatis3, ut Iuuenalis.. Vnde fit, ut malim frater­culus4 esse gigantum, [ 100 ]uel adula­tionis5 et maxime puerorum6, ut ‘Catu­laster7,’ ‘8Antoni­aster9,’ ‘patri­ciolus10,’ ‘Sergiolus11’…. …saepe inueni­untur diminu­tiuorum dimi­nutiua​…​ut ‘homo, homuncio12,13, homun­culus14’… …‘parasitaster15’​…​‘nepotulus16’​…​‘unciola17,’ ‘capella,’ ‘maxilla18,’ ‘anguilla,’ ‘una’ ‘ulla19.’ …‘furca20 furcula.’
[ 99 ] P. 45b 1: .i. robbí uárrecar less dígbail indḟolaid ɔidécen suin fria slond sidi huare nád robatar suin doṡlund in­dúildetad in­choisget   2: indrígain   3: hua accuiss sulbai­richthe   4: bráithrán[1] [ 100 ]5: apelaigthe   6: sainreth do maccaib apélogud   7: ácha­tuláin[2] ⁊ nibí digbail folaid and calléic ciabeith indapélugud ·   8: antonain   9: Híté inmaicc doberat innaanmman ɫ isforru doberar   10: patracáin .i. quasi fuisset   11: sericán   12: duinén   13: duinenet   14: cach ṅdígabthach huálailiu   15: fuirserán   16: huandi as nepós   17: uncia ungae   18: mala glainine   19: .i. combed dechur eter ṅdán · ulla .i. ulla · intairmmorcinn[3] ⁊ ulla dimminutiuum · is do thucad an · una reliqua   20: gabul	[ 99 ] P. 45b 1. i.e. there may be a time when it is necessary[4] to diminish the substance so that there is need of words to signify it, because there were not words (enough) to signify the proper nature which they express.   3. because of polite­ness. [ 100 ]6. particular to boys is caressing.   7. O little Catulus; and there is still no dimi­nution of substance here though there be caressing.   9. it is the boys that give the names (here mentioned), or it is to them that it is given.   14. each dimin­utive from another (homun­culus from homuncio, homul­lulus from homullus).   16. from nepos.   19. i.e. there would be a distinc­tion between the two ullas, i.e. the ulla of the termi­nation and ulla the dimi­nutive (of una). For this it is that the una has been put etc.
MS. bráithráin, with punctum delens over the second i MS. áčatuláin MS. tairmorciunn with punctum delens over u for recar for ronecar cf. Celt. Zeitschr. iv. 67. Here recar less has a subject in the nomi­native; but contrast the older construc­tion in Wb. 12c3, Ml. 2a6, 22c14
[ 100 ] P. 46a ..‘mas masculus1’ .. ‘os osculum2,’ quod quamuis sit formae diminu­tiuae, tamen, quia aliam habuit signifi­cationem3, fecit ex sese aliud diminu­tiuum4 ‘oscillum5.’ …‘pauper pauperculus6’… Excipitur ‘uenter uentriculus7.’ Infra uentriculum8 tenui distantia9 rima10. ..,‘munus munusculum11’​…​‘crus12 crusculum.’… ‘tus13 tusculum.’ …‘sepiuscule14.’ ‘Plus’ quoque, quamuis a masculino uel feminino compa­ratiuo non ueniat15, facit tamen​…​‘plusculus pluscula16 plusculum’…
[ 100 ] P. 46a 1: ferán     2: ginán ɫ bóc[1]   3: .i. sain póc[2] ⁊ pócnat l·   4: digabthach naill   5: luasc[3] ·reliqua   6: boctán   7: .i. ní uenter­culus dogní   8: hís bronnait   9: andech­rigeddar   10: huandlúithi[4] séim   11: danán   12: erochuir   13: luib   14: inmeincán   15: cenidḟil comparit masculinus ɫ femininus leiss   16: huillénu	[ 100 ] P. 46a 2. a little mouth or a kiss.   3. i.e. different is a kiss and a kissy.   5. swing (?).   7. i.e. it does not make venter­culus.   9. when they stand apart.   10. by the slender chink.   15. although it has not a masculine or feminine compar­ative.
glossator C has drawn a stroke through ginán and added ɫ bóc, Thurneysen MS. bpóc with puncta delentia above and below b. glossator C has drawn a stroke through the gloss, and added the l‑, Thurney­sen. three or four letters, of which the first is p, have been erased before luasc cognate with Ir. luascaim ‘I rock,’ luascan ‘cradle,’ OBr. luscou (gl. oscilla) dlúithi dat. sg. of dlúthe Sg. 9a 17, 203a 25
[ 101 ] P. 46b …‘rumor1 rumusculus’…‘soror sororcula2.’ …‘rete3.ti. reticulum[1]’…‘pons4.ti. ponticulus,’ ‘lens5.ti. lenticula’… ‘securis6 securi securicula’…‘fidis7 fidi fidicula.’ …‘cuticula’ i antepaenultimam producit. Iuuenalis : :Combibet aestiuum contracta cuticula8 solem, quod9 eum metri necesitas facere compulit… Excipitur ‘lapis10’ quod ‘lapillus11’ facit diminutiuum; etiam ‘anguis’ ‘anguilla12,’ ‘unguis’ quoque ‘ungula13’ faciunt…
[ 101 ] P. 46b 1: clú   2: siurat   3: lín [man. al.] ꝉ rete   4: drochat   5: cenele netha   6: biáil   7: tét   8: tonnait   9: anísin   10: huare naich in culus cula· culum· dogní digabthach   11: lecán   12: escu(n)g[2]   13: cróa [man. al.] ingen	[ 101 ] P. 46b 5. a kind of grain.   10. since it does not make a diminutive in culus, cula, culum.   13. a hoof, a nail,
MS. ꝉ rete/reṣtiṣ • ti • reṣticulum The u and a trace of the n are clear; the lower part of the g has disappeared, gen. sg. escongan, LU. 74a40
[ 101 ] P. 47a …‘curriculum1’..‘cornu corniculum2,’ ‘genu geniculum3.’ Excipitur ab acu ‘aculeus4.’ ..‘caput capitis capitulum5.’ …‘uolpes uolpecula6· · · ‘res recula7’…‘uepres8 ueprecula’…‘nitedula9’…‘mercedula10’…‘apes11,’ cuius diminutiuum pro e longa i habet ‘apicula12.’ Plautus in Curculione: Ego nam apicularum opera congestum non feram13? …‘uetus uetulus14’
[ 101 ] P. 47a 1: comṡrethsón[1]   2: adercéne   3: almne glunae   4: snáthatath[2]   5: centat issed acennbartsón linni   6: sinnchenae   7: .i. rétan · regula immurgu quasi rectula   8: driss   9: nitedula animal est quod insiluis inuenitur · sicut ignis efulgens quod apud graecos dicitur · λαμπ(υρ)ος[3] .i. luacharnn · · 10: fochricnet   11: bech   12: bechán   13: ni aisṅdiusa   14: arsidán	[ 101 ] P. 47a 1. this is construction.   3. knee-cap (?).   5. a little head, that is, with us, the head-covering.   7. i.e. a little thing.   13. I will not proclaim.
cf. Sg. 152a3 leg. snáthatat leg. λαμπυρίς
[ 101 ] P. 48a …omnia e habent paenultimam absque ‘pugillo,’ nisi primitiua1 paenultimam habent natura [ 102 ]productam in omni genere. facit igitur ‘paulus2’ ‘paululus3’… Ideo ‘mala4’ quoque assumpta x ‘maxilla’ facit et ‘talus5’ ‘taxillus.’ Quae uero geminant l ante ‘us’ uel ‘a’ uel ‘um,’ in ‘ulus ula ulum’ faciunt iterum diminutiua6, ut ‘homullus homollulus’… …‘columna columnella7.’ Excipitur ‘rana8 ranunculus.’ Eandem formam9 in ‘la’ quoque desinentia uel ‘ra’ seruant, ut…‘capra10 capella’…‘miser .. misellus11 misella misellum.’ Excipiuntur in ‘ra’ disinentium12.,.ut ‘ara arula13’ ‘terra terula14’..
[ 101 ] P. 48a 1: positi nandigabthach[1] [ 102 ]2: bec   3: becán   4: glaine   5: odbrann   6: dígabthacha hualailib   7: columnat   8: huare nad nemantar · l ·   9: emnad · l ·   10: heirp   11: trogán   12: huare nád nemnat · l ·   13: altóirnat   14: talamnat	[ 101 ] P. 48a 1. the positives of the diminutives.   [ 102 ]6. diminutives from others.   8. because l is not doubled.   9. the doubling of l.   12. because they do not double l.
nan‑: MS. na; the rest after nad is in ligature
[ 102 ] P. 48b Neutra quoque in ‘num’ . . ut ‘tignum tigillum1’.. ..‘cerebrum2 cerebellum[1]’…‘flagrum3 flagellum’…‘sacrum sacellum4.’ Excipiuntur a desinentibus in ‘nus5’ uel in ‘na’ uel in ‘num’…‘uinum uillum6.’ Notandum etiam ‘pannus7,’ quod ‘panniculus’ fecit.
[ 102 ] P. 48b 1: clethnat   2: .i. criathar   3: .i. srogell   4: nemed   5: huare atacomlonna innadigabthsicha fria cetnidi annád foirpret inoenṡillaib   6: fínan   7: c : n[2]	[ 102 ] P. 48b 5. because the diminutives are matches for (?) their primitives when they do not increase by one syllable.
MS. l cre     /cerebrum l cre     /cerebellum. The Irish glossator takes crebrum as cribrum kann etwa crin gelesen werden, Thurneysen
[ 102 ] P. 49a …‘agna1 agnella’… …‘urceus1a’ urceolus,’ ‘alueus2 alueolus,’ ‘luteus3 luteolus,’ ‘malleus4 malleolus’… Excipitur ‘Antonius,’ quod ‘Antoniaster’ facit diminutiuum5. …‘Ericius hic noster Antoniaster6 est.’ …‘lutea7 luteola.’ Virgilius in bocolico: Mollia8 luteola pinguit9 uaccinia10 calta10a. Iuuenalis in primo: Vnciolam11 Proculeius habet, sed Gillo deuncem. Idem in eodem: Dorio[1] nullam culto palliola. [ 103 ]In eodem: unciolis sex12 etiam. …‘pallium palliolura13’… …‘paucus pauculus’ et ‘palculus14’…‘tantus15 tantulus’… …‘puella puellula16’… …‘dentatam17…
[ 102 ] P. 49a 1: dínu   1a: cilornn   2: [man. al.] lothor   3: [man. al.] .i. derg ·   4: ordd   5: ní antoniolus dogní   6: arnantonánni intísiu   7: derg   8: argi   9: ɔsuidigedar   10: innadærcae fróich   10a: .i. ondscoid[2] deirc   11: in uṅgainet   [ 103 ]12: óen desimrecht so ɔeper and unciolis ·   13: broiténe   14: ⁊ óthatnat[3] ·   15: mét   16: digabthach hualailiu   17: fiáclaich	[ 102 ] P. 49a 3. red.   5. it does not make Antoniolus.   6. this is our Tonykin.   9. compounds[4]   10. the berries of the heather[5],   10a. i.e. with the red flower.   [ 103 ]12. this is one example, so that uniciolis is said there.   16. (one) diminutive from another.
leg. Dorida nullo cultam palliolo MS. ondsoid with an imperfect letter, written over the second o, which Ascoli read as u and Windisch c. According to Thurneysen it may be read c. If so scoid is = scoith the dat. sg. of scoth MS. othathnat, with punctum delens over the second h cf. dearc-fhraoich ‘a blue-berry, billberry,’ H.S. Dicty.; Ir. fraochán, Manx freoghane ‘whortleberry’ or perhaps ‘paints with a black powder’: cf. o suidi (gl. fuligene) Philarg. 54
[ 103 ] P. 49b seṙrulam1.’ ‘Aqua’ similiter ‘aqula2’…‘equa3 equila4.’ …‘parasitus5 parasitaster’…‘senex6 senicio7’… …‘coniculus[1]8’ ‘anniculus9’ .. ‘fribolus10’… …‘hic canis’ ‘haec canicula11,’ ‘scutum’ uel ‘scuta,’ id est rotunda forma12…‘hic qualus13 hoc casillum14,’ ‘pistrinum15 pistrilla’…‘nubes nubilum16’.,. …‘hoc glandium17 haec glandula,’ pars est intestinorum18, ‘ensis ensiculus19, ensicula,’ praeterea ‘haec beta,’ ‘malua,’ ‘hic betaceus20,’ ‘maluaceus21.’
[ 103 ] P. 49b 1: glasán   2: usceán   3: láir   4: laréne   5: fuirsire   6: sen   7: senán   8: aimmsid [man. al.] ꝉ foramen in muris ꝉ nomen animalis [in marg.] ꝉ beda coniculus sulcus ̝·   9: bliadnide   10: cuitbide .i. fribolus fere obillo[2] dignus .i. ní ferr lethscripul   11: cuán   12: cruind sciath[3]   13: cliab ·   14: clebéne   15: cucann ꝉ mulenn   16: doinenn reliqua icidorus   17: glaine ꝉ airnne   18: innacoilchomæ   19: claidbene   20: bethech ꝉ braisech genus holeris ut icidorus[4] dicit[5] similiter malua   21: lemnat   22: [marg. infer.] polibius medicus dicit: Nouem glandulae .i. nóisethir · reliqua · 23: [marg. inf.[6]] Caní románda · ó · is fir son	[ 103 ] P. 49b 8. an attempter[7].   10. ridiculous, i.e. frivolus fere obolo dignus, not better than a half-scruple.   12. a round shield.   16. bad weather.   17. a jaw or a sloe.   21. mallow.   22. nine glands (?)   23. is not o Roman? this is true.
MS. ꝉ o      /cuniculus leg. obulo leg. cruindsciath, and cf. LL. 98a47 i.e. Isidoras Hispalensis. So in Sg. 53a12 and 159a7 Etym. Lib. xvii. 10, 15 by the writer of the text the glossator seems to have supposed that coniculus was connected with conari
[ 103 ] P. 50a De Denominatiuis. Denominatiuum appellatur a uoce primitiui1 sui nominatum, nou ab aliqua speciali significatione2, sicut supra dictae species2. Nam et patronomica et posesiua4…denominatiua [ 104 ]sunt5… Haec enim denomi­natiua sunt dicenda, cum signifi­cationem suarum non seruant6, etsi sint propria. Habent igitur denominatiua formas plurimas et diuersas signifi­cationes. Quae quia latae sunt et confusae[1], generali eas nomina­tione artium scrip­tores noncupa­uerunt denomi­natiua7. …a fruge ‘frugi8,’ a nihilo ‘nihili9’…‘ceruix10 ceruical,’ ‘tribunus tribunal11’…‘pugillus pugil12’…‘nequis13 nequam14’; ‘um’: ‘oliua oliuetum15,’ ‘rosa rosetum16,’ ‘tendo tentorium17,’ ‘sto stabulum18’…‘lacus lacunar19,’ ‘calx20 calcar21,’ ‘caedo Caeṡsar22’ .. ‘eques23 equester,’ ‘macies macer24’…‘senatus senator25’…‘primus primas26,’ ‘optimus optimas27’…
[ 103 ] P. 50a 1: óndanmimm óndiruidichther[2]   2: nítechta sain intṡliucht and feissin huanainmmnigthae ut patronymica ⁊ posesiua reliqua   3: .i. huare nád nétada diṅgrae[3] saingnuste dia inni amal adidchotatsat gnusi doacaldmacha olchenae · patronymica possessiua reliqua aní ba choitchen doaib sem huili iarum iṡ nomen diles dosom · ·   4: isairi asbitir frit iscoitchenn [ 104 ]5: .i. is nomen cenelach docachae denominatiuum   6: .i. huare nád forcmat inninni saindilis innaṅdelb   7: .i. innahí nad tutet isnagnúsi remeperthai   8: huandí as frux ꝉ fruges   9: huandí asnihilum.   10: bráge   11: sochuide ꝉ trebunṡuide ꝉ rigṡuide   12: cuanene[4]   13: n‑ínech   14: écmacht arindí nád cumaiṅg maith dodenom ·   15: olachaill   16: roschaill   17: pupall   18: tairissem   19: druimmchlae .i. donaib clúasaib[5] bíte isindruimmchlae indainmmnigudsin   20: sal ꝉ lue   21: cinteir   22: esartaid   23: marcach   24: cóil   25: senátoir   26: airech ꝉ thóisechaire   27: aire ꝉ sainṡamail	[ 103 ] P. 50a 1. from the name from which it is derived.   2. it has no special sense in itself from which it should be named, as patronymics etc. (have).   3. i.e. because it has not a special appellation from its meaning as (the) other appellative species have,—patronymics, possessives, etc.—What was common to them all (denominatiui) then, is a proper name for this (the denominatiuum).   4. therefore 1 tell thee it is common. [ 104 ]5. i.e. ‘denominative’ is a generic name for each of them.   6. i.e. since they do not preserve the special meaning of the forms.   7. i.e. those that do not fall into the species aforesaid.   8. from frux or fruges.   9. from nihilum.   11. a multitude or a tribunal or a throne.   13. not someone.   14. impotent, because he cannot do good.   18. stability.   19. ceiling, i.e. from the ears (leg. hollows?) which are in the ceiling (is) this denomi­nation.   20. heel or kick.   22. destroyer.   26. prince or leader.   27. principal or conspic­uous.
leg. late sunt confusae MS. ó dir- with dingrae compare dingarthe Ml. 93b7 derived from *cuan = Lat. pugnus, with compen­satory lengthen­ing, and the regular change (in early loanwords) of p to c leg. cúassaib? As to druimm­chlae, it may be connected in meaning with druimmchlí (gl. laquear) Sg. 54a 19, 64a 6: cf. ic dlúthad a drumchla ‘caulking its deck,’ LL. 219a 2, et v. Togail Trói, p. 154
[ 104 ] P. 50b ‘pes pedes1,’ ‘equus eques2,’ ‘tego teges3’…‘saepio saepes4,’ ‘struo strues5,’ ‘sterno strages6’…‘lepus lepos7’…‘uito8 uita­bundus9’…‘audeo audax10’ .. ‘Picenum11 Picens12,’ ‘Tiburtum13 Tiburs.’ Ergo in a desinentia denominatiua i habent breuem ante a uel l uel n uel r14, ut .. ‘acrimonia15’…‘armatura16.’ Secundae igitur declinationis nomina in ‘us’ desinentia c [ 105 ]antecedente quot­cumque[1] sint sylla­barum—nisi17 sint regionum nomina, et18 quae diri­uantur ex hís—alia uero quacumque conso­nante ante ‘us’ posita tantum disyllaba et quae in ‘is’ desi­nentia tertiae declina­tionis similem habent19 nomi­natiuo genetiuum: quae secundae quidem sunt20, genetiuo, quae uero tertiae, datiuo assumunt ‘tia,’ ut…‘pudicus pudici pudicitia21.’…
[ 104 ] P. 50b 1: traigthech   2: óinechaid   3: dítiu   4: félmae   5: sreth   6: ár   7: sulbaire   8: immimgabaim   9: teich­thech .i. similis uitanti   10: létenach   11: bíde   12: bíde[2]   13: ciuitas .i. masued   14: .i. habent · l · ante · a · similiter · n · ⁊ · r ante a beos   15: lainne   16: armthatu [ 105 ]17: [in marg.] .i. ní · tio · araḟóimat sidi oca­cruthugud óanmmanaib diil tanisi acht is · a · tantum super genitiuum nominum secundae declinationis · ·   18: cid   19: .i. medón­testemin són   20: iartes­temin   21: .i. féle[3]	[ 104 ] P. 50b 7. fugitive.   11,12. pitchy.   13. if it is so[4]. [ 105 ]17. i.e. it is not ‑tio that these assume in their formation from nouns of the second declen­sion, but it is etc.   19. i.e. this is the middle of the period.   20. the conclu­sion of the period.
MS. quorunque numero Picenum and Picens are treated as deriva­tives from pix probably in another hand cf. above p. 71 note b
[ 105 ] P. 51a …‘uiolentus uiolenti uiolentia1’… …‘Teucrus2’ uel ‘Teucer Teucri Teucria3.’ …‘nomen nomini ignominia4.’… Inueniuntur5 tamen quaedam, quae in ‘monia’ desinunt…‘parco parsi parsi­monia6,’ ‘queror quaeri­monia7’… ‘La’ e longa antecedente: ‘cautus8 cauti cautela’…‘cliens9 clienti clientela10.’
[ 105 ] P. 51a 1: écen   2: troiánde   3: trói   4: arfóim comsuidigud ladiruidigud   5: ní · a · arafóimat acht is monia    6: in­maisnige l·   7: airégem   8: faitech   9: cocéle   10: cocélsine	[ 105 ] P. 51a 4. it takes composition (sc. with in) along with derivation (sc. of ‑gnominia from nomen).   5. it is not a that they assume, but it is ‑monia.
[ 105 ] P. 51b …‘candeo candes candela1’… In ‘na’ uero desinentia denominatiua siue uerbalia…omnimodo longam habent paenul­timam uel natura uel positione2: ‘officium officina3’…‘coquus cocina4’ et ‘colina5’…‘far6 farina7’…‘lateo laterna8.’ ‘Sagana9’… In e desinentia… quia pleraque a communibus in ‘is’ terminan­tibus nascuntur, melius cum illis10 tracta­buntur. In i duo sunt denominatiua . . indeclinabilia11… Quidam enim figurate ‘frugi’ . . et ‘nihili’…cum aliis omnibus coniungi casibus non irrationa­biliter dicunt, sicut ‘mancipi12,13’ et ‘nec mancipi[1]’ et
[ 105 ] P. 51b 1: taitnem   2: etir aicned ⁊ suidigud   3: cerddchae   4: cucann   5: cucann ꝉ cuilae   6: cenele nhetha   7: men   8: cleth   9: lenn ꝉ brat formtha[2]   10: lasna anmmann · in · is   11: arbertar immurgu atuisil esib etir huathad ⁊ hilar   12: .i. doer   13: .i. Adcomlatar sidifri cach­tuisel ⁊ nídentar cach­tuisel díib · ·	[ 105 ] P. 51b 2. both by nature and position.   6. a kind of grain.   8. conceal­ment.   9. a mantle or cloak.   13. with the nouns in ‑is.   11. their cases, however, are deduced from them, both in the singular and the plural.   13. i.e. these are joined to every case, and every case is not made of them.
MS. et mancipii cf. Vol. i. p. 1, fuan forptha Ir. Text. ii. 2 243
[ 105 ] P. 52a ‘cordi1’ et ‘huiusmodi’… [ 106 ]In ‘o’ masculina quidem et communia pauca inueniuntur deriuatiua, ut…ab eo quod est ‘catus2’ ‘Cato’ et a capita ‘Capito3,’ a labe4 ‘Labeo’…a leniendo ‘leno5’…ab epulando ‘epulo6.’ Cicero de oratore: ‘tres uiros epulones7.’ .. ‘abolitus aboliti abolitio[1]8’…‘internecti internecio9’… In ‘go’ uero desinentia…‘uirago10’…‘ferrugo11’ ‘erugo12’ ‘uirgo,’ ‘margo13’; excipitur ‘ligo14,’ cuius paenultima corripitur, nec mirum15, cum sit masculinum… In ‘do’ desinentia…ut ‘acris acredo16,’ ‘dulcis dulcedo17,’ ‘intercapio intercapedo18’…‘formido formidas formido formidinis,’ quod ideo fecit simile nomen uerbale primitiuo uerbo19, quod ipsa positio uerbi talem habuit formam.
[ 105 ] P. 52a 1: cridech [ 106 ]2: fissith   3: proprium ꝉ cennmar   4: huá ṡail   5: slithid ꝉ banbachlach   6: fledaichthith   7: fledaichthidi   8: forbbart   9: óg dilgend   10: fergnia [man. al.] .i. fortissima femina[2]   11: dubchorcur [in marg.] Ferrugo est color porpurae[3] sub imagine quae fit in hispania ut ferrugine clarus hibera[4] dicta aliter ferrugo quod omnis porpura[5] prima tamen tinctura eiusmodi coloris exstat[6] · ·   12: meirc   13: inrud[7] [man. al.] extremitas   14: bacc [man. al.] ꝉ fosorium ·   15: cid timmartae péneuilt   16: lainne   17: somailse   18: etargabál   19: donchétni persin as bunad do	[ 105 ] P. 52a 1. cordial. [ 106 ] P. 52a 3. a proper name, or great-headed.   5. a copulator[8] or …(?).   8. increase.   10. a male-worker.   11. dark purple.   15. that the penult should be short.   19. to the first person, which is its origin.
pr. m. obolitus oboliti obolitio Isid. Etym. Lib. xi. 2, 22 MS. popurae, without color Verg. Aen. 9, 582 MS. popura Isid. Etym. Lib. xix. 28. 6 perhaps hirud: see Isid. Etym. Lib. xiv. 8. 42 cf. sleith, O’Don. Suppl. and glossary to Laws
[ 106 ] P. 52b Excipitur ‘formido’ propter supradictam causam1. A testa2 quoque sine testu ‘testudo’… Nec non omnia in ‘do’ desinentia…ut ‘irudo3,’ ‘arundo4,’ ‘hærundo[1]5.’ In u deriuatiua pauca inuenio: ‘specus6 specu7,’…‘testa8 testu’… In ‘al’ desinentia…‘uectus uectigal9’…‘torus10 toral’…
[ 106 ] P. 52b 1: .i. Húare is hicondeilb frisinbrethir atá ⁊ nifilcomthód and ónach cruthach[2] óbrethir · ·   2: hua[3] cheinn   3: ꝉ erudo .i. emblema ꝉ airchellad   4: curchas   5: fannall   6: huam   7: húad   8: ceinn   9: cís rigdæ[4]   10: lige	[ 106 ] P. 52b 1. i.e. because it is in conformity with the verb and there is no mutation therein in any manner? from the verb.   3. a taking away.   7. (derived) from it (specus).   9. the royal tax.
leg. hirundo perhaps cruthath, usually cruth (v i.e. u) over the line probably meant for rigda, Thurneysen
[ 106 ] P. 53a In ‘il’ uel ‘ul’ desinentia…fiunt abiectione extremarum uocalium sine sillabarum1 primitiui… In ‘um’ desinentia…e ut ‘oleuetum2,’ ‘uinetum3,’ ‘coriletum,’ [ 107 ]‘rosetum4,’ ‘dumetum5,’ ‘quercetum6,’ ‘esculetum7,’ ‘mirtetum8’… quae9 sunt contenentia uel comprehensíua10 i.e. periectiua[1]11. i, ut ‘augorium,’ ‘solarium,’… ‘municipium12’… Alia enim in ‘bulum’ desinunt…ut ‘cuna cunabulum13,’ ‘Vesta14,15,’ uel ‘uestis uestibulum,’ ‘tus turis túribulum16’…‘pasco pabulum17,’ ‘prosto18 prostibulum19,’ ‘patior’ uel ‘pateo patibulum20’… Lucanus in III:
[ 106 ] P. 53a 1: innanguthaigthe[2] coconsonaib   2: olachaill   3: fíntan [ 107 ]4: rosa rostan   5: duma dristenach   6: quercus daurauth   7: esculus escalchaill .i. fid arddmár   8: mirtus mirtchaill   9: ithésidi   10: Arindí ɔgaibet hilar dindintliucht inchoisget .i. oliuetum · ubi fiunt oliuae multiplices ⁊ ní samlaid són donaib hí sís archiunn ut augorium reliqua · ·   11: .i. tórmachtai .i. dofórmgat[3] isindírruidiguth ꝉ[4] isgrec indí as comprehensiua   12: municipo ꝉ fích ut icidorus dicit   13: [5].i. cliab noiden   14: , 15: . bandea [man. al.] tened   16: tuslestar   17: geltboth   18: cuiligim   19: étradach ꝉ cuilech   20: icidorus[6] riag ꝉ gabul ·	[ 106 ] P. 53a 1. of the vowels together with (the) consonants. [ 107 ]6. an oak-wood.   7. a wood of Italian oak, i.e. a very tall tree.   8. a myrtle-wood.   9. it is they.   10. Because they contain a plural from the meaning which they signify, (as) olivetum ubi etc.; and not so is it with those ahead below, as augurium etc.   11. increased i.e. which increase in the derivation. Or it (περιεκτικά) is the Greek of comprehensiva.   12. (as if from a verb) municipo, or burgh as Isidorus says[7].   13. i.e. an infant’s cradle.   14, 15. the goddess of fire.   18. I commit incest.   19. lustful or incestuous.   20. gibbet or forkshaped gallows.
leg. περιεκτικά MS. innaguthaigthe leg. dofórmgatar? the following part of the gloss has been added later, but it may be from the usual glossator, Thurneysen perhaps in a different hand Isid. Etymol. Lib. v. Isid. Etymol. Lib. ix.
[ 107 ] P. 53b lassant rumpentes stamina Parcas {uel ‑ae}1 Idem in II: Vanaque[1] percusit pontum Symplegas inanem Et statura2 redit. Inueniuntur etiam quaedam in ‘culum’ desinentia.,.ut ‘diuertis diuerticulum3,’ ‘uerris uerriculum4’… In ‘monium’ etiam inueniuntur deriuata, ut…‘matri matrimonium5’… …alia quae a uerbis deriuantur o in ‘um’ conuertentia.. ‘uado uadum6.’ In ‘en’ desinentia deriuatiua m antecedente…ut ‘solor7 solaris solamen,’
[ 107 ] P. 53b 1: bándǽ iffirnn   2: delb   3: diall   4: tóxal   5: máthrathatu[2]   6: áth   7: dodonaimm	[ 107 ] P. 53b 1. goddesses of hell.
MS. unaque r under the line
[ 107 ] P. 54a ‘foro1 foras foramen2,’…‘irrito2 irritas irritamen4,’…‘specie5 specimen6’…‘nuo7 numen’…‘luo8 lumen8a,’ quo omnia abluuntur id [ 108 ]est purgantur a tenebris…‘molior molimen9.’ …a pectendo ‘pecten10,’ a filo11 ‘filamen,’ quod per syncopam i[1] ‘flamen12’ dicimus. …sinae­resis[2]13 facta est duorum i breuium in unam longam. …aliae quoque uocales…sic solent ex duabus syllabis in unam longam transire, ut ‘biugae14 bigae15’… Et ex contrario una longa in duas breues saepe solet tempo­ribus diuidi: .. ‘fieri’ pro ‘firi’ uel ‘fire,’ quod magis analogum16 est, unde Virgilius in IIII Georgicon At suffire17 timo18 caerasque recedere inanes Quis dubitet? …‘laqueus’ autem ‘laquear19.’
[ 107 ] P. 54a 1: trisgataim   2: dorochol[3]   3: dodúrgimm   4: tudrach   5: huandí as species   6: immcaisiu   7: cumachtagimm   8: dofonuch ꝉ aslenaimm   8a: lumen glanad per contrarium sensum [ 108 ]9: tóchrechad   10: slige[4] l·   11: húandṡnáthiu .i. filum .i. snáthe nobíth himm chenn nasacardd ocind edpairt ·   12: sacart [man. al.] iouis   13: accomol   14: bina iuga díguttai ḟodlaidi dirótha ind ⁊ ní deogur   15: dériad   16: ind infinit · in · e · ón · bréthir in · o ·   17: fotimmthiris[5]   18: ótím[6]   19: druimmchlí ꝉ cuithech[7]	[ 107 ] P. 54a 5. from species.   6. inspection.   7. I am powerful.   8. I wash, or I pollute.   8a. lumen purification, per etc. [ 108 ]11. from the thread, i.e. a thread that used to be round the head of the priests at the sacrifice.   12. priest.   14. two separate vowels have been converted into it, and it is not a diphthong.   16. the infin­itive in e from the verb in o.   17. that thou shouldst sub­minister.   19. ceiling (?), or trap (?).
om. MS. MS. synaresis this word is obscure: perhaps dor-ochol, W.S. does slige gloss pecten in the sense of πλῆκτρον? cf. Corp. Gloss. Lat. ii. 144 fotim­diris Sg. 185b7 tim borrowed from thymum, with lengthen­ing of the penult, as in légaim, nát see glossary to Brehon laws, p. 198
[ 108 ] P. 54b …‘eques equester1,’ ‘pedes pedester2’… Et sciendum quod a habent ante ‘ster’ cum in nomine primae posi­tionis nulla sit consonans inter uocales paenul­timae et ultimae syllabae3… Alia uero omnia4 e habent ante ‘ster’ excepto ‘paluster5.’ Et haec quidem denomi­natiua sunt6. …‘furo7,’ unde ‘furens8,’ ‘furor’…‘senatus senator9,’ ‘dictatus dictator10,’ ‘tonsus tonsor11.’
[ 108 ] P. 54b 1: marcachde   2: traich­thechdae   3: .i. is and bíid · a · indib · re · ster intan nád ṁbí ɔson etir peneuilt ⁊ uilt isind anmmaimm chétnidiu · ·   4: praeter demmi­nutiua ⁊ innahí riam anu̇as[1]   5: góithlachde   6: ɔecat beta ṅdéainmmnigthecha ꝉ haec innahí tiagta hí ster is[2] óanmanaib dogrés bíitsidi   7: bruth­naigim   8: as choimtig[3]   9: senatóir   10: dictatóir   11: berrthaid	[ 108 ] P. 54b 3. i.e. then is a in them before ‑ster when there is no consonant between penult and ultima in the primitive noun.   4. except the dimin­utives and those above before (apiaster, oleaster).   6. they may be denomi­natives, or haec, those that end in ‑ster they are always from nouns.   8. which is usual.
not anias, as Ascoli wrongly prints under the line MS. čoimtig
[ 108 ] P. 55a … ‘affinis1 affini affinitas’… Sed hoc2 possumus etiam in [ 109 ]secundae declina­tionis nominibus obseruare… Et testis eius3 est Caper, qui diuer­sorum de huiusmodi nominibus ponit usus auctorum…
[ 108 ] P. 55a 1: .i. assimilis   2: tórmach tás forainmmnid [ 109 ]3: .i. iuris asrubart anúas	[ 108 ] P. 55a 2. the addition of ‑tas to a nominative. [ 109 ]3. i.e. of the rule that he has mentioned above.
[ 109 ] P. 55b Non est igitur dubium1, quod—cum in omnibus quae paenul­timam habent circum­flexam, si patiantur syncopam, seruamus eundem accentum in ultima….idque2 omnibus placet artium scripto­ribus, qui de accen­tibus scrip­serunt—debeant haec quoque idem3 seruare cum ‘ti’ subtracta paenul­tima uocalis, quae circum­flecte­batur in dictione perfecta, id est a, inuenitur ultima in con­cisione4 habens eundem accentum. INueni­untur tamen etiam propria diffe­rentiae causa5 in fine circum­flexa, ut ‘Leenâs Leenatis,’ ‘Menâs,’ ne accu­satiui plurales menae, quod genus est piscis, et leenae—femininum est leonis6—esse putentur. …‘equs eques7’…‘tego teges8,’ ‘mergo merges9.’ …‘struo strues10’…‘illuo illuuies[1]11’… …‘curialis12’…
[ 109 ] P. 55b 1: .i. andliged quod diximus ⁊ asberam dano   2: aiccend inuilt   3: anednonóen aiccent in uilt indib   4: iarfoxul · tí ·   5: ar ní ar accuis dechoir aní asrubartmmar cose   6: indí as leonis leena femininum   7: óenechaid   8: dítiu   9: muirbran 10: sreth 11: hǽllned   12: dalta .i. curia	[ 109 ] P. 55b 1. i.e. the law which we have said and will say moreover.   2. an accent on the ultima.   3. the identical accent[2] on the ultima in them.   4. after taking away ‑ti.   5. for not for sake of distinc­tion is that which we have said hitherto.   6. of leonis.   9. cormorant (mergus).
MS. illues ‘the same thing, (to wit) an accent.’ J. S.
[ 109 ] P. 56a …‘patruus1’ patrui patruelis2’…
[ 109 ] P. 56a 1: bráthir athar   2: macc bráthar athar	[ 109 ] P. 56a 1. father’s brother.   2. son of father’s brother.
[ 109 ] P. 56b I longam habent omnia in ‘ilis,’ quae a nominibus deri­uantur, nec non in ‘ile’ neutra, siue ex eis fiant siue non habeant aliud ante se genus1…ut…‘scurra2 scurrilis’… ‘Exilis’ etiam a Graeco ἐξίτηλος3 factum denomina­tiuorum seruauit regulam4….‘futio5,’ ex quo com­positum effutio6, ‘futilis’7…‘altus’ uel ‘alitus8 altilis’… A pare9 [ 110 ]etiam diriua­tiuum10—quod a uerbo ‘paro’ nascitur, unde comparo comparas. Proprie enim pares sunt, qui inter se possunt comparari11—uerbalium regulam seruauit12, ‘parilis.’ Cetera quoque omnia13 i paenul­timam cor­ripiunt…
[ 109 ] P. 56b 1: nó innabet onach ainmmdiu etir acht itcétnidi l ·   2: daiscuir parasitus   3: tren­othath   4: .i. airdíxa · i · and ut praedicta   5: baith­aigim   6: adbol­baithigim[1]   7: .i. nomen dolestur chorthón bís oced­partaib dodeib   8: ís hinunn analtus ⁊ analitus isondí as alo ataat aṅdiis · ut postea dicet   9: ó · par [ 110 ]10: asṅdirruidigthe anainmmsin   11: cosmail­igeddar   12: timmartae and amal inna­briathardi riam   13: cenmathá inna hí asrubart	[ 109 ] P. 56b 1. or whether they are not from any nominal form at all, but are primi­tives.   3. the singular of a noun sub­stantive (trén-óthath)[2].   4. i.e. the i is long in it, as the aforesaid.   5. I am a fool.   6. I am a great fool.   7. i.e. a name for a round-bottomed vessel which is (used) at offerings to gods.   8. the altus is the same as the alitus, the pair of them come from alo, as he will say after­wards. [ 110 ]10. that that noun is derived.   11. (can) be compared.   12. (the i) is short in it, as the verbals before (had it).   13. besides those that he has mentioned.
the fourth letter looks somewhat like e, Thurneysen adjectivum graecum perperam habet pro substantivo, Asc. Gl. cxxxi
[ 110 ] P. 57a ‘peculium peculii peculiaris1’ ‘molo2 molis’ uel ‘mola molae molaris3.’ Sicut etiam neutra4 in ‘are’ finita: ‘uelum ueli uelare5.’ In ‘ensis’ desinentia…‘Curta6 Curtensis[1]7’…‘Catena8 {uel Catina} Cati­nensis9’…‘castrum10 castren­sis11,’ ‘forum12 forensis13,’ ‘Ilium14 Iliensis15’…
[ 110 ] P. 57a 1: sainredach   2: melim   3: bróinidae   4: .i. dosoithær ind i[2] immechtrach · in · a ·   5: dítiu   6: cuirt[3] ꝉ borcc   7: borggdae cuirtaide ꝉ impdibthe ut in boetio   8: ꝉ catina ut in horosio legitur ꝉ slabrad   9: slabrat­tae l·   10: dún[4]   11: dúnattae   12: dálṡuidæ   13: dáldde   14: trói   15: troiánda	[ 110 ] P. 57a 4. i.e. the outer i is turned into a.   6. a court or town.   7. belonging to a town, belonging to a court, or, as in Boetius, circum­cised.   8. or a chain[5].   9. belonging to a chain.
* MS.  v   /cirta cirtensis/ v    om. MS. the scribe wrote coirt, and then placed v (= u) over the o; borrowed from Low Lat. cortis dúnattae suggests rather dúnad misinterpretation of proper names
[ 110 ] P. 57b In ‘tis’ quoque inueniuntur denominatiua, sed antique prolata1’…sicut ‘Laurentis2’ quoque pro ‘Laurens3,’ ‘Tiburtis4’ pro ‘Tiburs,’ teste Capro. Sic ‘Quiritis5’ pro ‘Quiris’ et ‘Ceris’ uel ‘Ceretis’ pro ‘Ceres,’ qui tamen nomi­natiui6 nunc in usu non sunt. In ‘os’…pauca inueniuntur: ‘lepus lepos7,’ ‘competo compes’ et mutatione e in o ‘compos8’…
[ 110 ] P. 57b 1: acht is iar­narsidib robbátar · intis non síc hodie   2: lauren­tide   3: lauren­tide .i. aitrib­thid nacathrach asberr lauren­tium laurens immurgu bís hodie   4: . tiburtide[1] tiburtum nomen ciuitatis   5: sabíṅdae .i. gaide [man. al.] sabinus   6: ind ainmmnidi hísin   7: sulbair   8: com­ascnaidid · bacompes baroagoldae dobuith ní ed immurgu acht is compos fil	[ 110 ] P. 57b 1. but it is according to the ancients that they were (i.e. ended) in ‑tis, non etc.   3. a laurentis i.e. an in­habitant of the city called Lauren­tium; however it is now Laurens.   5. Sabine i.e. having a spear (quiris = curis).   6. those nomi­natives.   8. compet­itor (competens): it would be regular that there should be compes: it is not so, however, but it is compos that there is.
MS. tiburtiṩde
[ 110 ] P. 58a …exceptis in ‘cius1’ desinen­tibus…ut…‘aduec­ticius’…
[ 110 ] P. 58a 1: ar is ·cius· doḟormagar isnaib hísiu · ní · ius ·	[ 110 ] P. 58a 1. for it is ‑cius that is added in these, not ‑ius.
[ 111 ] P. 58b Inueniuntur tamen quaedam a primae quoque declina­tionis nominibus1 eiusdem formae, quae a haberit ante ‘cius’: ‘gallina galli­nacius2,’ ‘membrana membra­nacius3’… Notandum inter haec ‘menstruus4’… ‘Longus longinquus[1]’ ideo assumpsit n ante ‘quus’ quia aliter euphoniae satis­facere non poterat5. Inueniuntur pauca…in ‘ulcus’…‘bos bobulcus6’… In ‘dus’ tres sunt formae: Una quae seruat consonantem, ex qua ultima uel paenultima primitiui incipit syllaba—sed tunc paenul­tima, si non inter­cedat consonans inter ultimae et paenul­timae syllabae uocales—et reliquam .. partem7 mutat in i correptam et assumit ‘dus’ ut ‘herba herbidus.’
[ 111 ] P. 58b 1: ciasidruburt ambuith anominibus secundæ declinationis et tertiæ   2: cercdae   3: sreib­naide   4: místae mensis non mensuus facit   5: níbbad bind nach cruth ailiu   6: bóchaill   7: cenmithá inconsoin .i. arabí dintṡ:::larsi::::::nchonsain[2]	[ 111 ] P. 58b 1. although I have said that they are from nouns of the second and third declen­sion.   5. otherwise it would not be eupho­nious.   7. except the consonant i.e. which remains over of that syllable after the consonant.
MS. loginquus nicht mehr lesbar; das pergament abgerieben und beschmutzt, Thurneysen; read arabí dint­ṡillaib sin iarsin­chonsain? which is translated
[ 111 ] P. 59a Excipitur alternitatis causa1, quam Graeci ἐπαλληλότητα[1] uocant, unum ‘pando pandus,’ ne si ‘pandidus’ dicamus, male sonat[2] alterna d in utraque continua2 syllaba, quod in multis solent tam Graeci quam nos euitare. Non dicunt illi ‘Χαρύβδιδος’ quamuis exigat regula3, sed ‘Χαρύβδεος’…   Eiusdem uitii causa non dicimus ab eo, quod est ‘mane’ ‘manunine4,’ sed ‘matutine,’ ‘uitis uinetum,’ non ‘uitetum,’ quod tamen etiam a uinea uidetur esse deriuatum5. Praeterea ‘meridies’ pro ‘medidies6’ a medio die. Sed non tamen in omnibus7 hoc8 ualet. Nam ‘candeo candidus’ facit…nisi9 quod haec secundae con­iugatio­nis in ‘deo[3]10’…   Et haec quidem in ‘dus’ supra dictae [ 112 ]formae nomina demon­strant11 habere ea in se ex quibus deri­uantur, ut ‘herbidus’ qui herbas habet… In ‘bundus’ uero desinentia similitudinem habere significant, ut ‘uita­bundus12,13’ similis uitanti…‘mori­bundus14’ similis morienti… …‘causor15 causaris causabundus’…‘ludis ludibundus16’… Excipitur alter­nitatis causa17 ‘rubi­cundus,’ quod in paenul­tima syllaba pro b c habuit, ne sit absonum, si ‘rubi­bundus’ dicamus.
[ 111 ] P. 59a 1: frimífogur .i. do ailigud foguir frialaile .i. corob bind in fogur · ·   2: ꝉ conti­nuans .i. acomoicsider   3: emnad d and   4: .i. da · n · indá · t ·   5: ciasid­biur abuith huandí as uitis ·   6: cesu medius dies aschomsuidigthe and   7: arecar frith­riagol do   8: ius ní dogrés dogníther   9: acht óen limm   10: .i. sainreth do­briath­raib[4] cobednae tánise emnad · d · in nominibus bíte huadib [ 112 ]11: isfollus inna ninni som inne[5] inna nanmmann húataat   12: immgabthach   13: ní fír immgabail is cosmail[6] indí immaimmgaib   14: bathach reliqua   15: arcoimddim [man. al.] reus iudicor   16: cluichech   17: .i. conroib ailidetu ⁊ dechor etir indí ṡillaib arit cosmaili	[ 111 ] P. 59a 1. (contrary) to cacophony, i.e. to differen­tiate (one) sound from another, i.e. so that the sound be harmo­nious.   2. when it is made contig­uous (consec­utive).   3. the doubling of d therein.   4. i.e. two n’s into two t’s.   5. though I say that it is from uitis.   6. though it is medius dies that is compound­ed therein.   7. a rule contra­dictory thereto is found.   8. ius, it is not always acted on.   9. save one thing in my opinion.   10. ie. peculiar to verbs of the second conju­gation is the doubling of d in the nouns that are (derived) from them. [ 112 ]11. manifest in their meaning is the meaning of the nouns from which they are (derived).   13. it is not a true avoidance: it is a likeness of one who avoids.   15. I bring forward in excuse.   17. so that there may be alterna­tion and differ­ence between the two syllables, for they are alike.
MS. επαλελοτητα leg. sonet in deo: MS. ideo MS. dobre- om. MS., corr. Ascoli as this is an un­paral­leled con­struc­tion of cosmail, leg. cos­mailius J.S. or cosmaile as in Corm. s.v. Buanand, W.S.
[ 112 ] P. 59b Tertia forma in ‘dus’ terminantium est participialis…et significat dignum esse aliquem1 eo2, quod demon­stratur3, ut ‘laudandus4’ laude dignus, ‘amandus5’ dignus amari…‘legendus6’ dignus legi, ‘loquendus7’ dignus de quo loquantur[1] homines. In ‘lus’ desinentium formae similes sunt diminutiuis8…ut annus anniculus8a…   Extremas partes9 sylla­barum finalium siue extremas syllabas10, si sint purae11, in ‘ulus’ uertunt, excepto anniculo12 diffe­rentiae causa: nam ‘annulus’ deminu­tiuum est13. ‘Nouacula14,15 a ‘nouo nouas’ deriuatur. In ‘sus’ duplicem habent formam: uel enim participialia sunt…et res in­corpora­les signi­ficant…ut.. ‘uersus’—quod ab in­corpora­li re16 [ 113 ]ad corpo­ralem quoque adductum est17…uel o productam habent ante ‘sus,’ et signi­ficant plenum esse aliquem eius, quod signi­ficatur18, ut ‘saxosus’ plenus saxis…
[ 112 ] P. 59b 1: dofoirṅde inrucus neich   2: indí reliqua   3: inchiall fil indib isciall innriccso   4: is huisse amolath   5: húise aṡerc   6: is huise alegend   7: is uise aisṅdís de   8: ar chuit suin tantum   8a: bliadnide[2]   9: rann disillaib   10: inógai   11: cen chonnsona   12: non annulus dirruidigthe anniculus digabthach immurgu anulus   13: dígabthach óndí as ánus cuáirt[3] .i. brefe anulus bréfean   14: núide[4]   15: lui[5]   16: is neph chorpde intan as dognim menmmann reliqua ut in alio [ 113 ]17: intan asuersus fers   18: islán dineuch thórṅther[6] tresin nainmmnigud sin	[ 112 ] P. 59b 1. it signifies the worth of some one.   3. the meaning that is in them is a meaning of worthi­ness.   4. it is just to praise him.   5. it is just to love him.   6. it is just to read him.   7. it is just to speak of him.   8. as to sound only.   9. a part of a syllable.   10. (the syllable) in (its) totality.   11. without conso­nants.   12. not annulus: anniculus is the deriv­ative: anulus, however, the dimin­utive.   13. a dimin­utive from anus (a circle) i.e. a hole, anulus a small hole.   16. it is in­corpore­al when it is (refers to) an act of the mind etc. [ 113 ]17. when it is uersus, a verse.   18. it is full of whatever is denoted by that appel­lation.
MS. loquentur cf. Sg. 49b9 written above ánus núide written over noua-, lui over ‑la. nouacula eo quod innouat faciem, Isid. Etym. Lib. xx. 13, 4, hinter núide etwas aus­radiert (sol…?), Thur­neysen lai, Windisch leg. thórṅter or thórndither?
[ 113 ] P. 60a …‘manus manule­atus[1]1’ … ‘auitus2,’ ‘marítus3,’ ‘cerritus4,’ ab auo, mare, Cerere. …‘cornutus5,’ ‘uerutus6,’ ‘astutus7,’ ‘uersutus8.’ …‘amictus9’…
[ 113 ] P. 60a 1: lámostae   2: .i. sen athardae   3: céle más   4: cruith­nechtdae[2] á cerere .i. ceres bandea hetho   5: bennach   6: berach ꝉ birdae   7: tuachil ab astu   8: impáidach .i. uersus   9: attóitæ a uerbo quod est mico ut postea dicet l·	[ 113 ] P. 60a 4. relating to wheat: from Ceres, the goddess of corn[3].   8. converted (turned).   9. resplen­dent, from the verb mico, as he says after­wards.
MS. manulatus MS. cruithnechta͈ͩe with d over the o cf. Corp. Gloss. Lat. vi. 202
[ 113 ] P. 60b In ‘stus’…‘honor honestus1’ … ‘modus modestus2,’ ‘ango angustus3,’ ‘augur augustus4.’ Praeterea ‘Venus uenustus5’…quae… asumpta ‘tus6’ faciunt deriua­tiua et omnia una uincunt sillaba primatiua7 absque mesto8. In ‘ax’ plerumque uerbalia inueniuntur…‘emo emis emax9’…‘pellicio10 pellicis pellax11,’ ‘sagio12 sagis sagax13.’ In ‘ex’ correptam.. ‘lateo lates[1] latex14,’ ‘uerto uertis[1] uertex15’… …In ‘ex’ productam similiter…‘lego16 legis[1] lex.’ In ‘ix’…‘nutritor’ quoque ‘nutritrix’ debuit facere quod euphoniae causa siue alter­nitatis17 mediam sillabam concidit18: ‘nutrix’ enim dicimus. In ‘ox’…‘uelum uelox19.’ In ‘nx’ et ‘rx’: ‘coniungo coniunx20,’ ‘arceo arx21.’
[ 113 ] P. 60b 1: sochrud   2: mesraigthe   3: tachtae   4: math­marcde   5: sochrud   6: .i. ni stus araḟoimát[2] amal inna remeperthi   7: praedicta ótha stus   8: .i. aris comlínsón hilín sillab · fria bunad   9: críthid   10: dotúrgimm[3]   11: tud­rachtaid   12: do­aurchan­aimm   13: tair­cetlid[4]   14a: clithith   14b: [in marg.] fons   15a: impúth   15b: [in marg.] capitis pars   16: réchtaigim   17: ailidetad fria fírianach[5]   18: doǽrbai   19: díddith ꝉ dián   20: acomoltae   21: dún	[ 113 ] P. 60b 4. augural.   6. i.e. it is not ‑stus that they assume, like the aforesaid (but only ‑tus).   7. the aforesaid, from ‑stus onwards.   8. i.e. for this (maestus) is equal in number of syllables to its origin (maeror).   14a. hiding[6].   15a. con­version.   16. I legislate.   17. of alter­nation to its legiti­mate (form).   18. it cut off.   19. coverer (velans) or rapid (velox).   20. joined.
om. MS. leg. araḟóimat The first letter is a little doubtful: Ascoli read it as t, but it seems a d the right side of which has faded; the third letter is more like t than d; but cf. Sg. 54a3 recte tairchetlid MS. ailidetad frianach: fírianach, Ascoli cf. et dictus latex quod in uenis terrae lateat, Isid. Etym. Lib. xx. 6
[ 114 ] P. 61a Quoniam de speciebus siue formis1 nominum · · supra tracta­uimus, nunc de generibus quaerere conemur. Genera igitur nominum principalia sunt duo, quae sola nouit ratio naturae2… Nam commune modo masculini modo feminini significa­tionem3 possidet, neutrum uero, quantum ad ipsius uocem quali­tatem4, nec mascu­linum nec femininum est, Unde commune articulum uel articu­lare pronomen5 tam masculini quam feminini generis assumit, ut ‘hic sacerdos’ et ‘haec sacerdos,’ neutrum autem separatum6 ab utroque genere articulum asciscit7, ut ‘hoc regnum.’ Dubia autem sunt genera, quae8 nulla ratione cogente auctoritas ueterum diuerso genere protulit9, ut ‘hic finis’ et ‘haec finis’… ‘silex10,’ ‘margo11.’ …‘bubo12,’ ‘dáma13’, panthera’ in utroque genere promiscue14 sunt[1] prolata15. Sunt alia16 natura et signifi­catione17 mobilia, non etiam uoce18, ut … ‘patruus19 ámita20,’ ‘auunculus21 matertera22’; sunt alia uoce, non etiam naturae signifi­catione23 mobilia24, ut ‘lucifer25 lucifera26’…
[ 114 ] P. 61a 1: di delbaib dirinddigthib nominum   2: issed aaicned cenéuil ní doḟuisim ⁊ doḟuisemar   3: inninni   4: .i. inne indḟolaid inchoisig inguth .i. indneutair   5: .i. apronomen narti­coldae .i. apronomen gaibes engracus ṅarticuil   6: .i. articol etar­scartha fri suidib · ·   7: do­cuirethar   8: .i. ité   9: .i. is inderb immascul fá femen nícoméicnigedar nadliged insin ꝉ uno genere ꝉ diuerso genere   10: gainae   11: bruach   12: .i. bonnán samnaiche   13: heirp   14: ɔmescatar dacenél indib   15: do­rurgabtha   16: .i. is hinonn óen leiss natura ⁊ significatio   17: ó inni   18: Fodail cenéuil ininni[2] sin ⁊ níbí hinguth[3] · ·   19: bráthair athar   20: siur athar   21: amnair bráthair máthar   22: siur máthar   23: ní huachéill   24: ní fil dechor ceníuil aicneti indib ar nitat masculina ná feminina secundum naturam ·   25: grian   26: æscae	[ 114 ] P. 61a 1. of the derived forms of nouns.   2. this is the nature of gender, something that generates and that is generated.   3. the meaning.   4. i.e. the quality of the substance which the sound expresses, i.e. of the neuter.   5. i.e. the articular pronoun, i.e. the pronoun that takes the place of an article.   6. i.e. an article distinct from them.   8. i.e. it is they.   9. i.e. ’tis uncertain whether it be a masculine or a feminine: there is not any rule that obliges that.   14. two genders are mixed in them.   16. i.e. natura and signi­ficatio are one and the same with him.   18. that is distinc­tion of gender in meaning, and it is not in sound.   19. father’s brother.   20. father’s sister.   21. amnair, mother’s brother.   22. mother’s sister.   23. not by sense.   24. there is no differ­ence of natural gender in them since they are not masculine or feminine according to nature.   25. sun.   26. moon.
MS. sint MS. inini MS. higuth
[ 114 ] P. 61b ‘liber1 libra’… [ 115 ]Unumquod­que[1] enim eorum propriam et ammotam2 a significatione masculini habent de­monstra­tionem et positi­onem; sunt alia, quae dif­ferentiae signifi­cationis causa3 mutant genera, ut ‘haec pirus4 hoc pirum,’ ‘haec malus5 hoc malum,’ ‘haec arbutus6 hoc arbutum’… …‘haec buxus’ arbos7, ‘hoc buxum’ lignum. Virgilius: dant arbuta8 siluae, cruenta­que myrta9, coerea10 pruna11, uolubile12 buxum13. …ut ‘Gligerium[2]’ mea14 ‘et Dorcium’…   ‘gummi15’…, ‘tuber16’…
[ 114 ] P. 61b 1: lebor ꝉ proprium l · [ 115 ]2: etarscarthe   3: .i. dodechor etir anmmann innacrann ⁊ anmmann atoraid inna­crann­sin ·   4: draigen   5: aball   6: fid   7: doglúais an arbos   8: dochrunn[3] fessin   9: don chrunn   10: buidi ꝉ donna   11: don chrunn   12: fulumain   13: .i. don chrunn fésin isnomen buxum hisin[4] ni dontorud ⁊ is ainsid neutair   14: mo gligernat sa .i. mo bensa .i. nomina mulierum   15: ainmm lubae   16: att	[ 114 ] P. 61b 1. a book. [ 115 ]2. separated.   3. i.e. to make a difference between the names of the trees and the names of the fruit of those trees.   6. a tree.   7. arbos is by way of gloss.   8. for the tree itself.   9. of the tree.   10. yellow or brown.   11. for the tree.   13. i.e. buxum is here the name of the tree itself, not of the fruit, and it is an accusa­tive neuter.   14. my Glycerium (sweetling), i.e. my wife.   15. name of a plant.
MS. ununquoque leg. Glycerium leg. donchrunn? cf. Vol. i. p. 724, col. 2, l. 29
[ 115 ] P. 62a …‘haec catarecta1’ … In promiscuis tamen2 inuenimus quaedam . . secundum genus mascu­linum prolata. Cum canibus timidi uenient ad pocula dámae2a. Diuersum[1] confusa genus panthéra3 camélo… Et magis in quadrupedibus hoc inuenis4.
[ 115 ] P. 62a 1: senester   2: cetu chummascthai   2a: na herbind immomnacha   3: .i. bestia [in marg.] .i. inderbus ceníuil ⁊ tairmmorcinn ar[2] biid panther ⁊ panthera ut postea dicet[3]  4: .i. incoimmchlóud són .i. cach lacéin it masculina in cein naili it feminina	[ 115 ] P. 62a 1. window.   2. though they are mixed.   2a. the timid deer.   3. i.e. a beast (there is) un­certainty of gender and termi­nation, for there is panther and panthera, as he will say after­wards.   4. i.e. the mutation, i.e. at one time they are masculine, at another time they are feminine.
MS. diuerso MS. quia Priscian i. 156, l. 7
[ 115 ] P. 62b Nam ‘nihili,’ ‘frugi,’ ‘mancipi’ obliqui sunt casus figurate1 cum omnibus casibus adiuncti. [ 116 ]…feminina sunt, ut ‘uirgo2 uirginis’…‘acredo3’…‘cupido4’ .. Excipi­untur5 .. masculina haec…‘cardo6 cardinis.’ Soluerat7 Hisperii deuexo margine ponti. …‘Milo8’..‘praedo9,’ ‘ligo10’…
[ 115 ] P. 62b 1: in­doilb­thith apud poetas [ 116 ]2: .i. sed ⁊ masculinum inuenitur ut hieronymus in conflictu contra heluidium ostendit dicens uirginali ɔiugio uirgo filius—.i. christus—nasciretur ⁊ níbbu machdad tra bed figurate nombed · a · uirgo filius asbeir hieronymus .i. ɔnásásad nechtar de innaraill reliqua   3: lainne   4: accobor   5: hua riagoil fémein   6: mimas­clach   7: immreræ   8: .i. echaire   9: airchelad[1]   10: .i. ligo .i. bacc · buana fínime[2] ·	[ 115 ] [ 116 ] P. 62b 2. i.e. But uirgo is found also masculine etc. And it were no wonder then that uirgo filius that Jerome speaks of[3], was[4] fig­urative­ly, i.e. so that one of the two should not reach into the other.   5. from the rule of the feminine.   8. muleteer[5].   10. i.e. a sickle for pruning vines.
leg. aircheltaid? Ueber ligo im text hatte glossator C bacc ge­schrieben aber wieder aus­radiert. Unten am rande hat er wohl zunächst buana fínime ge­schrieben und dann ligo .i. bacc davor­gesetzt, Thur­neysen Hieron. Op. ii. 27 i.e. that uirgo stood in appo­sition to filius, Sarauw, 37 milio is taken as mulio
[ 116 ] P. 63a ὁ ἄνθρωπος[1] καὶ ἡ ἄνθρωπος[1]1 ‘Caupo2’ quoque ‘caupona3’ facit…‘strabo4 straba5.’ …‘cornu6,’ ‘genu7,’ ‘gelu8.’ …quid uel quod et aliud—haec enim ratio nomina esse ostendit9. …‘sal10’…   …irrita­menta gulae11. …‘subtel12’… …‘oppidum Suthul13.’ Sed melius est figurate14 sic esse apposita15 dicere, ut si dicam ‘mons Ossa16’ uel ‘Tiberis flumen17,’
[ 116 ] P. 63a 1: .i. coitchen dechenelisin[2] apud graecos   2: dalem   3: bandálem ꝉ cuchtar   4: cammderc   5: afemininum   6: benn   7: glún   8: réud   9: archiunn tadbadar andliged dogní nomina diib   10: salann   11: sercla   12: .i. mocoll lín   13: aṅdind suthul á nomen   14: .i. filid dogníat[3] anaccomol in­chrutsin ⁊ nimidedar cenel nindib anaccomol sin · ·   15: .i. Dóṡuidigthi .i. cechtar nái foleith cen béim foscdæ innalaill   16: sliab ṅossa[4]   17: Amal nádṅdéni neutur dindí astiberis ciadoberthar flumen friss síc nídeni neutur dindí assuthul ciad comaltar oppidum friss · ·	[ 116 ] P. 63a 1. i.e. those are common bigeneric with the Greeks.   3. waitress or tavern.   9. below [lit. ahead] the law which makes nouns of them is set forth.   11. dainties[5].   12. i.e. a mesh of a net.   13. the town: its name (is) Suthul.   14. i.e. poets make the con­juncture in that manner; but that con­juncture does not decide the gender in them.   15. i.e. in appo­sition i.e. each of the two of them apart without striking a shadow[6] (?) into the other.   17. as it does not make a neuter of Tiberis, that flumen is put with it, so it does not make a neuter of Suthul, that oppidum is conjoined to it.
MS. αντροπος coitchendechenéli seems to be a compound, cf. Sg. 90b 4 MS. dogníth with punctum delens over h first s over the line sercla is nom. pl. of sercol Goidelica, 166, or sercoll, Rev. Celt. xx. 262, serccol tarsain, Laws iv. 308, l. 13, 318, l. 18 béim foscdae is probably a technical phrase, cf. béim foraís and see LU. 55b 1: LL. 55b 49, 401a 23
[ 116 ] P. 63b quam dicere quod neutri generis in ‘ul’. termi­nantia1 sint… [ 117 ]…‘Cim,’ nomen uici, ut dicit Celsus2. …nisi si transferantur in aliquam declina­bilem formam3… Inueniuntur tamen apud comicos4 feminarum quoque propria, quae in hanc termina­tionem [scil. ‑'um'] diminu­tionis5 siue adola­tionis6 amatoriae[1]7 causa pro­feruntur, ut ‘Gligerium8’… …‘hoc seminum[2]9’… Excipitur10 ‘flamen’ sacerdos11 Iouis et ‘pecten12’… …‘lien13,’ ‘rien14’ uel ‘ren15’ et ‘splen16’ .. …‘haec siren17.’
[ 116 ] P. 63b 1: aforcenntar [ 117 ]2: as nomen uici   3: itairmoircniu ailiu   4: lasna fileda sin   5: digbala áis[3] bainscáil l ·   6: dia­mbreith inóitith · reliqua   7: sercai­dechtae   8: gligernat reliqua síc   9: síl   10: donaib neuturáldaib   11: dogluáiss   12: cír ꝉ slind   13: lue liad   14: féith   15: .i. is cummae bíte diblínaib   16: .i. lue liath   17: bestia[4]	[ 116 ] [ 117 ]2. that it is the name of a town.   3. into other terminal sounds.  4. with those poets[5].   5. of diminu­tion of the age of a woman[6].   6. to bring them (back) into youth.   7. of amatori­ness[7].   8. little Glycerium etc.   10. from the neutrals.   11. (this serves) for a gloss.   12. comb or tile.   15. i.e. it is in the same way that they both are.
MS. aut amatoriae, which is glossed leg. seminium gen. sg. of aes (n.) ‘aetas,’ distin­guished from aes (m.) 'people' before bestia tindrem from the usual hand is cancelled: cf. bés-tindrem (gl. tropologiam) Ml. 48c11; bestia is added by glossator C or perhaps: ‘that is in the poets’ cf. Prisc. i. 216 l. 2 amatoriae is trans­lated as a noun
[ 117 ] P. 64a ‘Lar’ quando significat κατοικίδιον θεόν[1], ‘laris’ facit genitiuum, sin autem impera­torem Veien­torun1 ‘Lartis1a…Larte2 Tolumnio rege Vientum3. …‘Arar’ quod etiam ‘Araris4’ dicitur. Rodanumque morantem5 Praecipitauit Arar. …‘hoc laquear6’ . . ‘lupanar7,’ ‘instar8,’ ‘far9’… …‘suber10’…. Excipitur ‘hic imber11’…et ex eo composita12… …‘Mulciber13.’ Terrae quoque foetus14…‘siler15’ ‘papauer,’ ‘laser’.. Et platanus genitalis16…. …armillam17.. Iubeas spinter nouum reconcinarier18.
[ 117 ] P. 64a 1: innacenél sin   1a: .i. ainmm diaríg   2: lairt   3: inna­cenel­sin   4: doainmmnid   5: mallsón   6: druimmchlí   7: sotech   8: intṡamil   9: cenelæ netha   10: snob   11: huare nand neutur   12: it masculina dano   13: bróinta talcdaid[2] nomen do ulcáin   14: na sothe .i. ní doḟuisim terra   15: .i. nomina holerum huili   16: geinddae   17: foil   18: aslentae	[ 117 ] P. 64a 1. of those nations.   1a. i.e. name of their king.   3. of those nations.   4. as nomi­native.   9. a kind of corn.   11. because it is not neuter.   12. they are masculine then.   13. ‘shower-softener,’ or a name of Vulcan.   14. the products, that is, what terra brings forth.   15. all (are) names of plants.   18. to be polluted[3].
MS. κατου καιαιονε εων leg. bróintatalcdaid con­cinnare is mistaken for con­quinare, Ascoli
[ 118 ] P. 64b ‘anser1’ . . ‘hoc cancer’ de morbo2 pro­tulerunt … exceptis duobus, quae ipsa natura diffendit3 feminino generi, 'mater' et 'mulier'…, …‘celer4’…‘pauper’…   …Plautus in Vidularia: Paupera haec res est. Terrentius5 tamen in Andria: quam honeste in patria pauper uiuere. ‘degener6,’ ‘uber’… ‘Acer7’…‘alacris8’…   Neuius in carmine belli Punici9…
[ 118 ] P. 64b 1: giugran   2: .i. ⁊ is neutur issuidiu   3: atasuidi[1]   4: dian   5: .i. pauper laṡuide[2] doḟemun   6: dochenéiuil communia sunt   7: lainn   8: .i. dares   9: inchocda afracdai	[ 118 ] P. 64b 2. i.e. and it is neuter here.   3. it keeps them.   5. with him pauper is as a feminine.   6. of low birth: they (degener and uber) are common.   9: of the African war.
= ad-da-suidi: cf. atsuidi Sg. 66a20.   ci adsode, ci atasode, Wb. 10a9, 10a10 leg. lasuide
[ 118 ] P. 65a … ‘abaddir,’ deus esse dicitur hoc nomine lapis ille1 quem Saturnus uorasse traditur pro Ioue. …‘Gaddir’…Sallus­tius neutrum esse ostendit…accusa­tiuum nomi­natiuo similem ponens2: ‘ut alii tradi­derunt, Tartessum3 . . quam nunc Tyrii…Gaddir habent.’ …το τεναρ της ηιρως[1]4. …exceptis femininis quidem tribus quorum duo ipsa natura alterius generis esse prohibet5, ‘uxor,’ ‘soror.’ ‘Arbor’ etiam, quod iure inter feminina con­numeratur, quod ‘mater’ quoque dicitur proprii fetus una­quae­que arbor6… Parua7 sub ingenti matris se subiicit umbra. …excepto ‘oleastro,’ quod8 tam forma termi­nationis quam de­clinatio prohibuit esse femininum. Nam ‘siler9’ non est inter arbores [ 119 ]ponendum, sicut nec ‘rubus10’…11praeterea communia …‘hic’ et ‘haec indecor12’ . .‘bicorpor13’ . . ‘discolor14,’ ‘concolor15.’ ‘Auctor16’ quando αὐθέντην signi­ficat, commune, quando αὐξητήν17, ‘auctrix’ facit femininum…
[ 118 ] P. 65a 1: níbu machdath dorónta dia dind liac   2: olṡodain as sainreth do neutur   3: aainmm hitosuch gaddir iarum   4: in­declinabile ꝉ is genitiuus .i. grec indí as tenar ⁊ is dilledach lagrecu   5: acht femininum tantum   6: as máthir aṡotho feissin cach nóen chrann   7: in­fualas­cach bec ásas asin chrunn   8: air issainred do mascul intairmorcenn in · er ·   9: luib ⁊ ní crann [ 119 ]10: dris l · ·   11: cen mithá ara necatar coitchena in or dano   12: dochrud   13: déchorpdae   14: dé­dathaig­the   15: comdathaigthe   16: aucto­ritas · uetustas est in libro niciae autentica .i. arsata · ·   17: augmentum[2] · augtorthórmachtaid[3] fosodain ab augeo	[ 118 ] P. 65a 1. it were no wonder that a god should have been made of the stone.   2. which is peculiar to the neuter.   3. (Tartessus was) its name at first, Gaddir after­wards.   4. an in­declin­able, or it is a genitive, i.e. Greek of θέναρ and with the Greeks it is declin­able.   5. but feminine only.   6. that every single tree is mother of its own fruit.   7. the small branches that grow out of the tree.   8. for the termi­nation in ‑er is peculiar to the masculine.   9. a plant and not a tree. [ 119 ]10. a thorn etc.   11. besides that common nouns in or also are found.   14. two-coloured.   17. auctor increaser then from augeo.
leg. τὸ θέναρ τῆς χειρός a mistranslation of αὐξητήν? ‑thórmachtaid seems to be treated as the second part of a compound: hence the aspi­ration of t
[ 119 ] P. 65b …‘uultur1’…‘iecur2.’ …ut ‘Antias3’ historicus, et monosyllaba[1]: ‘as4 asis’. .‘uas5’ mascu­linum ‘uadis,’ neutrum ‘uasis6,’ et hoc ‘fas’ ‘nefas’ ‘nugas’ etiam…quae sunt indecli­nabilia7. Graeca uero…eadem seruant apud nos genera quae habent apud Graecos, si eandem seruant termina­tionem8… In multis enim uidemus conmota­tionem[2] termina­tionis genera quoque esse conuersa9, ut ὁ κρατήρ ‘haec cratera10’… In ‘es’ correptam11, si sint apud Graecos communia, uel mobilia…
[ 119 ] P. 65b 1: séig   2: óa ꝉ tromchride   3: amal rongab antias   4: ainm toimse   5: techt   6: .i. uás · lestar   7: atriur   8: mani­cumsciget tairmor­cenn ni cumsciget cenel   9: ɔosciget chenel ma­chonosci­get tairmor­cenn[3]   10: airedech   11: inter communia sunt · issed saiges sís reliqua	[ 119 ] P. 65b 2. liver or ‘heavy-heart.’   3. as for instance Antias.   4. name of a weight.   5. messenger[4].   7. the three of them.   8. unless they change the termi­nation they do not change the gender.   9. they change the gender if they change the termi­nation.   11. they are among the common nouns: this is what it goes with below[5].
MS. monosillabis leg. commuta­tione MS. machonoschiget tairmorcien here, as in Sg. 102a1, the glossator supposes a connexion between uăs, uădis and uādo, uādis. Otherwise Ascoli i.e. to complete the sense inter communia sunt is here to be supplied from what precedes. See Sarauw, p. 82
[ 119 ] P. 66a quae illi trigena[1]1 uocant. Hoc autem etiam ex ipsa rerura signifi­catione2 potest cognosci in omnibus appella­tiuis, utrum possint necne3 femini­norum[2] quoque esse adiectiua uel etiam neutrorum. Quod si ipsa exigat4 signifi­catio, in ‘es’ desi­nentia communia sunt, ut ‘hebes5’ quam[3] de mare6 quam de femina dicitur, signi­ficat enim ‘tardus7’ uel ‘tarda’… Miles8 erat Phoebes, nec Maenalon[4] attigit ulla Gratior hac Triuiae9: [ 120 ]Similiter10 ‘praepes11’ … ‘teres12’ .. ‘comes13’ .. ‘inquies14’ .. Lucanus in V: Ospes15 in externis audiuit curia tectis. Virgilius in III: bellum, o terra hospita, portas16. …‘antesta’ uel ‘antestita17’..   …‘postridie18 sacerdotes Cereris atque illius fani19 anti­stitae[5]’…   Neutris quoque coniuncta20 haec, id est in ‘es’ communia, in­ueniuntur, ut Virgilius in VII:          teretes21,22 sunt aclydes23 illis Taela sed haec lento mos est aptare24 flagello25. Iuuenalis in V:             nec umquam Depositum26 tibi sospes27 erit …quae nullam significationis28 naturalem communionem habent
[ 119 ] P. 66a 1: .i. treceneli[6]   2: innandúle[7] for­dingrat   3: fanacc   4: .i. bete neuturaldi   5: .i. mall ꝉ baéth   6: emid difiur   7: mall ꝉ doe   8: banmíl   9: diame[8] [ 120 ]10: coitchen són dano   11: dian   12: cruind   13: coim­thechtid   14: ecmailt   15: banoegi[9]   16: celini   17: ban­airchin­nech   18: intremdid · post iii diem   19: ind­idaltaigæ   20: Atsuidi neutur isnaib anmannaib in es anaccomol fri neutur in­immognom ·   21: ilar neutair   22: dogní neutur diteretes áaccomol fri taela   23: clete­cháin   24: commais˘[10]   25: [marg. d.] ondsrogod[11] airid   26: anaithne   27: slán   28: Dogní neutur dindi as sospes aaccomol frisaní asdepositum   29: inna inne	[ 119 ] P. 66a 1. i.e. of-three-genders,   2. of the elements which they express.   4. i.e. to be neutrals.   5. i.e. slow or stupid.   6. (as much of a woman) so much of a man.   7. slow or dull.   8. a female soldier. [ 120 ]10. this, then, is common.   11. swift.   12. round.   15. a female guest.   16. thou portend­est[12].   17. a female principal.   20. their connexion with a neuter in con­struction establish­es the neuter in the nouns in es.   21. neuter plural[13]   22. its connexion with tela makes a neuter of teretes.   25. with the…lashing… (?)   26. the deposit.   28. its connexion with depositum makes a neuter of sospes.
MS. trigeni uel trigena MS. feminarum leg. tam MS. menalaon MS. antestae leg. trechenéli MS. innadule leg. Dianae MS. banogi one might expect comadasaigedar leg. sroglud? but this would require probably célisiu, cf. LU. 86a 22; Ascoli takes it as céli ni ‘we are comrades,’ which is possible. a mis­inter­pretation of the Latin; in Priscian lento should be tereti
[ 120 ] P. 66b cum femininis, masculina sunt, ut ‘gurges1,’ ‘trames2,’ ‘stipes3,’ ‘limes4,’ ‘poples5,’ ‘fomes,’ ‘cespes6,’ exceptis in ‘ges’ desinen­tibus… ‘seges7’ .. ‘teges8’… …‘dies’ quod tam masculini quam feminini generis in singulari numero inuenitur9 … in plurali uero semper mascu­linum [ 121 ]inuenitur10. non enim incertum11 tempus uidetur signi­ficare quod plerunque12 in feminino genere inuenimus singu­laris numeri. Ideo autem diximus ‘plerunque’ quod13 inuenitur14 in usu et pro certo tempore femininum15 et pro incerto mascu­linum16. Virgilius in II: Venit summa dies17… Lucretius in III:   non usque adeo permiscuit imis Longus summa dies18… Idem Statius:   si longumque in saecula digne Promeriture19 diem20. …‘hic meridies21,’ certum enim significat tempus diei. Terentius in Adelphis: ipso meridie stipulam22 colligendo23. …Ceres24 Cereris.   Excipitur ‘hic uerres’ appellatiuum cum porcum25 signi­ficat.
[ 120 ] P. 66b 1: trethan   2: lorc   3: eu   4: chrích[1]   5: sliassit ·   6: fot ·   7: gort ·   8: dítu   9: issinderb[2] dogres inarim hodid an dies hore isand sluindid aimsir nindeirb [ 121 ]10: airis aimser derb dofoirnde innahilur isairi is­masculin­da airintain asbir dies is derb alín lathe diandapir[3]   11: .i. isin hilur   12: indaimser inderb hisin   13: ol   14: nochbaed ba­riagolda immurgu inderbus and intain bed femininum ⁊ derba[4] intain bed mascul ·   15: doslund aimsire deirbbæ   16: arecar amascul doslund aimsire indeirbbæ   17: panthús dixit contra æneam tanicc aimser derb togle troi desmrecht insin araimsir deirb in feminino   18: desmrecht inso ar mascul doslund aimsire inderbbæ airnis­sluindi dies hic aimsir deirb   19: asrollfe   20: desmrecht naill ar inderbus hímascul   21: medon­lathi   22: connall   23: .i. lase ɔ­rothinoll   24: bandea cruith­nechta   25: cullach[5]	[ 120 ] P. 66b 9. in the singular number dies is always uncertain, because therein it signifies an uncertain time. [ 121 ]10. since it is a certain time that it signifies in its plural, therefore it is masculine, for when thou sayest dies the number of days of which thou so speakest is certain.   11. i.e. in the plural.   12. that uncertain time.   14. although this would be regular: un­certainty in it when it is feminine and certainty when it is masculine.   15. (the feminine) to express certain time.   16. the masculine is found to express uncertain time.   17. Panthous said to Aeneas: ‘The certain hour of Troy’s destruc­tion has come’: that is an example for certain time in the feminine.   18. this is an example for the expres­sion of uncertain time by the masculine, for here dies does not express a certain time.   20. another example of (lit. for) un­certainty in the masculine.   23. i.e. when he collected.   24. goddess of wheat.
the initial is aspirated because the glossator had in his mind the fem. article MS. insinderb the a of diand is written above the i =derbae, with a for final ae as often in Sg., cf. Rev. Celt. xx. 303 the MS. has callach, with v (= u) written above and between the former a and l
[ 121 ] P. 67a     ..hostem1 Occupat amplexu, [ 122 ]cum de uxore Elymi Gorge loquitur.   …‘follis2’ . . ‘curuis[1]3’… Excipi­untur ‘haec bipinnis4’ πέλεκυς[2]5 quod ideo femininum est quod quasi adiec­tiuum est, securis6 πελεκεῖος[3] uel quod a pinna7, quod ipsum quoque femininum8 est, com­ponitur. Sed magis adiec­tiuum9 hoc esse Virgilius ostendit…ponens in XI:    ferro sonat10 alta bipinni {uel bipenni} Fraxinus11. Excipitur12 etiam ‘canis’ commune, quod et natura sic ostendit13. …‘clunis14’ tam masculini quam feminini generis usurpauit aucto­ritas in una eademque signifi­catione15. Iuuenalis in IIII[4]: Ad terram tremulo discendunt clune16 puellae. Multa…confudisse genera inueniuntur uetustissimi, quos non sequimur17, ut ‘haec amnis,’ ‘funis,’ ‘anguis.’ Composita18 .. si adiectiua fiant, communia sunt, ut ‘hic sanguis’ ‘hic’ et ‘haec ex(s)anguis19’….
[ 121 ] P. 67a 1: inbannámit [ 122 ]2: bolcsithe   3: cliab   4: .i. deáith   5: .i. biáilde .i. femininum innagrece tis   6: biail   7: .i. ette ꝉ benn múir ꝉ pinna áith   8: ⁊ istren amal sodin   9: foncheill toissech[5]   10: occo esorcuin   11: ind­huinnius ardd   12: do­formagar briathar híc iterum fobíth as nathchian[6] inbriathar remeperthe ꝉ is excipitur as maith tuass niexcipi­untur · · ·   13: quia sit[7] banchu   14: coche ꝉ less   15: hiceill   16: onchochu   17: .i. amal asberar haec amnis reliqua ⁊ it­masculin­ni immurgu linni   18: iarna­comsuidigud   19: bán ·	[ 121 ] P. 67a 1. the female foe. [ 122 ]2. bellows.   3. a basket.   5. i.e. belonging to an axe, i.e. the feminine of the Greek below.   7. i.e. a wing or a pinnacle of a rampart.   8. and it is a sub­stantive in that case.   9. according to the first sense.   10. a-smiting it.   11. the tall ash-tree.   12. a verb (excipitur) is added here again, because the verb aforesaid is very remote. Or it is excipitur that is right above, not excipi­untur. 13. because there is a she-dog. 17. i.e. as haec amnis etc. is said, and yet with us they are masculine.   18. after their compo­sition.
leg. corbis MS. πηληκυν MS. πηληκηος securis MS. vi MS. tḣoissech, with punctum delens over the first h MS. nath chian leg. fit
[ 122 ] P. 67b ‘cuspis1,’ ‘hic’ et ‘haec tricuspis2.’   … ‘neptis3,4’ .. ‘peluis5’ .. …‘cassis6’…‘lis’ quoque ‘litis7.’   Graeca uero eandem habentia [ 123 ]terminationem genera quoque, quae apud Graecos habent8, seruant etiam apud Latinos…‘Tithis[1]9.’ ‘Molaris’…ad dentem10 uel lapidem refertur… Statius in V Thebaidos: uastaeque sudes[2]11 fractique molares. …‘cos cotis12’ .. ‘glos gloris13,14’ .. ‘compos15’ ‘impos16’…‘lepos17.’ ..Scyrus[3]18 .. cristallus19…passellus[4]20, arctus21 nam duae arcti sunt22.
[ 122 ] P. 67b 1: .i. airmtiud[5] .i. fograinne   2: treode ꝉ trecoste[6] .i. níbísón[7] tribus pedibus   3: .i. necht ·   4.: [in marg.] ingen bráthar .i. femininum indí as nepos ut postea dicet ·   5: loathar   6: barr   7: immargal is femininum dano ⁊ ata forbart and [ 123 ]8: .i. file apud graecos   9: foirrce   10: dodéit ·  11: beura[8]   12: lia   13: inducbál   14: [marg., man. al.] soror uiri   15: comairmith[9]   16: nephairmith[10]   17: sulbairegthid   18: .i. proprium són .i. os ·   19: aig   20: cenelae netha   21: sechtarét[11]   22: .i. indalanái antúaid alaile andess	[ 122 ] P. 67b 2. three-pointed or three-footed, i.e. it is not tribus pedibus.   4. a brother’s daughter, the feminine of nepos, as he will say after­wards.   7. contest: it is feminine and there is accretion in it. [ 123 ]8. i.e. which are with the Greeks.   13. glory[12].   18. i.e. this (is) a (Greek) proper name, i.e. in ‑os.   20. a kind of corn.   21. septentrio.   22. i.e. one of the two from the north, the other from the south.
leg. Thetis MS. uaste sudes MS. cyrus leg. phaselus ermited, ermted Trip. Life, 196, l. 8. irmtiud LU. 88b 26. o eirptiud .i. o erlonn (gl. a cospite) H. 2. 16, col. 97 recte trechoste leg. ní bí són ‘something which is with,’ J.S. beuru, Windisch, but according to Thumeysen the last letter is much more probably a MS. comairbmith, with punctum delens over b: cf. vol. 1. p. 172 note 1 MS. nephairmith with t over the m and i under it = sechte rét, ‘heptad of stars,’ Wb. 26d9 see Ducange s.v. glos
[ 123 ] P. 68a …‘lacertus1’ .. ‘artus2’…Lucanus in X: Quod Nilotis acus3 compresum pectine ferrum[1]. ..‘hoc acus4 huius aceris’…‘acus substernendum5 gallinis parturientibus. Acus in area6 excutitur.’   ‘Penus7’ iuuenitur et masculinum et femininum et neutrum.
[ 123 ] P. 68a 1: .i. doe láme   2: asil   3: nibu machdad bed coitchenn[2] reliqua   4: .i. cáith ꝉ cáithlech[3] reliqua   5: .i. cáith bed ṡrethi   6: isind ithlaind   7: cucan	[ 123 ] P. 68a 1. i.e. the lower arm.   2. it were no wonder that it should be common etc.
leg. Serum rectius choitchenn according to Thumeysen the reading is almost certain
[ 123 ] P. 68b Annone prosit, portet frumenta penusque1. …‘crus2’… Supra3 syllabam autem feminina sunt, ut ‘seruitus’.. In ‘ax’ desinentia…alia uero omnia, etiam si interposita sit alia consonans4, feminina sunt…. ‘merx5’ .. ‘pix6’ .. ‘calx7’… In ‘ex’ supra sillabam8 i antecedente in paenultima syllaba [ 124 ]feminina sunt…‘pellex9’ ‘carex10,’ βουτομων[1]11… Alia…masculina sunt: …‘culex12,’ ‘pollex13’ .. ‘murex14,’ ‘cortex15’…   ‘ueruex16’ …masculinum est. Iuuenalis in I: et elixi17 uerbecis labra comedit.
[ 123 ] P. 68b 1: incucain .i. acusatiuus neutri   2: aerachuir[2]   3: .i. huásillaib[3] .i. móa óen sillaib .i. níbi oen ṡillab amal innahí riam acht it deśillabcha reliqua   4: .i. hiter a ⁊ x cith etarṡuidigthe ⁊ cenip etarṡuidigthe[4] dano   5: cundrad   6: bí   7: sál   8: móa oldaas óenṡillab [ 124 ]9: mertrech ꝉ tudrachtaid ꝉ ben imtha .i. arindí dodúrget innafiru doǽtrud friu ꝉ do debuid   10: nomen féiuir   11: .i, damthóbae   12: cuil   13: orddu lámae   14: cocuir[5]   15: rusc   16: molt   17: bruithi l ·	[ 123 ] P. 68b 3. i.e. over a syllable, i.e. more than one syllable: there is not one syllable like those before, but they are disyllabic etc.   4. i.e. between a and x: though it be interposed and indeed though it be not interposed.   8. more than one syllable. [ 124 ]9. a harlot or exciter or concubine: because they excite the men to fornicate with them, or to quarrel.   10. name of a grass.   11. i.e. ‘ox-cutting’ (βούτομον).
leg. βούτομον The MS. has aerachair, with v (= u) written over i = húas sillaib here cith (cid) corresponds to the negative cenip, as mad to the negative manip leg. corcuir
[ 124 ] P. 69a …‘hic uarix1,’ ‘radix2.’ Excipitur ‘haec salix3’.. Et filicem curuis inuisam4 pascit aratris. ‘clasendix5’ quod significat concham qua signum6 tegitur. ..‘haec matrix7,’ ‘cornix8,’ ‘lodix9’…natrix10… Lucanus in VIIII: Et natrix11 uiolator12 aquae. Potest tamen hoc et figurate ad serpentem13 uideri redditum14, quod etiam15 feminino genere profertur, ut idem :     hinc maxima serpens Pithon16, sicut : Praeneste sub ipsa17 [ 125 ].. ‘obstetrix18’… Excipitur ‘hic fornix19,’ quod quamuis paenul­timam positione longuam habuit20, tamen mascu­linum est. …‘pernix21’… ..quamuis ‘hoc uictrix’ non memini22 me legisse, etsi analogia declina­tionis exigat23. …‘celox24,’ species est nauis, et monosillabis25… Sunt tamen, qui nomina­tiuum quoque putant sine n scriben­dum26. In ‘yx’ Graeca sunt et seruant eadem apud nos genera27… ‘sandyx28.’
[ 124 ] P. 69a 1: brecc[1]   2: .i. nomen holeris ⁊ quando radix meccon prodvcit · ra ·   3: sail ꝉ fit salio salix a se reliqua   4: miscsich[2]   5: .i. aesc[3] .i. combad argair aicnid adrímed insuidiguth   6: .i. rind .i. quia nomen sideris cancer et fit in medio conchae · ·   7: mátharlach   8: adircliu   9: sléic ꝉ ruamnae ꝉ diol[4]   10: tonnátech   11: ind nathirsin   12: élnithid   13: .i. aacomol frisan ainmm nád ḟil hi coibgi acht hifóetsecht .i. serpens   14: accomoltae   15: cid   16: issed aainmm   17: fon praeneste sin [ 125 ]18: ban terismid   19: buáidlia[5] ꝉ genus domús   20: ol-ṡodain bá ṡainred do ḟémiun   21: dían   22: bíid insin   23: abuith   24: sain écosc noe ꝉ alii dicunt .i. luam[6]   25: exceptis .i. ar nítat adiecti­sidi   26: combad ɔiux   27: file la grecu indib   28: glasen	[ 124 ] P. 69a 1. speckled.   2. i.e. the name of a vegetable, and when it means radix ‘a root’ it lengthens the ra.   5. i.e. a shell-fish, i.e. so he would reckon the position for shortness of nature[7].   6. i.e. a constellation.   9. ..(?) or haircloth (?) or..[8]?   10. poisonous.   11. that snake.   13. i.e. its connexion with the noun which is not in the context, but is understood i.e. serpens (uiolator).   14. connected.   16. this is its name.   17. under that (city of) Praeneste. [ 125 ]18. a female stander.   19. a victory-stone (triumphal arch) or a kind of house.   20. which should be peculiar to the feminine.   22. that is (although etc.).   23. its existence.   24. a peculiar species of ship, or as others say i.e. a yacht (?).   25. (uox, nox) being excepted, for these are not adjec­tives.   26. so that it should be conjux.   27. which are in them with the Greeks.
the glossator mistakes uarix for uarius MS. miscich cf. est concha aesc, Leyd. Prise. 161. KZ. xxxv. 152 the meaning of these words is obscure: lodix ‘ornamentum muliebre,’ Corpus Gl. Lat. v. 506 cf. buaidlię Sg. 15b11 should .i. luam follow noe directly? i.e. e must be short even before the double consonant sleic is rendered by ‘soap’ in Laws iv. 318
[ 125 ] P. 69b Graeca uero sine uotha eadem seruant1 et apud nos genera… ‘hic cimex2’.. ..‘git3’ μελάνθιον… Virgilius in X: Tu4 mihi nunc pugnae princeps5, tu rite propinques Augurium6 Phrigibusque7 adsis pede, diua, secundo8, …et fortasis quia aliud significant[1] ‘principia,’ ‘municipia,’ ‘parentia9,10…
[ 125 ] P. 69b 1: .i. file lagrecu indib   2: mílchumae   3: .i. nomen etha   4: æneas dixit ad berechin­thiam matrem deorum   5: .i. ban air­chinnech   6: cél   7: donaib tróiandib   8: huandas­cnam ṡóinmech   9: ando­fuismet .i. ilar rangabálae ⁊ ní nomen   10: .i. obedi­entia[2]	[ 125 ] P. 69b 1. i.e. which are in them with the Greeks.   2. a bug (?).   3. i.e. name of a corn[3].   5. i.e. female principal.   7. to the Trojans.   8. with a favour­able visit.   9. when they bring forth i.e. the plural of a parti­ciple, and it is not a noun.
MS. significat .i. obedientia is written by the third glossator under parentia cf. git genus herbe, Corp. Gloss. Lat. ii. 581. Git .i. cogal, Rev. Celt. ix. 235
[ 125 ] P. 70a ..‘lens1’…Ouidius in VII[1] Meta­morphose­on: Haud[2] procul egesta2 scrobibus tellure duabus [ 126 ]…‘stips3,’ ‘trabs4’ .. ‘puls5’ .. Quae uero supra sillabam6 sunt… ‘adeps7,’ ‘forceps8’…Marsus: adipis pondo uiginti9 uetustae. …‘praes10 praedis’… …‘haec aspergo11’ .. ‘cupressus12’..‘carbasus13’ .. ‘imbrex14’ .. ‘limbus15’…‘palumbem16’ .. ‘sup­patruus17,18’…‘torris19’ ὁ δαλός, ‘tiaras20’ …‘torquis21’…
[ 125 ] P. 70a 1: cenele neiha inde lenticula   2. .i. tecmaltai [ 126 ]3: indeb   4: .i. trost   5: íth   6: huilliu óinsillaib   7: lóon   8: tenchor .i. formum capiens unde est formosus[3] · ·   9: fiche pond   10: sommae   11: æsruth l·   12: proprium feda   13: seol   14: slind   15: ꝉ limbus .i. immdénom gauden­tius dicit · limbus sorculus de acu factus reliqua   16: fiad cholum[4] .i. palumbis   17: , 18: . cundu[5] brathair athar[6]   19: athinne   20: barr[7]   21: muintorc	[ 125 ] P. 70a 1. a kind of corn: hence lenticula.   2. i.e. collected. [ 126 ]6. greater than one syllable.   9. twenty pounds.   10. rich.   12. the proper name of a tree.   13. a sail.   15. (limbus a small ship) or limbus an orna­mental border.   16. a wild pigeon.   17, 18. con­sanguini­ty, a father’s brother.   21. neck-chain.
MS. vi MS. aut forcipes eo quod formum capiant, quae sunt fabrorum: ‘formum’ enim dixerunt antiqui ‘calidum’: unde et formosus, Isid. Etymol. Lib. xx. the lower half of the f is now illegible, but the upper half is clear: cf. fiad ‘wild’ cf. Fél. Oeng., Index cundu is written over sup- brathair athar over -patruus cf. Vol. i. pp. 1, 2
[ 126 ] P. 70b ‘uepres1’… …‘hoc glomus2’.. …‘Histrum’ pro ‘Hister3’ et ‘Rhenum’ .. ‘Oceanum,’ hoc4 tamen quotiens flumen5 seque­batur, solebant facere. Ennius in Annalibus: Interea fugit albus iubar Hyperionis6 cursum. Caluus in epithalamio: Vesperum[1]7 ante iubar quatiens Caesar Strabo8…domo flagrata9… …‘pecus10’… ut, quicquid loquitur, sal merum11 est. etiam hoc sale Ennius protulit in XIIII Annalium: Caeruleum12 spumat sale… Supra dictorum tamen nominum usus et apud Caprum et apud Probum13 de dubiis generibus inuenis.
[ 126 ] P. 70b 1: driss   2: certle   3: huili sís   4: neutur dodenam[2] diib   5: aní as flumen   6: ind réta sin   7: arrind sin   8: cammderc   9: diulsidi[3] 10: cethir   11: salann glan   12: dubglass   13: airmm inaisṅdethat de dubiis generibus	[ 126 ] P. 70b 3. all below (are river-names).   4. to make neuters of them.   5. that which is flumen (the word flumen).   6. of that star.   7. that star.   13. the place in which they treat of doubtful genders.
leg. Hesperium mir erschien ‑denom wahr­scheinli­cher, Windisch di-od-lassidi, Asc. Gl. cxlvi.
[ 126 ] P. 71a Numerus est dictionis forma, quae discretionem quantitatis1 facere potest. Est autem singu­laris uel pluralis, nam dualis2 apud Latinos non inuenitur. Et sciendum est quod in uno3 proprie [ 127 ]non dicitur nuraerus sed abusiue, quomodo nomina­tiuus casus non est sed abusiue casus dicitur, quod facit alios casus, quamuis multi de hoc dicant4, quod ideo casus sit dicendus quod a generali nomine5 cadunt omnium speci­alium nomina­tiui. Sed si ob hoc6 casus est dicendus, omnes partes orationis possunt uideri casum habere; et uerbum enim et aduerbium et con­iunctio a generali uerbo7 et aduerbio et con­iunctione cadunt in speciales positi­ones singu­larum8. Alii autem dicunt, quod ipsa termi­natio nomina­tiui cadens in alias diuersas termina­tiones non incongrue casus nominatur, cum naturam habeat, ut cadere possit et cadendo9 faciat omnes casus; quippe si casus dicitur10 non solum illud in quod[1] cadat11 aliquid, sed etiam ipsa res, quae cadit12. Unde aptota dicunt13 illa nomina doctis­simi artium scrip­tores, quae nomina­tiuum tantum habent casum, in quo refutatur illorum ratio14, qui ideo putant eum casum nominatum, quod a generali nomine cadat15. Possumus autem et a maiore et frequen­tiore parte casuum17 qui sunt obliqui, hunc quoque accipere nominatum, quomodo et syllabas ex singulis uocalibus dicimus18. Ergo singu­laris quoque nuraerus bene dicitur, quod…omnes numeri ex ipso com­ponuntur et in ipsum de­soluuntur19.
[ 126 ] P. 71a 1: .i. herchoiliud folaid   2: .i. áram inchosaig dede ar is áram hilair lalaitnori acht asringba óen ·   3: in óen [ 127 ]4: ⁊ ní cétbaid dosom   5: .i. huandí as nomen as ochtmath rann ininsci   6: uan­dligud­sa   7: uand anmmaim chenelach as uerbum   8: amal rondgab amo as indí as uerbum ⁊ bene as indí as aduerbium ⁊ reliqua   9: lase dotuit ind[2] ainmnid   10: deithbir ciasberthar casus nominatiu(us)   11: sechi ed .i. amal rongabsat intúisil olchenæ hituiter   12: .i. amal rongab int­ainmnid asatuiter   13: .i. huare nád tuiter essib hituisliu aili   14: artotuiter acenélchi hi sain gnúis in aptotís   15: uandhí as nomen as ochtmad rann in insci ut diximus   16: .i. idem hoc ⁊ quod praedixit .i. quomodo nominatiuus non est reliqua ⁊ issed són · as maith leosom   17: .i. huare is lia aní dianeperr casus and   18: arit lia sillaba illitrib quam ó oinlitrib   19: .i. in oena focerddar ⁊ do­fuasailg­ther cach áram	[ 126 ] P. 71a 1. i.e. determination of substance.   2. i.e. the number that signifies a pair of things, for with the Latins it is the plural number provided it exceed one. [ 127 ]4. and it is not an opinion of his.   5. i.e. from the noun which is one of the eight parts in speech[3].   6. by this law.   7. from the general noun that is uerbum.   8. as for instance amo from that which is uerbum, and bene from that which is aduerbium.   9. when the nomi­native falls.   10. it is reason­able that one should say nomina­tiuus casus.   11. whatever it may be, i.e. such as the other cases in which there is falling.   12. i.e. as such as the nomi­native from which there is falling.   13. i.e. since there is no falling from them into other cases.   14. for in aptota there is falling from general­ity into a special figure.   15. from nomen, which is one of the eight parts in speech, as we said.   16. and that is what they like.   17. i.e. since more numerous is that to which the name casus is given.   18. for syllables of many letters are more numerous than those of single letters.   19. i.e. every number is cast and resolved into units.
MS. quo leg. int for the meaning here and in 71a15 given to the ordinal, see Ir. Texte iv. preface xiv; Celt. Archiv i. 322; and Rev. Celt. xxii. 434. So in Irish (?) Latin: ostendit quod nomen octaua pars orationis est, Ars Anonyma Bernensis, Suppl. Gramm. Lat. p. 64
[ 127 ] P. 71b …nihil ultra1 citraque2 intellegere liceat… Ergo dubitationem [ 128 ]pluralium discutit adiunctio eorum nominum, quae singulis numeris sunt propria suae cuiusdam positi­onis, quippe cum sint pluralia non a singu­laribus nata3. Numeros autem hae habent dictiones4​…​id est nomina5, uerba, parti­cipia, pronomina. Aduerbium uero, quamuis saepe de­monstret numerum6 ad signifi­cationem nominum nume­ralium7, non tamen quasi acce­dentem hunc habet8. Acce­dentia9 enim generalia fere sunt10 ad omnes species parti um perfec­tarum11. Quod enim dicas singu­laris numeri aduerbium uel quod pluralis? cum similiter omne aduerbium12 tam singu­laribus quam plura­libus uerbis ad­iungitur​….​‘singu­latim13’​….​‘sepissime14 dicimus,’ quod in nulla parte alia numerum possi­dente potest con­tingere15 nisi figurate16​….​Praeterea nomen et pronomen et uerbum et parti­cipium17 decli­nantur18 in numeros…
[ 127 ] P. 71b 1: altarach .i. frie anall   2: centarach .i. frie deṡiu [ 128 ]3: .i. ar isleo feissin insuidigud hitaat ar ní ro­chinnset ónach uathuth etir ut nomina pluralia techtaite uathath · · ·   4: ar aicci­ditib dóib   5: ar sluindid ainmm persain   6: .i. dofoirṅde do­briathar[1] árim fo­chosmail­ius dofóirndet nomina numeri   7: .i. fo­chosmail­ius nonda­failsige­tar nomina numeri   8: .i. is airi ní aiccidit di aram air cia beit do­briathra[2] persandi robiat sidi cenáraim · ·   9: ataat andsom acciditi coitchenna reliqua   10: amal rongab inanmmanaib slond persine ⁊ ní aiccidit sibi calléic   11: .i. Ián .i. octo amal rongab in nomine persona ⁊ non accidens sibi   12: .i. issí in­do­briathar[1] chétna ad­chomaltar frisna briathra huathati ⁊ hilddai · ·   13: ind óendaid   14: dobriathar áirme leiss sepissime   15: accomol fri huathad ⁊ hilar   16: .i. dolbud filed ut pars in frusta[3] secant   17: cenmathá dobrethir ⁊ alaaili   18: is accidit doṡuidib numerus ·	[ 127 ] P. 71b 1. ultra i.e. on the far side of it.   2. citra i.e. on the near side of it. [ 128 ]3. i.e. for the position in which they are is their own; for they have not descended from any singular at all, as do plural nouns that have a singular number.   4. as accidents to them.   5. for (the) noun signifies a person.   6. i.e. the adverb denotes a number even as the nouns of number denote (it).   7. i.e. even as nouns of number manifest it.   8. i.e. hence number is not an accident to it, for although there be personal adverbs, they can be without number.   9. there are there common accidents etc.   10. as there is in nouns the signifi­cation of person and yet it is not an accident of theirs.   11. i.e. full i.e. octo, as in the noun there is person, and this is not one of its accidents.   12. i.e. it is the same adverb that is joined to the singular and plural verbs.   14. he takes saepis­sime as a numeral adverb.   15. junction with the singular and the plural.   16. i.e. a poet’s figure, ut etc.   17. except the adverb and other (parts of speech).   18. to these number is an accident.
MS. dobreth˘ MS. dobre˘ MS. frustṛ̇a
[ 128 ] P. 72a In uerbis1 nulla uox eadem quae apud Latinos singularis et pluralis [ 129 ]est, id quia[1] apud Graecos interdum inuenitur, ut ἦλθον2 ἐγὼ, ἦλθον ἐκεῖνοι[2]. Et in mobilibus3 trium generum omnibus singularia feminina et pluralia neutra eandem uocem habent4: ‘haec prima’ ἡ πρώτη καὶ τὰ πρῶτα5…   In tertia omnia in ‘es6’ productam disi­nentia…   ‘Qui7’ quoque tam singu­laris est nomina­tiuus quam pluralis.
[ 128 ] P. 72a 1: .i. quae habent personas certas .i. combad choitchen etir uathad ⁊ ilar doneuch dofoirṅde persain deirb [ 129 ]2: coitchena so etir diárim in oenṡun .i. innabriathra grecdi se ·   3: .i. fodalet chenél   4: .i. hinunn litred do uathath femin ⁊ do hilur neutair in anmmanaib fodalet chenel   5: .i. haec .i. hilar neutuir   6: fodeud sin   7: aní as qui	[ 128 ] P. 72a 1. i.e. so that it should be common, both in singular and plural, to what signifies a deter­minate person. [ 129 ]2. these are common between the two numbers in one word, i.e. these Greek words.   3. i.e. which distin­guish gender.   4. i.e. the same combi­nation-of-letters for the feminine singular and for the neuter plural in nouns that distin­guish gender.   5. i.e. neuter plural.   6. this (is) at the end.
leg. quod MS. ηλητον ηιτο ηλητωn κνινωι
[ 129 ] P. 72b …propria, quae naturaliter indiuidua sunt1… …sed casu2 diuersis contigere personis… ‘Gallia’ citerior3 et ‘Gallia’ ulterior4…   …idem possunt signi­ficare5. …si col­libuisset, quomodo ‘cruores,’ dicere ‘sanguines’…nihil impediret6.
[ 129 ] P. 72b 1: ni fodlatar fri slond nilḟolod   2: óthecmung[1]   3: as chen­tarchu   4: as hire   5: .i. issed afolad cétna beos toḟóirṅdet   6: .i. ma­nu­toltanai­ged do ni bói ni aridgarad de	[ 129 ] P. 72b 1. they are not divided so as to signify many substances.   2. by accident.   5. i.e. it is the same substance which they still signify.   6. i.e. had it been pleasing to him there was nothing to keep him from it.
MS. ó theɔmung: cf. Sg. 186a1
[ 129 ] P. 73a …humidorum1…‘stagnum2’..‘auricalcum3’ …‘abriza[1]4’ .. ‘faba5’ .. ‘pissa6’ .. ‘acetum7,’ ‘liquamen8,’ ‘mulsum9’… …quod10 quidem…haec pro­tulerunt numero…   …ut ‘Gemini11’… et ‘Pisces12,’ usu13, ut ‘manes’… Sunt quaedam singu­laria uoce, intel­lectu pluralia, quae etiam compre­hensiua14 dicuntur… …idem signifi­cantia15. [ 130 ]Figura quoque dictionis in quantitate16 comprehenditur…
[ 129 ] P. 73a 1: innafliuchaide   2: stán   3: crédume   4: díor .i. color auri · cicero   5: seib   6: piss   7: fín acat   8: lind   9: lemnach l˘   10: ol   11: .i. castor ⁊ pullux ní eperr acht hilar dóib dogres in hilur dano asberr arind hiroṡoithe   12: ainm renda   13: .i. tre gnais aṁbuithe in hilur   14: .i. ɔtetar­thet hilardataid inna ninni   15: afolad cetna [ 130 ]16: .i. issinméit ṁbis indepert .i. immar fa bec	[ 129 ] P. 73a 1. of the moist things.   2. tin.   4. gilding.   11. i.e. (the twins) Castor and Pollux: naught save the plural is ever used (lit. said) for them: so the plural is used of the constel­lation into which they were turned.   12. name of a constel­lation.   13. i.e. through the usage of their being in the plural.   14. i.e. they comprise plurality in their signi­fication.   15. the same substance. [ 130 ]16. i.e. in the extent to which the vocable is: i.e. whether it be great or small.
Priscian’s ὄρυζα, which the glossator mistook for obryza χρυσίον ὄβρυζον; cf. abrizum, splendor auri, Corp. Gloss. Lat, v. 259. The gloss díor is = diór Wind. Wtb.
[ 130 ] P. 73b separatim accepta est figura1 a Graecis.   …quia, quod suum est composi­torum, non habet, id est ut ipsa per se ex diuersis compo­natur dictio­nibus separatim intel­ligendis2 sub uno accentu et unam rem suppo­sitam, id est signifi­candam accipiat3, ut est ‘res puplica’… Una enim est res supposita4, duae uero uoces5 diuersae sub uno accentu prolatae… Si enim dicam: ‘magnani­mitas compo­situm est a magno et animitate,’ nihil dico6, ‘animitas’ enim per se non dicitur7. …‘impietas,’ ‘infeli­citas’ ‘perfectio.’ Quae si ab impio et infelice et perfecto dicamus deriuata, decom­posita sunt8…
[ 130 ] P. 73b 1: gnǽ far leth″ far figuir insin ′ farleth[1] .i. tresṅgné   2: .i. cia­etir­scartar inna eperta bíte isnchomsuidigthiu ad­cuiretar[2] do hógi ⁊ sluindit ní iarna netar­scarad · ·   3: oinḟolad sluindite[3] iarcomsuidigud .i. afolad foṡuidigther fondṡun ·   4: .i. óenfolad   5: dasonsón   6: niepur ní sin .i. nidliged   7: do ṡlund nach ḟolaid triit feissin   8: .i. bit dechomsuidigthi asbertar mad hed[4] insin asberthar díib	[ 130 ] P. 73b 1. that is a species apart of [lit. on] the figure: ‘apart,’ that is, by the species.   2. i.e. though the words that are in the compound are separated they return to integrity, and signify somewhat after their separa­tion.   3. they express one substance after compo­sition, that is, the substance put under the word.   4. i.e. one substance.   5. that is, two (different) words.   6. I say nothing therein[5], i.e. it is not a law.   7. to express by itself any substance.   8. i.e. they will be called decom­posita, if that be said of them.
leg. gnǽ far leth far figuir insin? J.S. MS. adcuirethar MS. sluid · the first letter can be h or b, Thurn­eysen cf. p. 62 note a
[ 130 ] P. 74a …ut[1] est ‘facio efficio1’…   …illa participia uidentur a sempli­cibus suis2 esse composita, quae non uerborum sui temporis, sed partici­piorum sempli­cium regulam seruant, ut…‘contuli conlatus3’ a simplici ‘latus.’ …‘senatus­decretum4,’ ‘plebi­scitum5’…
[ 130 ] P. 74a 1: amal[2] in compositis   2: hó­rangaba­laib diutib   3: ní ɔtulitus dogni   4: rangabál   5: rangabál	[ 130 ] P. 74a 1. as in compounds.   2. from simple participles.   3. it does not make con­tulitus. 4, 5. a parti­ciple.
MS. id MS. am
[ 130 ] P. 74b ‘causidicus1’…‘nequis2.’   Ipsa tamen quoque ante composita necesse est in duas intel­legibiles dictiones resolui3.   Ex hoc compo­nitur ‘impotens’…ex simplici et decom­posito4.   …si duo sint nomi­natiui, ex utraque parte decli­natur compo­situm…quod Graeci nunquam faciunt in [ 131 ]compo­sitis5. Dicunt enim, oportere compa­ginem, qua cohaerent in compo­sitione dictiones, immobilem manere6. Hoc igitur non seruantes7 Latini diuisorum quidem utimur decli­natione, accentu tamen composi­torum. Quod dicentes non uidemur contra supra dictam Graecorum de compagine rationem facere8…
[ 130 ] P. 74b 1: .i. cause aduerbium .i. indaicsendaid   2: ninech   3: atua­sulcud adi indi rainn iṅgnaidi ·   4: .i. cach hae díib son [ 131 ]5: .i. an diall óchechtar[1] indarann   6: aram bé indalarann cen diall   7: tairissem indala­rainne cen diall   8: ní etar­scarad[2] comsuidigthi file and huare is foen[3] aicciund adfiadar	[ 130 ] P. 74b 1. causally.   3. their resolution into two intelligible parts.   4. i.e. each of them. [ 131 ]5. i.e. the declension in each of the two parts (of the compound).   6. that one of the two parts be un­declined.   7. the persis­tence of one of the two parts without declen­sion.   8. it is not a sepa­ration of a compound which is here, since it is pro­nounced under a single accent.
MS. oechtar, but see ó chechtar, Sg. 75a3 MS. etar scarad leg. fo oen
[ 131 ] P. 75a …‘alteruter alterutrius,’ quod tamen ipsum non absque ratione non decli­natur1. Nam cum duae contra se pugnant regulae, ut alteram2 seruet, necesario perdidit alteram3. Unde Cicero pro M. Marcello: ‘quod si in alterutro4 peccatum sit, malim timidus quam parum prudens uideri.’ Itaque mascu­linum quoque5 eorum est declina­tionem secutum propter rationem supra dictam in ‘ius’ termi­nantis genetiui, qui communis trium uult esse generum. Nec solum tamen in declina­tionibus6 nominum hoc contin­guit, sed etiam in accen­tibus7, ut…‘plerusque pleraque plerumque.’ …‘que8’ enim, nisi separata sit…coniun­ctio enclitica esse non debet, nisi illud dicamus, quod ‘que,’ quando cum intigris compo­nitur dicti­onibus, quamuis signifi­cationem suam amittat…, tamen enclitici uim seruat, exceptis diffe­rentiae causa ‘itaque,’ ‘utique’;
[ 131 ] P. 75a 1: níchendliged anephdiall ódibrannaib   2: ingenitin coitchen tre­chinélai   3: adiall ó chechtar indarann   4: .i. ní altero­utro asbeir · issechtar rolaa a­dilledchi ní immedón   5: .i. alteruter cesu chomsuidigthe ódib nógaib file hisuidiu   6: comai­techt ceniuil dochenéul indiull   7: biid dano comai­techt ceneuil dochenéul in aiccendaib   8: aní as que[1]	[ 131 ] P. 75a 1. not without principle is their absence of declen­sion in the two parts.   2. the common tri­generic genitive.   3. its declen­sion in each of the two parts.   4. i.e. ’tis not altero utro that he says: ’tis outside he has put (exposuit) its declin­ability, not in the middle.   5. i.e. alteruter; although it is a compound of two integrals that is here.   6. congru­ence of gender to gender in declen­sion.   7. so there is congru­ence of gender to gender in accents.
MS. q.
[ 131 ] P. 75b in his enim non solum coniunctio, sed etiam praeposita ei1 aduerbia uim propriae signifi­cationis con­uertunt composita. Vetus­tissimi tamen2 et ‘altera utra’ et [ 132 ]‘alterum utrum’ et ‘alterius utrius’ solebant proferre3 et ‘plerus plera plerum4’ absque ‘que’ additione. Ergo nihil aliud est in his nominibus ‘que’ nisi syllaba epectasis5…et ‘plerus plera plerum’ et ‘plerusque pleraque plerumque’ idem signi­ficant6. ‘Uter’ enim, πότερος, diuiduam uim habet7, ‘uterque’ ἑκάτερος, collec­tiuam8… …‘que9’… Et inuenimus per omnes fere casus composita10, ut ‘iuris­peritus11’…‘prae­fectus­urbi12’…‘agricola agrum’
[ 131 ] P. 75b 1: .i. dondí as que[1]   2: .i. ciasid ruburt frit tuas alter utra pro altera utra robói camaiph dano laarsaidi altera utra ⁊ alterum utrum .i. comsuidigud odib nogaib isind­ḟemun ⁊ neutur amal rondgab isinmascul ·  [ 132 ]3: .i. daeltais dano fo a dánog inna­genitin   4: robói són dano leo   5: .i. olní comacomol · que iṅge mad[2] etar­scartha ⁊ ol issinunn sluindess plerus ⁊ plerusque[3] · reliqua   6: .i. afolad cétna   7: ad unum uirum pertinet sed isfer addiis   8: dodiis asberr són semper   9: ani asque   10: .i. comsuidgud fricach tuisel   11: comsuidigud fri­genitne insin   12: fri­tobar­thaid	[ 131 ] P. 75b 1. i.e. to que.   2. i.e. though I have said to thee above, alter utra for altera utra, the ancients, however, had altera utra and alterum utrum, i.e. compo­sition of two integrals in the feminine and neuter as is in the masculine.   [ 132 ]3. i.e. they used to decline it then according to its two integrals in its genitive.   4. this, then, they had.   5. i.e. because que is not a conjunc­tion unless it be separated, and because plerus and plerusque signify the same, etc.   6. i.e. the same substance.   7. it belongs to one man, but it is one out of two.   8. of a pair this is said always.   10. i.e. compo­sition with every case.   11. that is compo­sition with genitives.   12. with a dative.
MS. q. cf. LU. 57b35 MS. plerusq.
[ 132 ] P. 76a colens1…‘macte’ id est magis aucte2… Nominatiuus…dicitur casus, quod ex ipso nascuntur omnes alii, uel quod cadens a sua termi­natione in alias facit obliquos casus3. Quaeritur autem, quid sit inter indeclinabilia et aptota[1] et monoptota4?
[ 132 ] P. 76a 1: fri áinsid   2: fri togarthaith .i. a már thórmachtai   3: .i. is bec nand sinunn andéde nísiu   4: .i. cid .i. interrogatio	[ 132 ] P. 76a 1. with an accusative.   2. with a vocative, i.e. O greatly increased!   3. i.e. these two (expla­nations) are nearly the same.   4. what (is their differ­ence?) i.e. a question.
MS. quod aptota Herz.
[ 132 ] P. 76b Neutrum uero si sit aptotum, neces­sario etiam pro accu­satiuo et uocatiuo accipitur eius nomi­natiuus, quod generale est omnium neutrorum1… …‘hi quatuor, horum · iiii ·’…2 Velut autem una uoce diuersas possunt habere signifi­cationes3 tam decli­nabilia per quosdam casus4 quam indecli­nabilia per omnes casus, sic e contrario diuersis uocibus saepe inuenimus unam eandem que fieri signifi­cationem, ut ‘labor’ et ‘labos5’…‘ei6’ uel ‘ii’… Est autem rectus, qui et nominatiuus dicitur. Per ipsum enim [ 133 ]nominatio fit7… Rectus autem dicitur, quod ipse primus natura nascitur uel positione8…
[ 132 ] P. 76b 1: .i. atréde sin doairbirt as ind ainmnid   2: ar­desim­recht dobeirsem in daarticul híc biit dano fris huile samlaid ⁊ reliqua síc   3: .i. do oen forggnuis   4: .i. ainmnid ⁊ togarthid genitiu ⁊ tobarthid cétnæ diil ⁊ reliqua   5: is hinunn intṡliucht sluindite diblinaib ⁊ reliqua síc   6: .i. huandí as is eius ei [ 133 ]7: is triit biid ainmnigud innadulo indírgi   8: frislond dúlo	[ 132 ] P. 76b 1. i.e. that those three (nom., ace. and voc.) should be derived from the nomi­native.   2. for an example he puts the two articles here: they are then with it all thus.   3. i.e. to one form.   4. i.e. the nomi­native and vocative, the genitive and dative of the first declen­sion etc.   5. identical is the meaning which both express etc. sic.   6. i.e. from is, eius, ei. [ 133 ]7. by means of it is the naming of the thing in direct­ness.   8. in order to signify a thing.
[ 133 ] P. 77a …generale uidetur esse hic casus genitiuus1… …patrony­mica pariter2 in eum re­soluuntur. …causa­tiuus’…‘in causa hominem facio4.’ …a notioribus et frequentioribus acceperunt nominationem, sicut in aliis quoque multis hoc inuenimus5…‘neutra’ dicimus uerba, non quod solum ea in hac specie inueni­untur, quae neutram habent significa­tionem6, id est nec actiuam nee pasiuam7, absolute dicta8… Genetiuus secundum locum sibi defendit: hic quoque naturale uinculum generis posidet9, et nascitur quidem a nomi­natiuo…
[ 133 ] P. 77a 1: tuistenach eo quod fere omnes casus generat   2: fri aitreb­thacha[1]   3: cóisid   4: .i. dandiut[2] combe hicóis   5: .i. ainmnigud dind rét as mám and   6: .i. ithé sidi nad­techtat inn­airde­gnúsigud cechtar de   7: .i. huacheill gníma ⁊ chesta   8: .i. oté[3] .i. mani techtat inda airdigtha   9: .i. macc indead aathar	[ 133 ] P. 77a 1. generative, because it generates almost all the cases.   2. with posses­sives.   4. i.e. I bring him down so that he may be in cause.   5. i.e. naming from the thing that is greatest therein.   6. i.e. these are they that do not possess either signi­fication.   7. i.e. from the sense of action and passion.   8. i.e. and they, i.e. unless they possess the two signifi­cations.   9. i.e. a son after his father.
der strich unter ut (priami filius) steht wohl nur zufällig über ‑thacha, Thurneysen cf . d-aṅ-diat muir Sg. 8a9, Sarauw, Irske Studier, p. 77 Vol. i. p. 717, Asc. Gl. 221
[ 133 ] P. 77b datiuus, qui magis amicis conuenit, tertium1, et quod uel eandem habet uocera genetiuo uel unius abiec­tione uel motatione literae2 ab eo2a fit2b qui uero magis ad inimicos attinet, id est accusa­tiuus, quartum3… Igitur ablatiuus proprius est Romanorum et…quia nouus uidetur a Latinis inuentus, uetustati reli­quorum casuum concessit, quamuis hunc quoque a[1] uetus­tissimis Graecorum gramma­ticis accepisse uidentur, qui sextum casum dicebant ‘οὐρανόθεν,’ ‘ἐμέθεν4’…qui profecto ablatiui uim possidet: nam etiam praeposi­tionem assumit, ut ‘ἐξ ἐμέθεν5,’ ‘ἐξ οὐρανόθεν’ Homerus. His quidam addunt ilia, quae tam uoce quam signifi­catione unum casum habent6, ut ‘huiusmodi,’ ‘istius­modi.’
[ 133 ] P. 77b 1: .i. locum defḟendit   2. amal ṁ bís indarpe ·s· degenitin quartiil ⁊ i dothórmuch   2a. .i. genitiuo   2b. .i. datiuus   3. .i. locum defendit   4. .i. foxlaid ueterum graecorum   5. ɔeperr hoc is dothucad exemplum   6: .i. ité són aptota lessem riam	[ 133 ] P. 77b 2. even as there is the ejection of s from the genitive of the fourth declen­sion and the addition of i in the dative.   4. i.e. the ablative of the ancient Greeks.   5. so that this is said: ’tis for this an example has been cited.   6. i.e. these are aptota according to him (Priscian) before[2].
om. MS. cf. Priscian v. §§ 47, 68
[ 134 ] P. 78a Caper…ostendit hoc usum1 Catullum…   …‘sole2’ quoque antiqui.
[ 134 ] P. 78a 1: ararubart bith   2: .i. bíidsón dano do thogarthid	[ 134 ] P. 78a 1. that he has used.   2. i.e. this, then, is for a vocative.
[ 134 ] P. 78b …ut ‘sponte sua1’…   Denique in comparationibus absque praepo­sitione solet proferri ablatiuus, nec tamen dicit quisquam2 septimum tunc esse casum, sed ablatiuum… In quo omnes artium scrip­tores consen­tiunt3…
[ 134 ] P. 78b 1: .i. toglenemon exempli a · sua   2: .i. cesu chen remsuidigud do   3: eperta foxlada[1] do	[ 134 ] P. 78b 1. i.e. the sua is a superfluous addition[2] to the example.   2. i.e. although it is without a prepo­sition.   3. in calling it an ablative.
Perhaps the gen. after an Irish verb = consentio is a relic of a construction like that of the gen. after Latin im­personal verbs of feeling, W.S.; cf. the genitive with the adjective, e.g. com­chosmail crotha ⁊ delba Rev. Celt. xiii. 440, J.S. lit. adherence: toglenemon = toglenamon infra 104b2, cf. Rev. Celt. xx. 445
[ 134 ] P. 88 …‘rege Latino’ pro ‘regnante Latino,’ quamuis1 in huius­cemodi quoque construc­tionibus sub­auditur parti­cipium substan­tiuum.   …‘ἐν τῷ βασιλεύειν2 Τραϊανόν’ ἀντὶ τοῦ ‘βασιλεύοντος3 Τραϊανοῦ[1].’ Etiam tunc pro genetiuo ponitur Graeco, quando per parti­cipium ‘habens4’ et accusa­tiuum inter­pretamur eum…
[ 134 ] P. 88 1: adas   2: proprium masued   3: exemplum ɔfail infinitiuus and argenitin rangabala   4: as habens	[ 134 ] P. 88 2. a proper name if it is[2].   3. an example so that an infin­itive is therein for the genitive of a parti­ciple.
MS. εν το βασιλευε intraiano nantiτου βασιλεύοντος tρatanoy cf. p. 71 note e
[ 134 ] P. 90a Lib. VI. Igitur excusatio mihi sit audacis incepti1 diffi­cillima recusatio2 tuae iussionis. …multo labore inuenta et diuerso auctoritatis usu approbata3 subiungam[1].   …nec mirum, cum etiam ipsi proba­tissimi artium scrip­tores non omnino certis haec regulis4 dis­seruisse noscuntur. Solatio enim mihi ipse esse possum, qui ueterum scriptorum artis gramma­ticae uitia corrigere, quamuis audacis­sime5, sed maximis aucto­ribus Herodiano et Appol­lonio confisus ingredior, si quid in meis quoque homani erroris6 acciderit scriptis, quod sit emen­dandum7. …‘sophista8’…
[ 134 ] P. 90a 1: .i. denom indṡáirsi   2: ní ɔtalla obbad fair[2] itir   3: .i. anderbad hua desimrechtaib auctoritatis   4: .i. nihuile asderb   5: cesu­dánatu dom   6: ar ní coimtig duine cen­chomror­cain   7: .i. ishe se incomdíthnad .i. ol as cocarti   8: fissith	[ 134 ] P. 90a 1. i.e. the making of the art (ars).   2. it does not admit of refusal at all[3].   3. i.e. to certify them by examples of authority.   4. i.e. not all is certain.   5. though it is boldness in me.   6. for not frequent is one without error.   7. i.e. this is the conso­lation, i.e. because it is to be corrected.
MS. subgungam cf. ni thalla rím no airem furri, Aisl. 3 cf. Rev. Celt. xxi. 176, Sarauw, Irske Studier 49
[ 134 ] P. 90b Valerius autem Maximus in II Memorabilium ponit ‘alienigena [ 135 ]studia1,’ quod prima decli­natio non habet. …nec idem esse singu­laris nomina­tiuus neutri generis in a disinens et nomina­tiuus pluralis2.’ Nec non cetera similiter a genere composita3 proferebant… ‘tauri­genus4,’ idque usus confirmat. Pacuuius[1] in Paulo: Qua uix[2] caprigeno generi5 gradi­bilis gressio est. Cicero in prognos­ticis: Caprigeni pecoris6 custos de gurgite uasto. …‘unus’​…​‘ullus’​…​‘nullus7’​…​‘solus’ ​…​‘totus’​…​‘alius’​…​‘uter’​…​‘alter.’… Similiter ab eis composita8…
[ 135 ] P. 90b 1: .i. hilar neutair farcétnu diull   2: .i. diambed didiu neutur far cétnu diull ropad far nóeṅdeilb nobbiad a ainmid huathaid ⁊ hilair   3: huandí asgenus   4: .i. coitchen dechenéli indiu la­nue­litridi   5: .i. foneutur   6: foneutur   7: .i. cid ara nílaigedar árim · a · nullus quia compositum ut in ante ostendet · reliqua   8: huanaib oct sa anúas	[ 135 ] P. 90b 1. i.e. a neuter plural according to the first declension.   2. i.e. if, then, there were a neuter according to the first declen­sion its nom. sing. and pl. would be according to the same paradigm.   3. from genus.   4. i.e. to-day, with modern writers, (are they) common bigeneric[3].   5. i.e. in the neuter.   6. in the neuter.   7. i.e. why does nullus form a plural number? because it is a compound, as he will shew after­wards[4] etc.   8. from these eight above (unus, ullus, nullus, solus, totus, alius, uter, alter).
MS. Pacubias MS. quia uia cf. Sg. 63a 1, 75a 2, and GC.² 236 Prisc. ii. 7
[ 135 ] P. 91a …hoc enim quoque rarior habet usus1 et uetustior… …‘paterfamilias’ et ‘materfamilias’ solemus dicere, et frequens hoc habet usus2. Dicitur tamen et ‘pater familiae3’…
[ 135 ] P. 91a 1: .i. techt innageniten · in · i · ⁊ intobarthado in o in hís   2: .i. buith innageniten in · as ·   3: .i. cesu pater familias asruburt	[ 135 ] P. 91a 1. i.e. the ending in these of the genitive in ‑i and of the dative in ‑o.   2. i.e. that the genitive should be in ‑as.   3. i.e. although it is pater familias that I have said.
[ 135 ] P. 91b …sed filii familiarum1… …patribus familiis2… …lepida3… …glaucomam4……. …sed etiam ‘mille5’…
[ 135 ] P. 91b 1: .i. combí dano filius familiarum nominatiuo   2: huandí aspatres familiis   3: sulbair   4: .i. áinsid dano[1] cetni diil laarsidi   5: is nephdilledach són dano	[ 135 ] P. 91b 1. i.e. so that filius familiarum is the nominative.   2. from patres familiis.   4. the accu­sative, then, of the first declen­sion with the ancients.   5. this then is in­declina­ble.
written above the line
[ 135 ] P. 92a …Capsa1… In paucis tamen inueniuntur poetae Graecis seruase morem Graecum2; Statius in IIII Thebaidos: [ 136 ] Non Tegea3 non ipsa deo uocat alite felix Cyllene. …‘hoc mantile4’…
[ 135 ] P. 92a 1: comrar[1]   2: .i. airdiden indainmedo téte in · a · [ 136 ]3: .i. airdíxa ·a· and fochosmailius grec ·   4: .i. lámtheoir [man. alt.] uesti­mentum	[ 135 ] P. 92a 1. a box.   2. i.e. the production of the nominative which ends in a. [ 136 ]3. i.e. a is long in it, after the fashion of the Greeks.
the glossator mistakes the place-name Capsa for the common noun capsa
[ 136 ] P. 92b …holitor1.… Frequentior tamen usus ‘hoc cepe’ protulit2…in patellis3 coquere coepe. …accepta[1] e faciunt genitiuum in ae diptongum4, ut Helena5 Helenae. Traianus in I Docicorum[2]6…   …piperi7…
[ 136 ] P. 92b 1: lubgartóir [in marg.] Cicero holitor hortulanus   2: .i. is coim­ddigiu neutur and in othud   3: .i. in aignib   4: .i. suscepta · forsinṅainmmnid ingenitin   5: helene in grecda   6: .i. inna sáirse sin   7: scibar	[ 136 ] P. 92b 2. i.e. the neuter is more frequent in it in the singular.   4. i.e. suscepta to the nomi­native in the genitive.   5. Ἑλένη, the Greek.   6. i.e. of those works[2] (artes).
MS. excepta i.e. the Dacica, Hertz i. 205. For sáirse cf. Sg. 90a1, 103a1, 212a11
[ 136 ] P. 93a …‘alcedo1 alcedinis.’   Nam et ‘uultur’ et ‘uulturus’ et ‘uulturius’ dicitur2. ‘Nemo’ quoque, sine ex hoc [scil. homo] conpo­situm3, …seu non, communis est generis… …‘turbo4 turbinis,’ quando de ui uentorum loquimur…
[ 136 ] P. 93a 1: ḟoilenn   2: biit atriur doanmaim indeiúin   3: as comsuidigthe úad   4: .i. cloi gaithe	[ 136 ] P. 93a 2. the three of them are as the name of the bird.   3. that it is compound­ed from it.
[ 136 ] P. 93b …‘cupido cupidinis1,’ quod masculino quidem genere deum signi­ficat plerumque et est proprium, feminino uero ipsam rem. Itaque feminini prae­ualuit decli­natio2. Excipitur etiam ‘caro3’ femininum ‘carnis.’ Vetustissimi tamen etiam nomina­tiuum ‘haec carnis’ profere­bant4, qui magis rationa­bilis est ad genetiuum.   Itaque eius, quod est ‘caro,’ dimmi­nutiuum ‘caruncula’ est5… …‘strabo6’ etiam ‘straba’ facit. Pacuuius[1]:           filios sibi procreasse dicitur eundem per Calipsonem autumant7. Calipso ‑onis8 …idque usus antiquorum confirmat.
[ 136 ] P. 93b 1: .i. ind accobair   2: .i. is diall femin file fair .i. motato ·o· in ·i· in genitiuo   3: ní ·o· in ·i dogníson   4: nominatiuus as carnis   5: conid riagolda caro dond ainmmnid in chrutsin ·   6: cammderc   7: ɔid calipso calip­sonis dogní   8: a airdérgud leiss fudeud híc ·	[ 136 ] P. 93b 1. i.e. of the desire.   2. it is the feminine declension which is on it, o being changed into i in the genitive.   3. this does not make o into i.   4. a nomi­native carnis.   5. so that in this wise caro is regular as the nomi­native.   7. so that it makes Calypso Calyp­sonis.   8. here he has his purpose[2] at last.
MS. paucobius corrected to pacubius airdérgud (gl. propossitum) Wb. 4c13, but see Asc. Gl. ccii.
[ 137 ] P. 94a Plautus in Aulularia: Quod si Argus seruet, qui oculeus1 totus fuit, Lucanus in VII…. Seu tonitrus ac tela Iouis praesaga2 notauit. …delphinus3…   …inter tonitra4 et turbines.
[ 137 ] P. 94a 1: .i. suilech centum oculos habens[1] 2: innabrotu[2] 3: mucc mora 4: .i. huandi astonitrum biid dano tonitruṅm ⁊ tonitrua húad	[ 137 ] P. 94a 1. i.e. having eyes. 2. the goads 3. a pig of the sea. 4. i.e. from tonitrum. There is, then, tonitrum, and from it tonitrua.
the reference is to Argus this gloss is misplaced: brotu (acc. pl. of brot) is evidently meant to translate tela
[ 137 ] P. 94b Nam ‘hae lactes’ partes sunt intestinorum… cuius singulare ‘haec lactis1’ est.
[ 137 ] P. 94b 1: findracht	[ 137 ] P. 94b 1. tripe.
[ 137 ] P. 95a …‘fel fellis1.’ ‘Nihil’ indeclinabile est…. Quidam tamen aduerbium esse putant, quod nomen esse quanti­tatis adiec­tiuum ipsa con­structio2 ostendit. …‘nihil malum’ uel ‘mali’.. …nihil minus3 ferendum pro ‘nihil intolle­rabilius4.’ …‘hilum’ enim pro ‘ullum5’ uetus­tissimi profe­rebant. …‘hoc pellium · lii[1]6’… ‘hoc ostorium · rii’ lignum commodius aequatur7…
[ 137 ] P. 95a 1: .i. ainm in chrocainn imbí bilis reliqua icidorus 2: int immognam imbí hisreith rann 3: .i. nephní 4: ardíltud ata · in · 5: hilum immorro la isidorum smiur alta reliqua   6: .i. pellium[2] barr .i. á pelle ꝉ pelium .i. á peleta .i. possessiuum a peleo 7: .i. nomen ciuitatis ut in horo · mag · [3] inuenitur ⁊ is­toglena­mon exempli iarum lignum commodius[4] reliqua	[ 137 ] P. 95a 1. i.e. the name of the skin in which the bile is etc. Isidorus[5]. 2. the construc­tion in which it is in a series of parts (of speech)[6]. 3. i.e. nothing. 4. for negation the in- is. 5. hilum, however, according to Isidorus[7], means marrow of a joint, etc. 7. i.e. name of a town, as is found in the Horo… Mag…, and then lignum, quo modius is the super­fluous addition to the example[8].
recte Pelium i.e. pilleum cf. in horologio Sg. 181a9. Horologium ὡρολόγιον, Liber Ecclesiasticus apud Graecos, Horas diurnas et officia continens, Ducange leg. quo modius fel appellatum quod sit folliculus gestans humorem qui uocatur bilis, Isid. Etymol. Lib. xi. cf. Sg. 30a12, 213a9 hilum autem Varro ait significare medullam eias ferulae quam Graeci asphodelon uocant, Isid. Etymol. Lib. x. cf. p. 134 note e
[ 137 ] P. 95b …‘ⲇⲟⲣⲕⲓⲱⲛ haec Dorcium….’ Hoc autem solet fieri1 adolationis causa sine diminu­tionis aetatis. [ 138 ]Virgilius in VIII: Parnasio dictum Panos de more Licei2. Ἄραψ Ἄραβος…‘Arabus3 Arabi’… …‘panthera4’ et ‘cratera5’…   …rinocerus6…   …elifas7…
[ 137 ] P. 95b 1: .i. acht is la grecu ata an dliged sin [ 138 ]2: .i. in pain chondai · licos enim graece lupus dicitur · 3: ainmnid uathaid latindae ua[1] genitin grecdi 4: .i. panther .i. nomen bestiae 5: .i. crater .i. tailchube 6: .i. srón­bennach .i. exemplum 7: .i. combí elifas	[ 137 ] P. 95b 1. i.e. but it is with the Greeks that that rule exists. [ 138 ]2. i.e. of the wolfish Pan, λύκος etc. 3. a Latin nominative singular from a Greek genitive. 7. i.e. so that it is elephas.
a over the line
[ 138 ] P. 96a ‘cassis1’… …ballena2,3… …‘Adramyn4’ nomen haeroys, Adramynis.’
[ 138 ] P. 96a 1: .i. barr 2: .i. bled balin[1] graece mittere latine 3: [in marg.] ISidorus[2] ballenæ dictae ab emitendo aquas · 4: .i. ainm alaili thríuin	[ 138 ] P. 96a 4. i.e. name of a certain hero,
leg. βάλλειν MS. bled is over ballena, the rest under it Etymol. Lib. xii.
[ 138 ] P. 96b …‘flemen . nis1,’ ‘hoc numen . nis,’ ‘flamen . nis2’… ..‘lien3’ .. ‘rien4’…5 ‘siren6,7’…
[ 138 ] P. 96b 1: tene dia[1] · ꝉ oirclech[2] 2: ⁊ flamen hic sacerdos ut isidorus dicit 3: lua liath 4: féith ꝉ áru 5: muir móru 6: delb e(uin) 7: ⁊ fit sirena ut (amb- )[3] cantus sirenar(um)	[ 138 ] P. 96b 1. lightning (?), or oracular (?). 4. sinew or kidney. 5. seamaid. 6. a bird’s shape.
leg. diait? and cf. tene diait, Ann. Ult. 915, 995, 1019 cf. uricli ‘oracles,’ Cogad Gaedel 12 ut amb‘ scheint mir möglich, Thurn­eysen, cantus Sirenarum, Ambros. de lac. et Vit. Beat. 2, 12, 56
[ 138 ] P. 97a …laquear1 .ris2…   …nassum3… …‘sequestra4…
[ 138 ] P. 97a 1: nem 2: camara quod ⁊ tholus siue tholus rotundus 3: sróin 4: [in marg.] .i. media · nam sequester medius .i. ráth[1] inter du(os) altercantes	[ 138 ] P. 97a 1. ceiling[2] 3. nose.
over medius; cf. ráth (gl. medius), Leyden Priscian 59a literally ‘heaven’: cf. Fr. ciel, Ital. cielo
[ 138 ] P. 97b Sed Plautus hoc quoque secundum analogiam1 declinauit… ‘Liber2,’ quoque, quando ingenuum3 significat…
[ 138 ] P. 97b 1: iar ṅ diul tanisiu. 2: sóer 3: in soer	[ 138 ] P. 97b 1. according to the second declension 2. free. 3. the free man.
[ 138 ] P. 98a INueniuntur tamen et ‘altera utra1’ et ‘alterum utrum’ pro­tulisse ueteres et ex utraque parte decli­nasse2.
[ 138 ] P. 98a 1: .i. comṡuidigthe odib nógaib in feminino ⁊ neutro ut est in masculino 2: .i. andiall foadanóg	[ 138 ] P. 98a 1. i.e. compounded of two integrals in the fem. and neut., as it is in the masc. 2. i.e. the declension according to its two integrals.
[ 138 ] P. 98b Potest tamen híc datiuus1 accipi[1]: ‘nulli rei’ pro ‘nulli utilitati.’
[ 138 ] P. 98b 1: .i. rombí[2] fri tobarthid in hoc' exemplo	[ 138 ] P. 98b 1. i.e. it can be with the dative in this example.
om. MS. the infixed relative is strange
[ 139 ] P. 99a Excipitur ‘hic later lateris1’…   INueniuntur tamea apud uetus­tissimos haec ancipitis genitiui2 ‘hic accipiter’…‘Opiter’…sic etiam ‘Iuppiter’… Nam ‘Iouis’ nomina­tiuo quoque casu inuenitur3.’
[ 139 ] P. 99a 1: .i. ni er in · ris 2: .i. is cumtubart ced dogní angenitiu 3: .i. ar ni iouis genitiuus indí as iuppiter ciasid ruburt túas ar biid iouis cene nominatiuo[1]	[ 139 ] P. 99a 1. i.e. it is not er into ris. 2. i.e. ’tis doubtful what their genitive makes. 3. i.e. for the genitive of Jupiter is not Jovis, though I have said it above, for Jovis is already as a nomina­tive.
cf. Sg. 91b1
[ 139 ] P. 99b …‘cicer1 ciceris.’   Haec etiam contra rationem supra dictarum regularum2 decli­nantur:
[ 139 ] P. 99b 1: luib 2: cruthaigtheo innageniten	[ 139 ] P. 99b 1. a plant. 2. of the formation of the genitive.
[ 139 ] P. 100a …‘libra1’ et ‘fibra2’… …‘cancer3 cancri,’ quod etiam neutrum inuenitur, sed quando morbum signi­ficat4. .…quod uermi­natum ne ad cancer5 per­uenerit.   …‘gener generi6’…   …ut Plinius Secundus7 in I Artium.   ‘Haec acer arbor acri8’ dicit Seruius9 in commento Virgilii10… …deferen­tiae causa fluii et gentilis apagopa[1] usus est11, quomodo Arar dixit pro ‘Araris’…
[ 139 ] P. 100a 1: med 2: feith 3: .i. rind 4: .i. úrphaisiu 5: .i. doúrfuisin 6: céle ingine 7: nítuc a­desim­recht 8: dogluais far acer 9: .i. issed asbeir seruius isdiil tanisi 10: archiunn 11: .i. ɔdergéni hiber dindí as hiberus	[ 139 ] P. 100a 3. i.e. a constellation. 6. a daughter’s husband. 7. he has cited no example of it. 8. as a gloss upon acer. 9. i.e. this says Servius: it is of the second declen­sion. 11. i.e. so that he has made Hiber from Hiberus.
leg. apocopa
[ 139 ] P. 100b Nam proprie ‘Hiberes1’ sunt gens ab Hiberis profecta… …‘salinator salinatoris2’…‘marcor marcoris3’…
[ 139 ] P. 100b 1: .i. diandid nomen hiber hiberi 2: Comminianus salina .i. nomen lube .i. sálchuach[1] ⁊ salinator húad 3: .i. feugud	[ 139 ] P. 100b 1. i.e. the name of which is Hiber Hiberi. 2. salina, i.e. the name of a plant, i.e. a violet, and salinator (is derived) from it.
.i. salchuach is written over nomen lube; sȧlchuach; ob das der rest eines länge­zeichens ist, weiss ich nicht, glaube es aber kaum, Thurn­eysen
[ 139 ] P. 101a …‘hoc ador1’… Virgilius in VII: Adorea2 liba per herbam Subiiciunt epulis.
[ 139 ] P. 101a 1: [marg. l.] .i. adrad ꝉ genus frumenti 2: dered fersa	[ 139 ] P. 101a 1. i.e. adoration, or a kind of corn. 2. end of a verse.
[ 139 ] P. 101b …Theoctistus[1]… cui quiquid in me sit doctrinae post deum1 imputo. …‘hoc femen femenis2’… …‘hic as asis3’…
[ 139 ] P. 101b 1: .i. indegaid ṅ dé[2] 2: .i. sliasit 3: nomen toimse	[ 139 ] P. 101b 3. the name of a measure.
MS. theostistus cf. Sg. 5a2
[ 139 ] P. 102a ‘uas uadis1’… [ 140 ]…‘termes2 ‑tis2a’…
[ 139 ] P. 102a 1: techt [ 140 ]2: .i. lind te 2a: [marg. l.] Cicero, termes[1]: feruor	[ 139 ] P. 102a 1. a going[2]. [ 140 ]2. i.e. warm water.
So in Leyd. Priscian 62a lind tee (gl. feruor); cf. termas, calores, Corp. Gloss. Lat. v. 395 the glossator seems to have supposed a connexion between the noun uăs uădis and the verb uādo uādis: v. supra 119, note n.
[ 140 ] P. 102b …‘impes impetis1’… …‘inquies2’… …‘obses3’… …‘apes4’…quamuis5 et alia composita ab eo quod est ‘pes’ auctores producunt…
[ 140 ] P. 102b 1: tedúar[1] 2: écmailt 3: giall 4: .i. neph chostae .i. a · sine 5: adas	[ 140 ] P. 102b 4. i.e. footless, i.e. a- (in a‑pes) ‘without.’
dia mbai in tedúar os cech maig, Salt. R. 7543
[ 140 ] P. 103a …‘fidicula’ docet primitiui sui nominatiuum ‘fidis,’ non ‘fides’ esse, quod Seruio[1] placet de cithara1. …‘inquies’..cuius etiam semplex2 in usu inuenitur trium generum. …histrionis3…
[ 140 ] P. 103a 1: .i. dú inasṅdét de cithara inna ṡáirsiu isand adfét sin 2: .i. quies .i. cumsantach .i. commune trium generum ⁊ is airdixa · es hisuidiu ut in ante ostendet 3: indḟuirsiri	[ 140 ] P. 103a 1. i.e. where he speaks of the cithara in his work, there he declares that. 2. quies, i.e. restful, i.e. common of three genders, and in it the es is long, ut etc. 3. of the mountebank[2].
Serv. iii. p. 30 or parasite, fuir-sire, from for + sére ‘food’ as παράσιτος from παρὰ and σῖτος, W.S.
[ 140 ] P. 103b …offam1… ‘[H]erodes [H]erodae’ et
[ 140 ] P. 103b 1: aconmír	[ 140 ] P. 103b 1. i.e. the dog’s morsel[1].
the reference is to Cerberus, Verg. Aen. vi. 420, cf. coinmir (gl. offa) Ir. Gl. 276
[ 140 ] P. 104a ‘[H]erodis1’… …Graeci ancipiti2 terminant genitiuo, modo in ου, modo in ους… Plinius in II naturalis historiae: ab Euclide, in III:
[ 140 ] P. 104a 1: .i. e · glan airdixe and issed dogní hirodes 2: cumddubartaig[1]	[ 140 ] P. 104a 1. i.e. e pure long in it: this is what Herodes makes.
dat. sg. fem. of cumdubartach, because Ir. genitiu is feminine
[ 140 ] P. 104b Tucidide1…in VI: Simonide minore2… spicum3 illustre tenens, splendenti corpore uirgo[1]. ‘haec ditia,’ cuius nominatiuum singularem in uṡsu non inueni. debet tamen secundum analogiam ‘hoc dite’ esse . nam in[2] ‘is’ finiri neutrum non potest4. ‘Hic’ et ‘haec Samnis’… Huius neutrum Neuius ‘Samnite’ protulit5… Excipitur ‘hic glis gliris6’…
[ 140 ] P. 104b 1: .i. foxlidi tresdiil inso sís a nominibus tiagdde in · es · 2: .i. toglenamon són 3: ainmm ṅ airm 4: ɔnách ase ditia dobuith uandí as dis · 5: .i. biid do anmmaim inna cathrach ⁊ do anmmaim habitatoris ⁊ intan as nomen habitatoris is and biid neutar húad 6: ní glitis dogní	[ 140 ] P. 104b 1. i.e. these below are ablatives of the third declension, from nouns that end in ‑es. 2. i.e. this is a superfluous addition[3]. 3. name of a weapon. 4. so that it is not possible[4] for ditia to be from dis. 5. i.e. (Samnis) is as the name of the city and as the name of the dweller, and when it is the name of the dweller then there is a neuter (samnite) from it. 6. ’tis not glitis that it makes.
Hertz i. 247 om. MS. cf. p. 134 note e see Vol. i. 520, note k
[ 140 ] P. 105a Lucretius in II: Sed quam multarum rerum uis1 possidet in se :Atque potestates. [ 141 ]…‘haec puppis2 huius puppis’…
[ 140 ] P. 105a 1: .i. inna nert [ 141 ]2: eross	[ 140 ] P. 105a 1. i.e. the strengths (acc. pl.). [ 141 ]
[ 141 ] P. 105b 1A sanguine2 compositum non seruat simplicis declina­tionem, ‘hic’ et ‘haec exsanguis3 huius exsanguis,’ a cuspide4 seruat, ‘tricuspis tricus­pidis.’ Sin in ος puram5 Graecus desinat genetiuus… …‘compos6 compotis’
[ 141 ] P. 105b 1: [marg. sup., man. al] ⁊ capus sebocc[1] 2: uandí assanguis 3: ní exsan­guinis dogní 4: uándí as cuspis 5: .i. cen chonsin ren · os 6: comasc­nidaid	[ 141 ] P. 105b 2. from sanguis. 3. it does not make exsanguinis. 4. from cuspis. 5. i.e. without a consonant before ‑os.
cf. capus, falco, Corp. Gloss. Lat. v. 493
[ 141 ] P. 106a …eius contrarium ‘impos1’…   …ostendunt epigram­mata2}…   …‘haec glos2 gloris’…ex osse4…Pacuuius[1] in Chrisse: oss[u]um in[h]umatum aestuosam Aulam. Accius uero in annalibus: Fraxinus fissa ferox, infensa infinditur ossis5. Cato tamen ‘os’ protulit6 in IIII Originum… Siracusii7 enim eron pro eros[2] dicunt.
[ 141 ] P. 106a 1: neph ascnaidid 2: inna­for­literdi 3: inducbál [man. al.] ꝉ soror[3] 4: o chnáim 5: nominatiuus ꝉ ablatiuus a nomine quod est ossum· ⁊ uero .i. indḟír foṡin 6: is ·os· lasuide immurgu nominatiuo ní ossis[4] ut accius ostendit l· 7: .i. aicmae di­graecaib	[ 141 ] P. 106a 2. the epigrams. 3. glory or sister. 6. truly according to that. 6. i.e. ’tis os, however with him (Cato) as nomi­native, not ossis, as etc. 7. i.e. a tribe of Greeks.
MS. Pacubius i.e. ἥρων, ἥρως leg. soror uiri cf. Sg. 67b14 MS. im̆ˏˏní ossis •ˏnominatiuo
[ 141 ] P. 106b Romani autem plerumque solent in ‘on’ termi­nantia etiam subec­tione[1]1 n proferre2 per o, ut ‘leo,’ ‘draco.’ Sic ergo ‘Mino,’ ‘gobio’ quoque dicunt pro gobios[2]3 abiecta s, et, quod mira­bilius est, ‘Atho4 Athonis’ protulit Cicero… Sed hoc in ‘υς’ correptam dehinc Attice prolatum est quomodo Ἀνδρόγεος pro Ἀνδρόγεως[3]5. Similiter quartae sunt, quae rerum uocabulis [h]omonima6 [ 142 ]inueni­untur, ut ‘magis­tratus7…‘hic saltus,’ ἡ πήδησις8 καὶ ἡ νάπη[4]9, ‘hic uersus,’ ἡ στροπὴ10 καὶ ὁ στίχος11…‘hic exercitus’ ἡ γυμνασία[5]12 καὶ ὁ στρατός13…‘fastus14’ quando a ‘fastidio’ uerbo est, quartae est, quando uero pro annali15 accipitur, a fastis et nefastis16 diebus sic dictum, frequen­tius secundae est. Inuenitur tamen et quartae17. Lucanus in X: Nec meus Eudoxi uincetur fastibus18 annus, …cum antiquiores quoque similiter idem protulisse19 inueniantur. Ouidius fastorum20 inscrip­sit libros. …et ‘fastus21’ in aliis codicibus. ‘Senatus’ quoque ideo .iiii. est22,
[ 141 ] P. 106b 1: húa indarpu 2: .i. n· dochor diib 3: .i. cosmai­lius indarpi 4: .i. ciasid­biur sa fritsu · atho ⁊ athos do buith biid dano in ·υς· laatacu ⁊ ɔtorád ind ·υ in ο· iarum ɔdeni athos 5: .i. analogia .i. amal ɔtorád ·υ in ο· hisuidiu · 6: cosmail­ainmmnig­thecha [ 142 ]7: tossach 8: leim ꝉ riuth reliqua 9: caill .i. densitas arborum reliqua 10: impúd [man. al.] uersio 11: fers 12: frecor ceill ꝉ frithgnom reliqua icidorus gymnasium reliqua in alio 13: .i. sochuide quia dicit uirgilius exercitus hoc est multitudo · 14: lius ꝉ míad cicero dicit fastus superbia 15: .i. ut fit lebor airissen 16: .i. duaibsib · ⁊ combad uad ro­ainmnig­the quando est fastus .i. liber · 17: .i. biid for deib ṅdíllib quando fastus .i. liber · 18: lebraib 19: abuith far cethramad quando est fastus .i. lebor 20: exemplum ara airiuc far diull tanaisiu 21: .i. is fastús bis in aliis libris ni fastos .i. libros · 22: .i. congre­gatio ⁊ combad neph­chorpdae issed asmaith apud alios	[ 141 ] P. 106b 1. by expelling it. 2. i.e. in putting n from them. 3. i.e. a resem­blance to expelling. 4. i.e. though I say to thee that it is Athos and Atho, it is, however, in ‑υς with Attic writers, and the υ has then been converted so that it makes Athos. 5: by analogy, i.e. as it has been converted into o here. [ 142 ]8. a leap or a run, etc. 9. a wood. 12. cultivation or care. 13 i.e. a multitude quia etc. 15. a book of chroni­cles. 16. i.e. unlucky, and it would have been named from it quando etc. 17. it is of two declen­sions, quando etc. 18. books. 19. that it is of the fourth (declen­sion) quando etc. 20. an example for its being found of the second declen­sion. 21. i.e. fastus is in other books, not fastos. 22. i.e. congre­gatio, and it would be incor­poreal: ’tis this that seems good to others.
leg. abiectione leg. κωβιός MS. androγεις pro ανδρογεος MS. η η         /πανσις • καοι • ναπε MS. γιμνασια
[ 142 ] P. 107a quod a uocabulo ‘natus’ componitur1 …corpo­ralia quartae sunt declina­tionis, nisi sint propria uel mobilia2 ut…‘rictus3’… Excipitur ‘hic lectus4’… ‘Mustus5’… quod tamen mobile uidetur, cum ueteres et feminino et neutro genere inueni­untur hoc pro­tulisse pro ‘nouus noua nouum.’
[ 142 ] P. 107a 1: fobíth isnephchorpdae són 2: ar it diil Tanaisi amal sodin 3: ersolgud · rictura ferarum oris apertio cicero · item · cicero · rictus dítiu[1] medium tegmen domús 4: lige 5: fodáli cenél hodie	[ 142 ] P. 107a 1. that is, because it is incor­poreal. 2. for they, in that case, are of the second declen­sion. 3. opening…covering, 5. it distin­guishes gender to-day.
this is over rictus, but is meant for tegmen
[ 143 ] P. 107b Excipitur ‘arcus1,’ quod deferen­tiae causa quidam tam secundae quam quartae pro­tulerunt. Ennius in xv annali: Arcus2 ubi aspiciunt, mortalibus quae perhibentur. ‘Acus3’ enim quartae est… ‘Penus4’ quoque masculini et feminini et neutri inuenitur…
[ 143 ] P. 107b 1: .i. in tain as fidbocc is quartdiil intan as tuag nime immorro is diil tanisi issed andechor insin · · 2: fidbocc[1] 3: snáthath[2] 4: cucan	[ 143 ] P. 107b 1. i.e. when it is a wooden bow it is of the fourth declension: when, however, it is a bow of heaven (a rainbow) it is of the second declen­sion: that is the differ­ence.
the d is smudged, but the word is not cancelled. rectius snáthat
[ 143 ] P. 108a …‘uultum1’ in facie intellegi quomodo colores et figuras2… Illud etiam possumus dicere, quod a uerbo ‘arto artas’ rei uocabulum fit ‘artatus3’…Et forsitan ideo ‘acus[1]’ ab acutu[2]4…
[ 143 ] P. 108a 1: angné 2: innascáth 3: for riaguil dobuith tra isnaib anmanaib­se anuas dotét híc 4: acutus .i. áithæ a quo est acus	[ 143 ] P. 108a 1. the countenance. 2. the shadows[3]. 3. here then he touches on the fact that there is a rule that prevails in these nouns above.
MS. ꝉ acus/arcus MS. acutu/arcitu leg. = inna scáth? cf. Ml. 67d9, and in cenn do thogbail for dorus in duine ina sgath dirg truagh do Ghaidhel­aibh, Ann. Ul. 1172, J.S.
[ 143 ] P. 108b …hoc [sc. ‘sinus, sinum’] secundae, illud [sc. ‘sinus’] quartae1 declina­uerunt. Et possumus non inueniri2 similem[1] de his omnibus rationem… reddentes dicere… …‘uersari me in nostro uetere curriculo3.’ …etiam ipsa parti­cipia inueni­untur4 est quando per syncopam prolata, ut ‘potus5’ pro ‘potatus’…
[ 143 ] P. 108b 1: sinus .i. ucht 2: arananísar[2] 3: innar rith arsidni 4: per sinagopam prolata ⁊ it rann­gabala dano inchruth hísin 5: ranngabál	[ 143 ] P. 108b 2. that it may be found. 3. in our ancient course. 4. lengthened by syncope, and thus then they are parti­ciples. 5. a parti­ciple.
recte non inuerisimilem leg. ara n‑ísar ‘that there be found’
[ 143 ] P. 109a …‘Ligus1 ‑uris’ commune quoque est. Quamuis etiam ‘ueter2’ analogia exigit… Unum masculinum a Graecis sumptum3. μῦς[1], ‘hic mus muris’… …et similis declinatio4 supra dicti nominis…apud Graecos quoque σῦς productum5 in nomina­tiuo reliquos casus corripit.
[ 143 ] P. 109a 1: ligordae .i. gentile 2: ciasidbiursa uetus 3: .i. ata ám 4: .i. inchruth donelltar mús is samlaid doellatar mono­syllabae 5: anas n airdíxa	[ 143 ] P. 109a 2. though I say uetus. 3. i.e. it is indeed. 4. i.e. as mus is declined so mono­syllables are declined. 5. when it is leng­thened.
MS. μους
[ 143 ] P. 110b ‘Incus1’ etiam ‘incudis’… …‘intercus2 intercutis’…
[ 143 ] P. 110b 1: .i. indéin 2: comalne[1]	[ 143 ] P. 110b 2. dropsy.
later comaille
[ 143 ] P. 111a …intestinis1…‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc intercus2’… [ 144 ]Si eiusdem sint et apud Graecos terminationis3…ut ‘Οἰδίπους[1]’… ‘Oedipus’… .. per sinerisin4…sicuti5 si intigra eorum inueni­antur…
[ 143 ] P. 111a 1: .i. inmedónchaib 2: inderbus [ 144 ]3: .i. mad hinonn tarmorcenn ṅdóib lagrecu ⁊ lalaitnóri .i. iscummae leis didiu · y · ⁊ · u · reliqua 4: tre­accomol 5: inchrutsa	[ 143 ] P. 111a 2. uncertainty (as to gender). [ 144 ]3. i.e. if their termination be the same with Greeks and with continued Latins. ’Tis the same to him then, y and υ, etc.
MS. odipus
[ 144 ] P. 111b [H]oratius ‘Alcinous Alcinoy’ declinauit1 in I epistularum… …‘genus generis,’ quod Latinum esse ostendit et declinatio2 et uerbum 'genero generas.’ Excipitur ‘foenus3 foenoris’… …‘tergus4’… …‘uiscus5 uisceris’…
[ 144 ] P. 111b 1: ut · panthous · ⁊ it sillaba fodlidi is follus són asind ḟers · 2: mad grec roppad diil tanaisi ut pelagus 3: aithi 4: crocenn 5: cenn cridi ⁊ alaaili réta olchena ut isidorus dicit ·	[ 144 ] P. 111b 1. as Panthous. And they are separate syllables: this is manifest from the verse. 3. if it were Greek it would be of the second declen­sion, as pelagus. 5. the end of the heart, and other things also, as Isidorus says.
[ 144 ] P. 112a Liquit enira supera tetri uestigia uirí1. Similiter ‘pus’ non habet in ussu genetiuum, ne, si ‘puris’ diceretur, esset quantum ad eandem scrip­turam2 dubitatio, utrum datiuus esset pluralis a puro ‘puris’…
[ 144 ] P. 112a 1: indneime andracht[1] 2: .i. méit as doenscríbend[2] archuit suin	[ 144 ] P. 112a 1. of the dark poison (uirus, uiri). 2. i.e. as regards the same writing, as to sound.
a loan from anthracodes (ἀνθρακώδης) Ascoli, Gloss, xl.; but it is a genuine Irish word, in the gen. sg. neuter: cf. the acc. pl. fem. androchta LU. 95b24: = anrachta YBL. 101a52, and the cognate adj. ardracht .i. solus, O’Dav. 47 MS. srib-
[ 144 ] P. 112b Et qui[1] Graeci1…uocatiuum in e longam terminant… …in quibusdam ‘es’ productam terminan­tibus2 fecerunt Graeci poetae ‘eus’ pro ‘es’ pro­ferentes… In x desinentia, si a uerbis sint in ‘go’ desinentibus, ablata x, addita ‘gis’ faciunt genetiuum, ut ‘grego grex gregis’… Nec mirum3: Graecos enim in omnibus fere emitati4 Latini[2] in hac quoque regula sequuntur…
[ 144 ] P. 112b 1: it hésidi greic 2: foircnedchaib 3: .i. x · dofoxul ⁊ · g · do ḟorcomet ingenitin dia­techtat briathra, in · go · aracúl 4: arinrusamlasatar	[ 144 ] P. 112b 1. they are Greek. 3. i.e. that x should be removed and g kept (con­seruare) in the genitive if they have verbs in ‑go behind them. 4. for they have imitated.
recte quia, but qui is glossed om. MS.
[ 144 ] P. 113a Ennius…in VIIII pro ‘frugi homo’ ‘frux1’ ponit, quod est adiec­tiuum. …‘fornix[1]2’… …‘suppellex3 supellectilis’   …‘Nox4’ quoque
[ 144 ] P. 113a 1: toirthech 2: buad liæ ꝉ meirddrech loc 3: fointreb non suppel­licis facit 4: excipitur quia non nocis facit ⁊ is cosmailius ğ[2] amal sodin ní exceptio	[ 144 ] P. 113a 2. a victory stone or a brothel. 4. it is excepted, because it does not make nocis, and thus it is a Greek simi­larity, not an exception.
According to Hertz, the Carlsruhe codex has fornix lapis uictoriae, and in marg. lapis mollis unde erigitur signum trium­phale i.e. grec or grecdae
[ 145 ] P. 113b ‘noctis,’ apud[1] Graecos, qui νύξ νυκτός[2] declinant…‘onix1’… ‘exlex2’… A capite solum composita3 ablata s et mutata e in i, et addita ‘itis’ faciunt genetiuum, ut…. ‘biceps4 bicipitis’… …‘puls5 pultis.’ …‘frons6 ‑dis’…‘frons7 ‑tis’…‘lens8 lendis’ ..‘glans9 glandis’…
[ 145 ] P. 113b 1: ném 2: esrechtaid 3: .i. isindib nammá atá andliged cruthaigtheo genitensa 4: dechenda demess 5: íth 6: barr 7: étan 8: sned 9: derucc	[ 145 ] P. 113b 3. i.e. ’tis in them only is this norm of forming a genitive. 4. two-headed, a pair of shears.
MS. secundum apud MS. ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲝ ⲛⲟⲩⲝⲧⲟⲥ, without qui
[ 145 ] P. 114a …‘libripens1’… …libram aeneam2… Lib. VII … ‘hoc unum nomen tantum, id est ‘alius,’ quam maxime3 propter struc­turas genetiuo et datiuo casu numeri singu­laris, sic anomale com­firmatum sit declinare4: hic alius, huius alius, huic alii.’ Igitur masculinorum nominum finales sunt literae septem… femini­norum quoque eaedem[1]5 nec non etiam e producta in Graecis et m figurate in comicis nominibus…
[ 145 ] P. 114a 1: medtosṅgachtigtheid 2: humaidi 3: cefiu · ꝉ quam maxime .i. aduerbium 4: donella nech 5: .i. efficiunt sech ammascul lasaní forcentar olitrib sidi ·	[ 145 ] P. 114a 3. how! vel etc. 4. that one decline[2]. 5. i.e. they make beyond the masculine when they end in its letters[3].
MS. eadem in grammatical terminology di-ell- expresses declinari, cf. daeltais Sg. 75b3, and the passive Sg. 4b1, 109a4 i.e. the letters of the masculine
[ 145 ] P. 114b …per se enim ueutrum in eas literas [sc. o, x] nullum dissinit1… Et hae quidem generales sunt nomina­tiui termina­tiones2… …pares habent sillabas3 nominatiuo…nisi diuisio fiat in genetiuo poetica… …‘nepai4’ pro ‘nepae,’ id est ‘scorpii.’
[ 145 ] P. 114b 1: neutur fornocht · biid immurgu coitchen trechenélæ in · x · 2: .i. nifil ainmnid nobed acht inti theite in oen innaliter sa 3: it pares ám 4: .i. cenelae nathrach issin[1] dano asscorpius ·	[ 145 ] P. 114b 1. a bare neuter. There is, however, a common trigener in x. 2. i.e. there is no nomina­tive possible save that which ends in one of these letters. 3. they are pares indeed. 4. i.e. a kind of snake: ’tis that then that is scorpius.
leg. issi sin?, which is trans­lated
[ 145 ] P. 115a …etiam si1 producta sit… Horatius in carminum lib. I: Lydia, die, per omnes uocatiuum…corripit: est enim coriambus et bachius, ex quo osten­ditur correpta in nomina­tiuo quoque ‘Lydia’ finalis a2. Virgilius in V: Troia3 Crinisso conceptum flumine mater Quem genuit.
[ 145 ] P. 115a 1: .i. cid 2: .i. huare as timmortae in uocatiuo bís fordeib nominatiui[1] 3: .i. dactylus .i. guttae · i · hísund ·	[ 145 ] P. 115a 2. i.e. because it is short in the vocative which is in the form of the nomina­tive. 3. i.e. a dactyl, i.e. i is a vowel herein.
leg. fordeilb nominatiui, which is translated
[ 146 ] P. 115b ‘Εὔηθες[1] capite’1 pro ‘capita[2]1a’…
[ 146 ] P. 115b 1: uocatiuus graecus 1a: baed báriagoldae	[ 146 ] P. 115b 1. 'twere this that would be regular.
MS. ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲧⲉⲥ leg. κριτή pro κριτά
[ 146 ] P. 116a Latina uero proportio1 in a correptam uult uocatiuum primae declina­tionis…terminari etiam in Graecis. Statius ‘Nemeā,’ ut osten­dimus2 a producta protulit more Graeco. Et hoc3 uel metaplasmus3a est dicendus…apud quos [scil. Latinos] i scribi post uocalem et non pro­nuntiari solet[1]4.
[ 146 ] P. 116a 1: indanalag 2: aní as nemea 3: .i. atecht in · e · 3a: .i. antithésis ut olli pro illi 4: .i. arachai	[ 146 ] P. 116a 1. the analogy. 2. Nemea. 3. i.e. their ending in e.
MS. non solet
[ 146 ] P. 116b ‘trinum nundinum1.’
[ 146 ] P. 116b 1: na tri noiláithe	[ 146 ] P. 116b 1. the three spaces-of-nine-days.
[ 146 ] P. 117a …naturaliter diuisum genus habentia1… …‘dotes filiabus suis non dant.’ Et ‘filiis2’ tamen in eodem genere dictum est. Ennius in Andro­media: filiis3 propter te obiecta sum innocens Nerei …‘de gnatabus4 suis’… …similem habent datiuum ‘ambabus,’ ‘duabus,’ quamquam genetiuum ‘ambarum’ ‘duarum’ faciunt5.
[ 146 ] P. 117a 1: huare ata ṅdúli beodai fordiṅgrat 2: .i. do naib ingenaib 3: donaib­ingenaib 4: .i. gnata · ingen 5: ar bá in · is · ba téchte tobarthid dothecht a nominibus fóite genitin in · rum ·	[ 146 ] P. 117a 1. because it is living things that they mean. 2, 3. i.e. to the daughters. 5. for it would be in ‑is that the dative ought to end, (which comes) from nouns that make (lit. send off) genitive (plural) in ‑rum.
[ 146 ] P. 117b ‘Panthus’ per sineresin1 pro ‘Panthous’…
[ 146 ] P. 117b 1: trechomdlúthad	[ 146 ] P. 117b 1. by synaeresis.
[ 146 ] P. 118a Hoc autem faciunt metri causa, nunquam enim minores uult habere syllabas1 genetiuus nomina­tiuo. ‘Androgeo’ Virgilius VI genetiuum posuit Aticum2.
[ 146 ] P. 118a 1: .i. ar ni riagoldae 2: foriaguil natacdai	[ 146 ] P. 118a 1. i.e. for it is not regular. 2. according to the Attic rule.
[ 146 ] P. 118b …‘eus’ finientibus1 nominatiuum… …per sincrisin2… uel magis per sineresin3 e et i in unam syllabam.
[ 146 ] P. 118b 1: forchennat 2: .i. trethóbae 3: .i. trechomdlúthad	[ 146 ] P. 118b 1. which end. 2. i.e. by concision[1]. 3. i.e. by synaeresis.
per concisionem precedes in the Latin text ; cf. Sg. 120a6
[ 146 ] P. 119a …‘dis’ praepositio est et diues1… …accusatiuus huiuscemodi nominum2.
[ 146 ] P. 119a 1: .i. dís somme 2: .i. inna n anman tiagdde in · eus	[ 146 ] P. 119a 2. i.e. of the nouns that end in ‑eus.
[ 147 ] P. 119b …‘O Penthee’…quod in ussu non inueni1.
[ 147 ] P. 119b 1: .i. atecht in · é	[ 147 ] P. 119b 1. i.e. their ending in ē.
[ 147 ] P. 120a Si1 enim non esset abscissio, debuerunt huius­cemodi uocatiui, id est qui in i desi­nentes paenulti­mam correptam habent, ante paenulti­mam acuere, ut ‘Vírgili,’ ‘Mércuri,’ quod minime liquet[1]2, nam paenulti­mam acuimus. ‘Aliius[2]’ quoque per duas i debuit esse genetiuus datiui, qui est ‘alii’3…et credo deferen­tiae causa4, ne ‘ali’ infinitum uerbum esse putaretur.
[ 147 ] P. 120a 1: .i. maniptis tóbaidi intogarthidi tiagdde in · í ropad[3] ante­peneuilt no­acuitig­fide indib huare as timmortae peneuilt · · 2: .i. combad antepeneuilt noacuitigthe indib nam reliqua 3: .i. genitiu intobarthado as alii 4: asned fodera emnad · i · indatiuo	[ 147 ] P. 120a 1. i.e. unless the vocatives which end in i were apoco­pated, the ante­penult in them would be pro­nounced-with-the-acute-accent, since the penult is short. 2. i.e. that the ante­penult in them should be pro­nounced-with-the-acute-accent, for etc. 3. i.e. the genitive belonging to the dative alii. 4. that it is this that causes doubling of i in the dative.
leg. licet MS. alius ad over the line
[ 147 ] P. 120b …accentu deffert, quippe circumflectitur1 in genetiuo paenulti­ma. ‘Ei’ quoque cum rationa­biliter monos­yllabum esse deberet2, cum genetiuus ‘eius’ disil­labus sit… Virgilius in II: Ei3 mihi, qualis erat… Est enim dimetrum iambicum coniunctum semiquinariae eroicae4. Iuuenalis in V: Ire uiam pergant et eidem5 incumbere sectae. in eodem… Implet, et ad moechas dat eisdem6 ferre cinaedis. Quod autem ‘Pompei’..et similia i finalem et ante eam uocalem pro una syllaba habent7, usus quoque confirmat8.
[ 147 ] P. 120b 1: .i. ⁊ acuit innominatiuo 2: .i. combad laigiu inoénṡillaib quam genitiuus 3: .i. interiectio .i. upp 4: .i. sillab for deib traigthib 5: .i. déṡillab 6: désyllab 7: .i. in óin ṡyllaib ataat aṅdíis 8: .i. í do buith ar chonsain in his uocatiuis	[ 147 ] P. 120b 1. i.e. and the acute in the nominative. 2. i.e. that it should be less by one syllable than the genitive. 4. i.e. a syllable over two feet. 5, 6. a disyl­lable. 7. i.e. in one syllable they both are. 8. i.e. that in these vocatives ī is for a consonant.
[ 147 ] P. 121a …‘huius platani1’… Est autem etiam apud prosas[1] scribentes idem inuenire2 sed raro.
[ 147 ] P. 121a 1: .i. nomen feda 2: .i. nech	[ 147 ] P. 121a 1. i.e. name of a tree. 2. i.e. some one[2].
corrected from ueteres cf. Sg. 189b3
[ 148 ] P. 121b Virgilius in VIIII: altaque certat Prendere tecta manu sociumque attingere dextras1, pro ‘sociorum’…quamuis et ‘socius socia socium’…dicatur.
[ 148 ] P. 121b 1: .i. noch ám fodáli cenél a · us · in · a in · um ·	[ 148 ] P. 121b 1. i.e. but still it (socius) distinguishes gender, from ‑us into ‑a, into ‑um.
[ 148 ] P. 122a In ‘a’ correptam neutra et1 Graeca… …‘hoc nectar2’…
[ 148 ] P. 122a 1: .i. cid 2: .i. céit grinne[1] fíno	[ 148 ] P. 122a 2. i.e. the first dropping of wine.
cf. óol fíno óingrindi, Imram Brain v. 23
[ 148 ] P. 123b …‘compluria1’… …‘haec [h]ospes curia2.’
[ 148 ] P. 123b 1: .i. hilar neutair 2: .i. conid femen	[ 148 ] P. 123b 1. i.e. a neuter plural. 2. i.e. so that it (hospes) is a feminine.
[ 148 ] P. 124a ‘haec Tetis[1]1’… …‘hic’ et ‘haec dis2’…
[ 148 ] P. 124a 1: .i. foirggæ masued 2: sommae	[ 148 ] P. 124a 1. i.e. the sea (Thetis) if it is so[2]. 2. rich.
leg. Thetis cf. p. 71 note e.
[ 148 ] P. 124b ‘hic’ et ‘haec infans’1…τὸ νήπιον…‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc infans2’ ὁ ἄλαλος[1]…‘amans3’… …‘sons4’… …hic et haec et ‘hoc Tiburs5’… In ‘ems’ unum femininum ‘haec hiems6’…
[ 148 ] P. 124b 1: .i. nóidiu 2: aisṅdedid[2] 3: .i. sercaid 4: ærchoitech 5: .i. aitrib­theid inna cathrach asberr tibur ꝉ tiburtum · 6: .i. mascul la baedam són immurgu ut in si[3] dicitur calido hieme	[ 148 ] P. 124b 1. i.e. an infant. 2. a non-speaker (?). 3. i.e. a lover. 4. noxious. 5. i.e. an inhab­itant of the town which is called Tibur or Tiburtum. 6. i.e. this, however, is masculine in Baeda, ut etc.
MS. οαλλαλος nephaisṅdedid is necessary to translate infans ὁ ἄλαλος insi in marg., which may have been cut .i. somme .i. ʹʹcorpach ʹ⁊ imda ops · et cors · ꝓ opu
[ 148 ] P. 125a ‘Adeps1’ uel ‘adipes’ in utroque genere2 inuenitur. …‘Ops’..nomen matris deum et copia3…‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et…‘hoc ops4’ et ‘cors[1]5–5a pro ‘opulentus’ et ‘corpu­lentus’ et copiosus pro­ferebant. Accius de Hercule[2] dicens: quorum genitor fertur esse ops gentibus, …ut si dixisset: ‘quorum genitor auxilium fuit gentibus6.’ [ 149 ]In ‘yps’ Graeca: ‘cynyps cynipis7.’
[ 148 ] P. 125a 1: .i. loon · 2: .i. masculino ⁊ feminino .i. inderbus and ut demon­strauit in genere · · 3: ops .i. imbed 4: .i. somme 5: .i. corpach 5a: ⁊ imda[3] 6: .i. Amal naṅdéni mascul dindí as auxilium cebeith genitor áarrad[4] · síc · ni deni dind hí as ops · · [ 149 ]7: cuilennbócc cẏnos[5] graece hircus latine	[ 148 ] P. 125a 2. i.e. uncertainty herein, ut etc. 5. i.e. corpulent. 5a. and wealthy. 6. i.e. as it does not make a masculine of auxilium, that genitor be in appo­sition with it, so it does not make it of ops. [ 149 ]
leg. cops MS. bertule MS. lentus et corpu­lentus et copiosus ꝓferebant usually i n‑arrad, Ml. 40c 17, 42a 4, BCr. 33b 16 cf . cinis, hircum, Corp. Gloss. Lat. v. 565 · cy̆noc · g˘ · hircus · lă · ist in viel feinerer schrift einge­tragen als cuilenn­bocc, viel­leicht von demselben glossator, aber jeden­falls zu anderer zeit. Thurn­eysen
[ 149 ] P. 126a …‘baccar ‑ris1’… … secundum regulam declinabant … sicut ‘sospes sospitis2’…
[ 149 ] P. 126a 1: caer 2: analach són	[ 149 ] P. 126a 2. this (is) an analogy.
[ 149 ] P. 126b …‘lucar1 lucaris’… …‘lăc lāctis2’…
[ 149 ] P. 126b 1: erchomul[1] sí · id ·[2] [in marg. man. al.] lucar uectig(al) ꝉ ægrotatio[3] quae fiebat in lu(cis) ꝉ negotiat(io) 2: timmorte[4] iar naicniud in nominatiuo productum in genitiuo	[ 149 ] P. 126b 1. a spansel. 2. short by nature in the nominative, long in the genitive.
can the glossator have supposed lucar to be a cognate with laqueus? W.S. Here si .id. stands for si id est, the Latin equivalent of the Irish masued Sg. 50b 13, 88 gl. 2, 192b 7 rectius erogatio, cf. Corp. Gloss. Lat. iv. 110, 256, 362, v. 219 MS. timmor; after productum a word (autem?) seems to have followed, Thurn­eysen
[ 149 ] P. 127a ‘Mefitis1’…
[ 149 ] P. 127a 1: .i. nomen loithe infernalis	[ 149 ] P. 127a 1. i.e. name of the infernal fen.
[ 149 ] P. 127b …in burim1… Plautus in Rudente: seu tibi confidis fore multam magudarim, quod significat frugis genus, id est caulis2, qui nascitur ex ea parte, cuius radix stirpis[1] auellitur3, uel, ut alii, siliginem4.
[ 149 ] P. 127b 1: .i. hi cecht 2: .i. comtigiu són quam magudaris 3: .i. issed immeḟolṅgai[2] aḟorbairt aréna[3] dothuaslocad[4] ⁊ doleiciud foraib · · 4: .i. issed asberat alii dano is hinon ⁊ siligo ·	[ 149 ] P. 127b 2. i.e. that is commoner than magudaris. 3. i.e. ’tis this that causes it to grow, to loosen its roots and to give them free course (?) 4. i.e. this is what others say then: it is the same as siligo.
leg. sirpis ṅ over the line leg. a ḟréma, which is trans­lated MS. dotholuascad The scribe has perhaps omitted some word after leiciud: cf., however, dolleicet forru Wb. 13b 13
[ 149 ] P. 128a Horatius in II sermonum: Gausape1 porporeo… Vnde Persius…‘gausapa2’ dixit plurale… …Casius ad Mecenatem: ‘gausapo porporeo3 salutatus.’
[ 149 ] P. 128a 1: .i. lambrat 2: .i. hilar neutair 3: .i. ond lambrot	[ 149 ] P. 128a 1. i.e. a handkerchief. 2. i.e. neuter plural. 3. i.e. from the hand­kerchief.
[ 149 ] P. 128b Terentius in Formione: Nullus es, Geta1,…
[ 149 ] P. 128b 1: goth	[ 149 ]
[ 149 ] P. 129a Non tamen conuertitur regula: non enim in e et in i desinentia etiam accusa­tiuum in ‘em’ et in ‘im’ omnimodo terminant1.
[ 149 ] P. 129a 1: .i. is ecen foxlid in í ⁊ in · e · uand ainsid téte in em ⁊ in · im · ní ecen immurgu ainsid in · im · ⁊ in em oacach foxlid tete in ·í ⁊ in · e ·	[ 149 ] P. 129a 1. i.e. necessary is an ablative in ī and in e from the accusative which ends in em and in im. Un­necessary, however, is an accu­sative in im and in em from every ablative that ends in ī and in e.
[ 150 ] P. 129b Inueniuntur tamen quidam in huiuscemodi nominibus etiam in e ablatiuum pro­ferentes, quod mox usus approbet1.
[ 150 ] P. 129b 1: .i. atberam archiunn	[ 150 ] P. 129b 1. i.e. we shall say it afterwards (lit. ahead).
[ 150 ] P. 130b Statius in IIII Thebaidos: :Accipias, fessisque libens iterum ospita1 pandas Flumina …quod in heroico stare metro non possit nisi in e terminans eorum [scil. ‘hospes’ et ‘sospes’] ablatiuus2. …‘tridens’…cum Neptuni fuscinam per se positum signi­ficat3, masculino genere inuenitur.
[ 150 ] P. 130b 1: .i. hilar neutair 2: .i. dofóichred traig ṅécmailt and · sospiti .i. amphimacrus · · 3: .i. istrén intan[1] sin	[ 150 ] P. 130b 1. i.e. a neuter plural. 2. i.e. it would introduce an unwonted foot there; sōspĭtī being an amphi­macer. 3. i.e. it is substan­tival then.
intain, with punctum delens over the second i
[ 150 ] P. 131b ‘Rudis1,’ quando commune est significans recentem…
[ 150 ] P. 131b 1: rudis .i. nue quia cassianus[1] dicit · rudis · nouus ·	[ 150 ]
cf. Sg. 41a1. Or Cassiodorus may be meant.
[ 150 ] P. 132a Virgilius in XII Aeneidos: neque enim leuia[1] aut ludicra1 petuntur Praemia …‘Gausape2’ quoque… Gausape porporeo3 mensam protersit acernam.
[ 150 ] P. 132a 1: .i. cuitbedcha 2: lámbrat 3: ónd lámbrot	[ 150 ] P. 132a 3. from the handkerchief.
MS. lenia
[ 150 ] P. 132b ‘Aplustre1’…
[ 150 ] P. 132b 1: .i. inchruth noe	[ 150 ] P. 132b 1. i.e. a ship’s gear[1].
for inchruth see inchrud Tur. 14, inchruth [sic legendum] Laws iv. 310, 7, incrod Laws v. 222, 2
[ 150 ] P. 133b …‘supplicium1’ et ‘artificium2’ neutra inueniuntur singularia.
[ 150 ] P. 133b 1: .i. todérnam 2: sáir dénmidecht[1]	[ 150 ]
leg. sáirdénmidecht, which is coined to express artificium
[ 150 ] P. 135b Apud Virgilium quoque in I: Nuda genu nodoque sinus collecta fluentis, quomodo ‘sinus collecta’ accusatiuum iunxit nominatiuo, sic etiam ‘nuda genu1.’ Terentius in heautontimorumeno: Eius anuis2 causa, opinor, quae erat mortua.
[ 150 ] P. 135b 1: .i. ainmnid dano fri ainsid híc 2: .i. uandí as anus	[ 150 ] P. 135b 1. i.e. a nominative then with an accusative here. 2. i.e. from anus.
[ 151 ] P. 136a Virgilius in VI: quae gratia currum1 Armorumque fuit uiuis, quamuis etiam geminata u possit metrum per sinalifam[1] stare2… …‘bobus3’…
[ 151 ] P. 136a 1: .i. um do glanad[2] inderiud ferso dég is uaguthaigthi intinns­cana infers do­diarmorat .i. armorum · reliqua 2: Aliter is · m · glantar as · ⁊ ind · a · toisech ind ḟerso dédenaich · et · ind · u · do accomol frisin fers ṅdédenach, ut maximianus dict · · 3: .i. ní bouibus dogní	[ 151 ] P. 136a 1. i.e. um is to be elided at the end of a verse, because the verse which follows it begins with a vowel, i.e. Armorum etc. 2. Otherwise: m is elided from it, and the initial a of the posterior verse, and the u is to be added to the posterior verse, as Maximi­anus says. 3. i.e. it (bos) does not make bouibus.
leg. synaloepham cf. Sg. 15b3
[ 151 ] P. 137b Liquet[1] tamen1 pro omnibus dictionibus dicere ‘uerba’ frequenti­que usu hoc appro­batur, nee non etiam ‘nomina,’ sed raro2, ut Virgilius in III[2]: foliisque notas et nomina mandat. …quando affectus animi diffinit3. Sciendum autem, quaedam uerba inueniri difectiua​…​et hoc​…​uel naturae nece­sitate4 fieri uel furtunae casu5. Ergo naturae necessitas bibertita[3] est in significatione et in commo­ditate6, id est in conso­nantia7 elemen­torum. …oppugnat ipso rerum natura propter signifi­cationem8​…​figura, ut si dicam: ‘bonus animus uxoris mihi nuptus est9’… …quotiens hoc pronomen [sc. sui sibi se] ponitur, ostendit tertiam personam uel ipsam et agere simul et pati a se, ut ‘penitet ilium sui10,’​…​uel…
[ 151 ] P. 137b 1: .i. is dílmain 2: .i. cesu meinciu aranecar uerbum do epirt donaib huilib rannaib arecar dano cid so[4] ind­huathad nomen do epirt doib · ut uirgilius 3: cinness 4: .i. ní airicc aicned 5: fadidmed aicned acht dondecmaiṅg anisiu 6: .i. hiforgnúis[5] 7: uand neph · 8: ar inṅinni 9: .i. is fuath ṅ eperta int inbodugud don menmmain 10: .i. gním ind aithirge cesad afodaitiu ·	[ 151 ] P. 137b 1. i.e. it is allowable. 2. i.e. although it is oftener found that all the parts of speech are called verbum, yet even this is found rarely that they are called nomen. 3. (when) it defines. 4. i.e. a thing which nature finds[6]. 5. nature would have suffered it, save that this so happens. 6. i.e. in form. 7. from the un‑[7]. 9. i.e. it is a figure of speech, the wedding of the mind. 10. i.e. the repent­ance (is) action, its endurance (is) passion.
leg. licet MS. VI leg. bipertita =cid inso? or leg. ciaso ‘though rarely’? cf. Sg. 139a1, 198a4, 203a2, 216b3 cf. Wb. 11c19 inconsonantia is taken as one word
[ 151 ] P. 138a …ipsum [ 152 ]enim uerbum agentis personae nomina­tiuum in se habet1. …in inter­rogatiuis .. quae tertiae sine dubio sunt personae et maxime iungi personae[1] absenti2 uel quasi absenti3…uocatiuum esse prohibet4… INcommoditate uero uel inconsonantia5…difficiunt quaedam… Ab eo quod est ‘tonsor,’ ‘tonstrix6’ fecit femininum, addita t, et ex eo diminu­tiuum ‘tonstri­cula’… Et ea per naturam7. …uel inconcinna[2]8 et turpia… …Inusitata sunt, quibus non inueniuntur usi auctores, quamuis proportione potes­tatem faciente dicendi9, ut ‘faux,’ ‘prex10,’ ‘dor11’ caus12 dico13 for[3] dicio .. positiuum faris debet esse for13a. Ea enim… quia in usu auctorum non inueni­untur, recusamus dicere. Cum igitur14 masculinum sit ‘nutritor,’
[ 151 ] [ 152 ] P. 138a 1: .i. sluintir persan tresin brethir cenibé ainmnid 2: .i. écndairc cian ut ille 3: .i. ecṅdairc ocus 4: .i. huare ata tert­persin[4] imme­chomarca­tar treo is airi nítechtat togarthid 5: robiat ar chuit folid cenid rubat ar chuit suin 6: is indí asrubart tostri­culae 7: béim forois insin · 8: nephḟograigthi 9: .i. cechonístis nombetis archuit analoige 10: .i. guide 11: .i. dobiur 12: .i. glenn .i. quamuis inuenitur caus magnum 13: asbiursa inna hisiu inusitata esse · ꝉ is dico ɔsecraim as écoimtig 13a: .i. archiunn 14: .i. iartestimin	[ 151 ] [ 152 ] P. 138a 1. i.e. person is expressed by the verb, though there be no nomina­tive. 2. i.e. far absent, as ille. 3. i.e. near absent. 4. i.e. because it is third persons which are inter­rogated by them, therefore they have not a vocative. 5. they can be in respect of substance, though they cannot be in respect of sound. 6. in that he (Cicero) has said tonstri­culae. 7. that is a recapitu­lation. 9. i.e. though they might be as regards analogy (ana­logical­ly). 12. i.e. a glen. 13. I say that these are not used. Or it is dico ‘I con­secrate’ that is unusual. 13a. i.e. ahead. 14. i.e. the end of the period.
leg. quae tertiae maxime solent iungi personae et, Hertz MS. inconcina a corrupt text, caus is taken as ‘hollow’ cf. Sg. 197a15, 211b9
[ 152 ] P. 138b et ex eo secundum analogiam nasce­batur1 ‘nutritrix’… …‘cum nobis2’ turpe est, itaque ‘nobiscum3’ prae­posterum profertur. Vnus4 ergo ex his plerunque quatuor modis5 iuuenitur, qui facit tam uerba quam alias partes orationis esse difec­tiuas. Dif­ferentiae quoque causa multa solent uel taceri uel contra regulam proferri, ut ‘fas’ genetiuum non habet; nam siue ‘fatis6’ seu ‘faris’ uel ‘fasis’ dicamus, aliud signi­ficare potest. ‘Fac,’ ‘dic,’ ‘duc,’ ‘fer,’ magis [ 153 ]placuit per apocopam proferri diffe­rentiae causa, ne, si ‘face,’ ‘duce,’ ‘fere,’ ‘dice7,’ diceremus, aliud signi­ficare putaremur, quamuis hoc non in omnibus con­similibus uel uniuocis soleat fieri8.
[ 152 ] P. 138b 1: .i. nogigne(d) 2: .i. étig sin 3: .i. alind son 4: .i. dagní sechip[1] óinmod díib 5: .i. damod naturæ ⁊ damod furtunae 6: .i. do­thoicdib [ 153 ]7: .i. huandí as dix coisecrad 8: .i. ní ecen anisiu do grés isnaib sonaib himbí[2] cos­mailius .i. anerthua­sacht ꝉ acum­scugud	[ 152 ] P. 138b 1. i.e. would be born. 2. i.e. ugly, that. 2. i.e. beautiful, that. 4. i.e. some one mode of them makes it. 5. i.e. two modes of nature and two modes of fortune. 6. i.e. to fates. [ 153 ]7. i.e. from dix[3] ‘consecration.’ 8. i.e. this is not always necessary in the words wherein there is simi­larity, i.e. that they should be silent (taceri) or that they should be changed.
cf. Ml. 115d5 MS. hibí a nominative invented for the defective genitive dicis. The glossator understands Priscian to say that dice is avoided because it might be confused with the ablative of dix.
[ 153 ] P. 139a …ad sensus1 pertinentia uerba, si quis altius considerat, in actiuis uocibus passionem et passiuis actionem fieri inueniat, ut ‘audio te’…ostendo enim, pati me aliquid in ipso actu2. Sed tamen quia nobis agentibus, id est sentien­tibus et aliquid facien­tibus3… actiuorum et uocem et construc­tionem4 habuerunt. …deponens uocatur, quasi simplex5 et absoluta6, quod per se ponitur7, uel quae deponit alteram8 significa­tionem et unam9 per se tenet, quomodo positiuus gradus10 dicitur, qui absolutus per se ponitur..
[ 153 ] P. 139a 1: .i. do chiallaib .i. ar ní hiforgnúis atá in cesad acht is hi ceill 2: .i. file indibsom 3: .i. huare is intrínsecus atá ingním ⁊ extrin­secus incésad ⁊ ishé infír gním iarum insin · 4: .i. acumtach 5: .i. ní eróim · r · hua gním ar iscomsuidigud són 6: .i. hu(a)gnim ⁊ hua chesad 7: .i. cen airitin · r · ab altero genere 8: .i. cesad 9: gním 10: .i. as ṅgrád	[ 153 ] P. 139a 1. i.e. to senses, i.e. for the passion is not in form, but in sense. 2. i.e. which is in them. 3. i.e. because the action is intrin­secus and the passion is extrin­secus, and that then is the real action. 4. i.e. the construc­tion. 5. i.e. it does not receive r from action, for that is compo­sition. 6. i.e. from action and from passion. 7. i.e. without receiving r ab etc. 8. i.e. passion. 9. action. 10. i.e. that it is a grade.
[ 153 ] P. 139b Haec autem uerba…possunt transire in quem fit actus1… ..ut ‘seruor2 tibi.’ Et est quaerendum, cur actiua ablatiuo per se3 non ad­iunguntur… Haec4 enim de se et ad se loquuntur, quod est suum5 animantium, quibus natura serraonem dedit. Iuuenalis in IIII: sed nulla aconita6 bibuntur Fictilibus,
[ 153 ] P. 139b 1: .i. his indí forsanairisedar ingním 2: .i. fordom chomaither 3: an óinor 4: .i. innahí huaṅgainedar cesad 5: sainred 6: neimi	[ 153 ] P. 139b 1. i.e. in him on whom the action rests. 2. i.e. I am preserved. 3. by them­selves. 4. i.e. those from which a passive is formed. 5. a speci­ality. 6. poisons.
[ 153 ] P. 140a Quis enim dicit ‘aror,’…nisi poetica conformatio1, id est [ 154 ]προσωποποιΐα[1], inducatur? …in quibus et fateri possunt2 eaedem[2] personae quod in se sit[3]… …quamuis ‘facitur’ quoque a ‘facio’ pro ‘fit3’ pro­tulerunt auctores…, ut Titinius in Quinto: consilium bonum gratia parui faciatur4. …‘calefacio,’ ‘tepefacio’ et similia ‘calefio’ et ‘tepefio’ loco pasiuorum habentur5. Quaedam neutra6…ut est ‘spiro,’ ‘uiuo’…
[ 153 ] P. 140a 1: .i. arád do ḟilid as a persin [ 154 ]2: .i. fosisetar in gním gnither foraib 3: .i. ar issed file do hodie 4: .i. do­thaidbse rombói fo · r · amal in · m̀brethir ṅ diuit ꝉ uerius ní comṡuidigther acht is ar in ṁbrethir ṅ diuit doberr · 5: is ciall chésto fil indib 6: ithé inna fír neuturáldi insin	[ 153 ] P. 140a 1. i.e. that it should be said by a poet in his person. [ 154 ]2. i.e. (they are able) to confess the deed that is done upon them. 3. i.e. for this is what is to it (facio) to-day. 4. i.e. to show that it was in r, like the simple verb. Or, more truly, it is not compound­ed, but it is put for the simple verb. 5. the sense of a passive is in them. 6. those are the true neutrals.
MS. ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲁⲡⲟⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁ MS. eadem recte fit
[ 154 ] P. 140b …quando inueniuntur1 tertiam passiuorum habentia personam… ‘Curritur’ enim ‘spatium’ bene dicimus2. Itaque huiusce­modi uerba non egent casu3… …unam duntaxat habent significa­tionem4…
[ 154 ] P. 140b 1: ataat ám inchrut sin 2: .i. huare ṁbís curritur 3: .i. huare is lán chiall indib chenae[1] 4: .i. ciall gníma ꝉ cesto	[ 154 ] P. 140b 1. they are indeed thus. 2. i.e. since there is wont to be curritur. 3. i.e. because it is a full meaning in them without it. 4. i.e. meaning of action or of passion.
for the aspiration of c cf. Sg. 40a 11, 151b 1, 212a 11, 238b 1
[ 154 ] P. 141a …architector1…
[ 154 ] P. 141a 1: cunutgim	[ 154 ]
[ 154 ] P. 142b ..cum uideantur actiuam habere constructionem…tamen pasiuam uim intrin­secus .. uidentur habere1… …τὸ ‘δοκῶ2’…
[ 154 ] P. 142b 1: .i. ciall chesta indib ⁊ immognam gníma 2: .i. grec indi as uideor	[ 154 ] P. 142b 1. i.e. passive sense in them and active construc­tion. 2. i.e. the Greek of videor.
[ 154 ] P. 143a …sanus sum et animo et corpore, nam et sapio bene et uideo et audio acute1… ‘angor2’… Sed haec magis per eclipsin3 consuetudo proferre tradidit. …‘anclo4’ et ‘anclor’ pro ‘perficio’ contra consuetudinem5 aliorum… …cum uideantur agere ipsi, ad quos passiuum refertur uerbum6, ut Virgilius in II Aeneidos:
[ 154 ] P. 143a 1: .i. is airi asbiur ám am slán nam reliqua 2: nomthachtar 3: .i. tre erchrae césta 4: forfiun 5: is fricomac­nabad donchésad 6: .i. is hinonn persan gnís ⁊ fodaim	[ 154 ] P. 143a 1. i.e. ’tis therefore, verily, I say ‘I am whole,’ for etc. 3. i.e. through the failure of the passive. 5. it is against the usage of the passive. 6. i.e. ’tis the same person that acts and suffers.
[ 154 ] P. 143b Implicat et miseros mursu depascitur1,2 artus. [ 155 ]
[ 154 ] P. 143b 1: gelid · consumit · uirgilianum 2: sástair quando passiuum[1] [ 155 ]	[ 154 ] P. 143b 2. (meaning) it is fed when it is passive. [ 155 ]
in marg. sup.; dürfte der gewöhnliche glossator sein, Thurneysen

[ 155 ]...Idem in VIII:

Consurgit senior tonicaque induitur^ artus.

...'absciditur* caput'... (i. p. 392)

...perse' pa ti demonstrant... ...'inundo^'... 'Assuesco*'... P- I44a

'Coeo*'... (I. p. 394)

Sunt, quae tarn actiua quam pasiua uoce unnm atque idem ^- ^^^^ significants. . ...'quirito' et 'quiritor^'...'nequit' et 'nequitur^'...

'Lento/ 'lentor^' et 'lenteo'^'... 'Umecto*'... Virgilius... . in I georgicon../LiquiturV pi'O 'pedetemptim desoluitur.' 39^) ' lo ...'lacto*'... 'Deficio/ . . quando .. pro 'dificiscor*' neutrum est. p. 145a

...'experior'^'... Quamquam simplex eius 'peritus' sit, cuius (i. p. 399) uerbum in usu non est'... Nam 'repperio,' 'comperio' .. sicut P. Uob 'aperio^' actiua sunt. Difficio' autem loco pasiui deficio" facit. ^^'fJ^:^^' 401)

. ..'labo^abas'. . .'lauo^ lauas' et 'lauo* lauis'. . .'mando*' ivTeWop^at'^, p 145 15 'mandas,' 'mando',' fiaa-ay/j-ai^, 'mandis,'...'fundoV e'/c^eo), 'fundis/ . , (i. pp. 402, 'obsero^' irept^dWo) rov /xox^ov, 'obseras,' 'obsero®,' Trepia-TreLpco^, *^^)

3. indtuigther 4. .i. imdibenar qiiod ofFendit totuw corpus ^- ^f ^^

1. X. huadib fdissna : (so)w (?) non ab alio 2. intonnaigim " ^"^ 3. adcuindminim^ 4. .i. otdig .i. adit usus est

1. .i. is hinunn chiall indib illitred gnima 7 chesto 2. .i. P. 144b hastas colligo .i. gaigim t quero i populo alloquor*^ • 3. .i. feib fondudir som la awctoru" mamlid dadrbuid • reliqua

1. .i. dlgenaigim i fillim 2. .i. atoibim 3. folcaim p. i45a 4. .i. isdilgen doneprinn trdctairecht forsdiiquitur insin 5, 6. do- 25 gdithim .i. nutrio [marg. 1.] arbiathim^

1. arachrinim 2. .i. dosceulaim 3. arecar anainm P. I45b indiuitius 7 ni airecar in briaihair acht hi comsuidigud 4. amal asmbi'iathax gnima aperio

1. .i. t'ssed asbeiT hic arberr chial chesto asindi as difficio quango P. pro uiucor accipitwr ut in ante ostendit • >

1. .i. dofuislim 2. .i. dofonuch 3. /olcainiTa 4. .i. P. 146 b imtrenigim 5. .i. ithim 6. doddlim 7. /escrigim^ 8. clandaim

1. i.e. from themselves, not from another. P- 144 a

1. i.e. the meaning in them is the same in-the-series-of- letters (ex- P. pressing) active and passive (as mereo, mereor). 3. i.e. as he has found it in authors so he has showed it, etc.

4. i.e. 'gently it flows'; that {pedeteviptiin dissolvitur) is a commen- P. 145a tary on liquitur. 5, 6. I dupe. I feed.

3. the noun is found uncompounded (lit. in simplicity), but the verb P. 145b is found only in composition. 4. as aperio is an active verb.

1. i.e. 'tis this he says here : a passive meaning is derived from P. 146 a deficio when it is taken for vincor, as he shews afterwards.

7. I grow towards evening (/escory. P. 146b

a: recte defetiscor

b: leg. defio

c: MS. eNOeAAoAMAi

d: MS. macoAAai

e: MS. nepicnipo)

f: ci. adchondeimnea Ml. 130» 14

g: the Latin glosses precediug and following .i. gaigim are from glossator C

h: cf. auctaru Ml. 35** 17

i: doga- ithim gloss. A, .i. nutrio gloss. C, arbiathim gloss. A, Thurneysen

k: Prise, i. 404

l: the glossator takes obsSro to be cognate with sera : see The Deponent verb in Irish, p. 45 note.

[ 156 ]'obseris'; 'appello'/ Tr/Doo-aYopeLift)*, * appellas/ 'appello'",' irpoawOoi^,

'appellis/ 'uolo",' Trero/Mai, *uolas,' 'uolo^V ^ovXo/jLai, 'uis/ 'cons- ternor",' Trrvpofiai, ' consternaris/ ' consternor",' KaTaarpcovvvfiai", 'consterneris.' Nam 'lego legas' et 'lego legis' et 'dico dicas' et 'dico dicis**' etiam in prima persona habent differentias temporum... 5

'Sapio' prudentia et sapore^^

Tempus accidit uerbo ad diuersi actus significationem^ accommo- datum...

Nee mirum tarn late patere^ praeteritum tempus, cum in notitiam nostram nihil sic naturaliter a longo saeculorum spatio 10 potest uenire, quomodo actus praeteriti temporise In praesenti enim et in futuro pleraque incerta sunt nobis angustissimaque est eorum cognitio nobis et dubia^ plerumque ; itaque singulis uocibus per haec duo tempora® iure sumus contenti ; quamuis Graeci futurum quoque diuiserunt in quibusdam uerbis in futurum in- 15 finitum", ut TV-yjrofMat^, et paulo post futurum", quod et Atticum* dicunt, ut rervy^oixai^. Melius tamen Romani considerata futuri natura, quae omnino incerta est, simplici^"* in eo uoce utuntur nee finiunt' spatium futuri".

Instans autem indiuiduum est, quod uix stare potest^ Vnde 20

9. adglddur 10. indrbenim 11. foll'Aur 12. ad- cobraim 13. fobothaim 14. fommdlagar t foalgim^ 15. .i. Ar atd dechor naimsire hisuidib lacumscugud cot6edne no» sic praedicto 16. .i. trebaraigiTii 7 sapio asCigninaim

1. .i. do dechor gnima 2. arndaosailci^ 3. .i. med as 25 maam gnirn praeteriti conidreid afodil 4. .i. cia cruth^ thhias 5. .i. oin guth fri cechtar de 6. ecrichthae .i. med apaulo post sin 7. .i. todochaide gairbiuc iartain 8. .i. laatacu insin 8a. absque diuisione .i.fudb^ 9. nicinnet 10. .i. ut paulo post .i. ni bia leo insin • 30

1. anephthairismech

15. i.e. for there is a difference of time in them along with the shifting of the conjugation. 16. i.e. I am wise, and sapio I know.

1. i.e. to distinguish action. 2. that it opens it" {aimser F. 35 'time'). 3. i.e. that is how the action of the preterite is greatest, so that it is easy to divide it. 4. i.e. how it will be. 5. i.e. a single word for each of them. 6. (future) infinite, i.e. that is the paulo-post. 7. i.e. future shortly afterwards. 8. i.e. that belongs to Attic writers. 10. i.e. as the paulo-post, that is, that they will 40 not have.

1. the inconstant.

a: MS. TTpOCTepeyCO

b: MS. TTpOCOOTCO

c: MS. KATACTpCONeCMAI

d: MS. Tl<t)OM&i

e: MS. et YyoM&Y

f: foalgivi ist spater und mit anderer tinte eingetragen, doch weiss ich nicht ob der glossator ein andrer ist, Thurneysen

g: the 7t superscribed

h: rectius chruth

i: leg. fudil ; the last letter is not the usual b, Thurneysen

k: for the translation of patere cf. Vol. i. p. 372 note b

[ 157 ]merito a quibusdam 'instans' imperfectum nominatur^ Nisi enim

sit imperfectum, in eo adhuc esse actus intellegi non potest'. Futurum quoque cum incertum sit . . *et infinitum, utrum paulo post an multo erit", non potuit discretis quibusdam finibus declina- 5 tionis uti.

Apud Graecos etiam praeteriti temporis sunt imperatiua*, quam- uis ipsa quoque ad futuri temporis sensum pertineant, ut ^vemx^ot -q irvXt)^ 'aperta sit porta^'... Erga nos quoque possumus in P- 148a passiuis...uti^ praeterito tempore imperatiui^...'amatus sit^' uel lo'esto'... Quod autem uim praeteriti habet huiuscemodi con- (^- P- ^0"^) structio^ ostendunt subiunctiua" praeteriti perfecti...

Optatiuus autem, quamuis ipse quoque uideatur ad futurum pertinere.-.tamen habet etiam *^ praeteritum tempus, quia euenit saepe de absentibus et ignotis rebus precari*, ut facta* esse ante nobis 15 potuerint in notitiam uenii-e, ut si", filio meo Romae in praesenti

2. .i. ainm leo dofrecndairc imperfecio 3. .i. issed dogni^-'^^l^ freciidairc de praesenti huith neich de chen forhae ar manibe bith 'continued sechmadskchte • • 4. .i. is ecintech ingnim arafolmathar 5. .i. post .i. paulo post bd multo post • 6. .i. arecar forngarthaid 20 sechmadachti lagrecu • - 7. .i. bad cersoilcthe .i. gidh sech- madachti 7 iodochaidi wimurgu

1. .i. aramberam biuth 2. .i. bad carthi 3. .i. issed P. I48a acumdach leiss accomol indarann ocslund^ imperatiui • ~ 4. .1. ind r6ta adgiksi optait m biat cedacht o. ama farcuimsitis ^5 6. .i. forcomnacair buith amaicc som hiroini affamenad som didiu no legad amacc innheret sin imbdi^ [in marg.] et- robu anfiss dosoni inro- leg fanacc • deg rombu ecndaircc'^ do 7 afamenad rafesed in roleg • • ~

2. i.e. a name they have for the present imperfect. 3. i.e. P. 147 b this is what makes a present de praesenti, that something of it is continued 30 without completion, for unless there be, it will be a preterite. 4, ie. the act is indefinite for whose sake it is undertaken*^. 5. i.e. post i.e. paulo-post or multo-post. 6. i.e. an imperative of the past is found ^ith the Greeks. 7. i.e. let it be opened, i.e. a word of the preterite and yet of the future.

1. i.e. to use (lit. that we may use). 2. i.e. let him be loved'. P- 148a 3. i.e. this is the construction in his opinion, junction of the two parts in expressing the imperative. 4. i.e. the things which the optative desires, they are not however. 5. as though they had happened. 6. i.e. his son happened to be in Rome. He desired then that his son 40 should read during that time that he was (there) ; but he (the father) knew not whether he (the son) had read or not, because he was absent from him; and he (the father) wished that he should know it, whether he (the son) had read.

a: MS. HNHCoxBoJ- HHYAN

b: MS. imperatiuo

c: MS. subjunctatina

d: .i. habet <» habet etiam, MS. etiam

e: cf. Sg. 209" 28.

f: leg. mboi ? cf. Ml. 33» 9, 39» 2

g: cf. Sg. 161" 3, Ml. 29<» 15

h: 'that it purposes ' (?), cf. Vol. i. p. 615 note f, J.S. See Ase. Gl. p. 149

i: if carthi =carthe (rectius charthe); otherwise amatus sit is mistranslated as amandus sit

[ 158 ]degente", optans dicam: 'utinam Romae filius meus legisset auctores,

propter quos nunc ibi raoratur*'... Possumus tamen hoc uti modo (i. p. 408) etiam ostendentes, quae optamus non euenisse"... ...'utinam legerem heri"'... Potest autem iste optatiuus et inceptus" et non inceptus^^ ante intellegi. Nam si dicam : 'utinam legerem heri 5 quoque, quomodo nudiustertius/ ostendo coepisse quidem, non finisse tamen; sin autem dicam: 'utinam legerem heri saltim"' ostendo nee coepisse. Similiter" si dicam : 'utinam adhuc legerem/ ostendo coepisse^® quidem in praeterito, in praesenti autem caessare... P. 148b ...'utinam legissem ante quinquagenta annos' et 'utinam legissem 10 ante horam^' Nee mirum sic intinite in hoc modo intellegi prae- teritum, quod quantum ad ueram intellectionem nullum certum nee inceptum" nee* finem habuit.

Cum dicimus enim ' legere/ significamus rem imperfectam, quae uel ad praesens uel ad praeteritum imperfectum attinet, cum uero 15 'legisse,' perfectam, quae sua^ est tam praeteriti perfecti, quam plusquamperfecti. Nota autem, quod uim nominis rei ipsius habet uerbum infinitum. Vnde quidam nomen uerbi hoc® esse® dicebant... (i. p. 409) Itaque omnis modus finitus potest per hunc modum interpretari'...

Gerundia. . .cum participiorum uel nominum uideantur habere 20 casus obliques^ nee tempora significent... Itaque pro infinite.

7. .i. anarambeir biuth 8. .i. arlegend Leo 9. .i. ni rabatar cidecht ar ni ail aicsu^ forsani nothechti 10. niroilgius tmmurgu 11. .i. hiid intinnscann .i. [axite optaimwrn] and 7 ni forhanar 12. a'ii.cw tantum his and cen intinnscann" 13. cid ind he 14. .i. frisa quomodo nudiustertius 15. .i. robd^ 6c legund

1. .i. issed a multo in sin 2. .i. med apaulo 3. .i. intinscanta ni dechuid do chom forcinn • anintinscann • - 4. .i. sainredach 5. .i. finitum® .i. combad he ecrichdatu sin nobed and 3° .i. cumang nominis 7 uerbi • - 6. .i. nomhith 7. .i. is triit astoascther intdiucht^ cachmuid 8. delb trituisel foraib it trituisil hirec reliqua quod melius

8. i.e. for reading with them. 9. i.e. they were not, however, for it is not proper to wish for what thou hast. 10. I have not read, 35 however. 11. i.e. there is a beginning therein and it is not perfected. 12. the wish for it only is there, without beginning, 13. even yesterday. 14. i.e. (similiter) to quomodo nudiustertius. 15. i.e. 'that I was reading.'

1. i.e. that is the multo. 2. i.e. this is the paulo. 3. i.e. begun : the beginning has not gone to the end. 4. i.e. special. 5. i.e. infinitum, i.e. that would be the infinity which is in it, i.e. power of the noun and verb. 6. i.e. that it used to be. 7. i.e. through it is expressed the meaning of every mood. 8. i.e. a paradigm of three cases upon them : or it is three cases simply, quod melius.

a: om. MS.; the glossator explains the MS. text

b: MS. aucsu, with i written over the former u. Aicsu (from *ad-gustio) may be the verbal noun of ad-giisim, but in 148* 12 ucu, cf. Wb. dO^ 23

c: MS. inthinxcann with punctum delens over h

d: rectius rombd, but cf. Sg. S*> 15, 45" 1, 50» a, 68" 9

e: leg. infinitum

f: the second i superscribed

[ 159 ]qui coniungitur* genetiuo casui^" articuli apud Graecos, nos utimur

in 'di' terminatione"...'legendi,^ 'toO dvayvaxTreov'^^'^ ' kol 'tov ava- yivcoaKeiv^^' . . koI Wov avayivaxTKeadat,^*.' luuenalis in I :

Plurimus hie aeger moritur uigilando, sed ilium ^'

Langorem peperit cibus imperfectus.

...ut 'legendo^*' avayvcocrreo)^" koX ev tm avayivoxTKeiv'^^^ koI 'iv tc3 P* 149a avTiyivo)(rKea6at^^^.' uerbo enim separata praepositio per appo- (^- P- ■*10) sitionem^ praeponi non potest. In 'do' quoque terminantia^ inueni- untur ante se habentia separatam praepositionem. ,..nec genera lo discernunt nee numeros, quod suum est* infinitorum uerborum... 'intellegendi Homerum* causa uenio'.,.quamuis rarus sit huiuseemodi p. 149b construetionis usus'. A caeteris uero neutris^ et a deponentibus (i. p. 411) gerundia quidem eandem habent^ signifieationem, quam et uerba...

Quid enim est 'uenatum*' aliud nisi 'ad uenandum'? ...quern- (i, p. 412)

9. .i. dogenitin articuil adcomaltar ingerind in • di • ardoellatar P. 148 b articuil leosom is genitiu articuil iai-um tov masu- to file iarnachul-^ continued 10. .i. ut est huius, api^d nos genitiuus articol^ tov dano apwd graeeos 11. .i. uan gerind indi 12. .i. teora greca mso dondi as legendi • 13. .i. a^rec anisiu intan aramberar ciall 20 hretktQ gnima ass • 14. .i. a^rec anisiu intan arambeiar ciall chesta ass • ut paulo post dicet • 15. .i. dered fersa 16. ^rec coil driicol^ 7 remsuidigud 17. ciall nominis 18. .i. ciall gnima 19. ce'sad

1. .i. trechomaisiiddis 2. .i. do denom anma diih insin p. 149 a 253. sainred 4. .i. fn dinsid fogniinbriathar asberr inteWigo • reliqua 5. .i. ara forcmatis intuisel sainredach innahrethxe huambiat ■

1. .i. pasiuis 1 6 neuturgnim^ -fir neutor tmmurgu nabiiathra P. Udh remeperthi 2. .i. sens saichdetath^ 3. .i. am as uenatum

9. i.e. to the genitive of the article is joined the gerund in -di, for P. 148 b 30 with them articles are declined. Now tov is the genitive of the article, if continued it is TO that is behind it. 10. i.e. as with us huius is the genitive of the article, so with the Greeks is tov. 11. i.e. from the gerund in -di. 12. i.e. these are three Greek words for legendi. 13. i.e. this is its Greek when the meaning of an active verb is expressed by it. 14. i.e. 35 its Greek is this when the meaning of a passive verb is expressed by it, as he will say soon. 15. i.e. the end of a verse. 16. Greek with an article and a preposition. 17. meaning of a noun. 18. meaning of action. 19. passion.

2. i.e. that is to make a noun of them. 3. special. 4. i.e. P. I49a 40 with an accusative the verb intelligo is construed, etc. 5. i.e. that they should preserve the special case' of the verb from which they are.

1. i.e. passives, or from a neuter action: true neuters, however, are p. 149 b the verbs aforesaid. 2. i.e. sense of striving towards. 3. i.e. the word venatum.

a: MS. ANAfNCOTeOY

b: MS. ANAfNOCTea)

c: MS. ANAflNOCKeiN

d: MS. ANTiNcoCKAiceAi

e: for the genitive sg. articuil

f: over con articol caue is written in the same hand

g: leg. neutxxTgnim

h: gen. sg. of saichdetu, cf. Sg. 214*' 1, saichdetu dochum luic

i: i.e. the case which the verb governs

[ 160 ]ammodum propria nomina ciuitatum^ quae cum 'ad locum' signifi-

cant, carent praepositione. Visionem"^ tam ex actione quam ex pasione® potest fieri. ...communem habent significationem ab actiuis uel communibus nata, ut 'oratum'...'oratu'...idem enim significamus". 5

...ut 'curritur a me^' pro 'curro'... Hoc autem interest inter (i. p. 413) infinitum pasiuum et infinitum, qui fit ab impersonalibus, quae nascuntur a uerbis actiuis, quod infinitus passiuus uerbo eget solo ad perfectam significationem'^...

Cum enim tempus fluuii more instabili uoluatur cursu, uix lo (I. p. 414) punctum habere potest in praesenti^, hoc est instanti. Similem huic uim habeut etiam uocatiua^, ut 'Priscianus uocor, nominor, noncupor, appellor.'

Alia autem uerba praesentis^ . . inter praeteritum et futurum sunt, exempli causa, si incipiam uersum aliquem scribere et dicam 15 'scribo uersum,' dum adhuc ad finem eius non peruenerim et cum pars eius sit iara scripta, pars autem scribenda*. Ergo praesens tempus hoc solemus dicere, quod contineat et coniungat quasi puncto aliquo" iuncturam praeteriti temporis et futuri nulla intercesione (i. p. 415) interueniente^...ut" si in medio uersu dicam 'scribo uersum'...

4. .1. analo^ia laissem anisiu dothaidbse cheille saichdetath^ is- ingerind • > 5. .i. ani as uisionem .i. uisio 6. .i. is cummae adcither nech 7 add • 7. ata dano linni insin .i. dede doairbeirt agennd'^ gnimo et coitchin • >

1. .i. is follus gnim et persona hi • curritur iartormuch pro- 25 nominis ama as follus hi curro • 2. .i. ar ni ecen dechor fri cesad donaib hi bite hiXaneutur •

1. [in marg.] Samlaid^ som hie tra praesens temptts fri pone bis etir dason nand mmda sin abrig • sic praesens iiiter p/'aeteritum et futwrum • > 2. .i. torand hifrecndairc indib cadesin 7 folud 30 tairismech 3. .i. cen mitha sum et uocatiwa 4. .i. biid 5. ni maa sin abrig 6. ni bi ni etarro 7. amal

4. i.e. he has here an analogy to shew the sense of aiming at in the gerund. 5. i.e. the word visionem, i.e. visio. 6. i.e. 'tis equally that one is seen or (lit. and) sees. 7. that then we have, i.e. to 35 express two things by the gerund of an active and a common verb.

1. i.e. manifest in curritur is action and person after adding a pronoun, as is manifest in curro. 2. i.e. for to those which are from a neuter there is no need to be distinguished from the passive.

1. here then he likens the present time to a point which is between 40 two sounds — that it is of no more account than that. So is the present between the past and the future. 2. i.e. a signification in the present in them themselves and a constant® meaning. 3. i.e. besides sum and vocativa. 4. i.e. is (to be written). 5. it is of no more account than that. 6. nothing is between them. 7. as. 45

a: leg. Visio enim

b: gen. sg. of saichdetu, cf. Sg. 214" 1 : saichdetu dochum luic

c: Ms. ageriind, with punctum delens under the first i, Windisch ; but according to Thurneysen it is rather a mark of length over i of gnimo

d: elsewhere in the glosses the present indicative of this verb is deponent

e: tairismech the opposite of nephthairisviech which is used to render instans (tempus)

[ 161 ]Ex eo...nascitur plusquamperfectum, si inueterauerit^ res a nobis P. I5la

perfecta.

Sciendum tamen, quod Romani praeterito perfecto . . in re modo completa^ utuntur... Sed sicut apud illos [scil. Graecos] 5 infinitum tempus'^" adiectione rod 'dprc' aduerbii top irapaKeifievov, id est adiacens tempus^ tov'^ he 'TrdXac' top vTrepavvTeXiKov, id est (i. p. 416) plusquamperfectum, significat, sic apud nos hoc, id est praeteritum perfectum, potest et modo et multo ante intellegi perfectum'*. .. ...si uelimus explanandae quantitatis causa temporis' addere, ante ro quot dies uel annos, nee licet illi^ 'modo' uel 'nuper' aduerbia ad- P- I51b iungereS praeteritum uero perfectum ad manifestandam significa- tionem^ eget uel 'modo^' uel 'pridem'*' aduerbiis.

Futurum ex praesenti nascitur, quippe cum praesens medium sit" praeteriti imperfecti et futuri. . . .nam futuro quoque tempori cognatio 15 est cum praeterito perfecto quantum ad infinitatem temporis^ hoc (i- P- 417) est ad dopicTTOv. Idque ex participiis maxime est conicere', quae cum in praeterito tempore nou finiunt spatium temporis praeteriti, breue sit an longum... similiter in futuro... Sed quia ad praesens P. I52a quoque ei est cognatio^, fit etiam a praesenti futurum, ut 'amans 20 amandus'...

...'patruus amitta^' 'auunculus matertera'... Propria enim (i- P- 418) nomina non sunt naturaliter mobilia^, sed ex sese nascuntur... ...carent significatione definita^...

1. masenaigidir 2. statim factam 7 iamaforbo 2a. .i. P. I5la 25 multo au^e 3. .i. isi ind aimser ecrichdae asrhbiur frit 4. .i. ciall praeteriti plusquamperfec^i an^om" hisuidiu • > 5. .i. dothaidhse inna meite nammd

1. .i. aris Idn chidl inolfoirhthiu chene 2. .i. imfochroih hd P- 15lb chian 3. .i. 6 modo 4. .i. hua pridem 5. atd etarro zo itwinedon 6. A. ecrichdai an diis 7. isfollus dfin file choib- nius etir sec^madachte 7 ^oc^ochaide ex -participiis

1. .i. aris eter secAmadachte 7 ^ocfochaide atd 2. .i. aile P- lo2a mdthsiiT [in marg.] isidorus^ amitta soror patris qwasi altera mater 3. .i. comsreithson cenfodail ceniuil 4. erchintiu

2. done and after its completion. 3. i.e. this is the indefinite time P. 151 a which I mention to thee. 4. i.e. the sense of a preteritum plusquam perfectum, is there in this. 5. i.e. to display the quantity only.

1. i.e. for it is a full sense in the pluperfect without it. 2. i.e. P. 151b whether at hand or afar. 3. i.e. (has need) of modo^. 4. i.e. of ^o pridem^. 5. i.e. it is between them amidst. 6. Le. indefinite are the two of them. 7. it is manifest to us from the participles that there is an affinity between the past and the future.

1. i.e. for it stands between the past and the future. 2. i.e. a second P. 152a mother. 3. i.e. this (is) a construction without distinction of gender.

a: MS. TO

b: MS. ilia

c: = amisom, andsom ' therein ' : cf. Wb. 28"= 5.

d: cf. amita est soror patris, quasi alia mater, Is. Etym. Lib. ix. 6, 18.

e: Ir. aidlicnigur ' egeo ' is followed by d, e.g. Sg. 4" 10

[ 162 ]p. 152b ...'sisto^,' 'tollo/ 'fero' . . Ennius in annalium XI:

(i. p. 419)

Missaque per pectus, dum transit, striderat^ hasta.

(i. p. 420) ...uerba, quae uel literarum inconsonantia' uel* regularum quibusdam rationibus impediantur. . .

Item impersonalia uerba quae ex se nascuntur, deficiunt per 5 tempus futurum in modo infinito...

...prima positio uerbi, quae uidetur ab ipsa natura^ esse prolata, in (i. p. 422) hoc est modo, quemammodum in nominibus est casus nominatiuus, et quia substantiam sine sententiam sine essentiam rei significat^ quod in aliis modis non est. ...inter aduerbia magis ponenda *° [scil. infinita] censuerunt, quod* nee numeros nee personas.,.habent... P. 153b Sed haec postea reputentur"^ nunc hoc sufficiat ostendere, non bene ab infinitis quosdam^ coepisse, ...sicut et praesens tempus ideo aliis praeponitur temporibus^ et primum optinet locum, quod in ipso sumus, dum loquimur de praeterito et futuro — , et quia ad praesens ^5 praeterita et futura intelleguntur*...et quod praeteritum non potest (I. p. 423) esse, nisi quod fuerit prius praesens^ Futuri autem uox sine signifi- catione esset, nisi cogitantibus {.i. nobis] et notionem sumentibus ex praesenti uel ex praeterito*. ...ista sine illis potest inueniri, cum secum aliquis loquitur", illae autem sine ista non inueniuntur ; et 20 quod causa naturaliter ante causatiua...esse solet^ ...et quod qui agit incipit*, sequitur autem qui patitur...

...subiunctiuus, qui cum diuersas habeat significationes, non ab

1. dodiut uirgiliawwm" 2. cichnaigistir 8. dndneph- chomfogur 25

1. .i. impersonali nad Mat huabrethir ut poenitet pudet reliqua 2. gnimo primae persowae 3. slond gnimo hirec^ dogni indidit 4. .i. ol

1. .i. adrimfiter 2. ani 3. .i. cid arinfrecfidairc his resecAmadachtu anisiu infecht so 4. .i. robatar et biet hifrecAdsiirc 30 5. .i. robu freciidairc riavtx 6. .i. oid airi rolaad fodead 7. .i. lais feisin cen acaldaim nach aili 8. .i. isi as causa aliarwm 9. .i. istoisigiu ingnim fornech

3. from the inconsonance.

1. i.e. impersonals which are not from a verb, as poenitet etc. 35 2. of the action of the first person. 3. it is the signification of the act simply which the indicative does.

1. i.e. they will be reckoned. 2. that (which)*. 3. i.e. this is now even for the present which is before the past. 4. i.e. they have been and they will be in the present. 5. i.e. it has been present 40 formerly. 6. i.e. so therefore it has been put at the end. 7. i.e. by himself, without conversing with any other. 8. i.e. this is the causa aliarum. 9. i.e. the action on any one is earlier'.

a: om. MS.

b: reete refutentur

c: cf. Sg. 143" 1

d: cf. p. 63 note b, and Cormac s.v. taurthait

e: the reference of this gloss is not clear

f: cf. Sg. 209'* 12

[ 163 ]una earum, sed a constructione nomen accepit^, ueluti denominatiua, P. 154a

quae diuersas habentia significationes generale tamen nomen mul- tarum specierum sibi defendunt^ ...nisi quid^ impedimento (i. p. 425) fuisset...

IMpersonale uerbum suae cuiusdam significationis*. ..

Sopina. . .nomina uidentur esse, quae tamen loco infinitiuorum P. I54b ponuntur^.. ...indubitabilia* nomina^...

...ut inchoatiua...quae plerumque a neutris absolutam uel intrin- P. 155a secus natam significantibus passionem, quam Graeci avToirddeiav^ (i- P» 427) lo dicunt, diri vantur. . . . ' hio hisco "... (i. p. 428)

...'sciscitor^ sciscitaris'.. . ...'noto notas,' in quo similiter P. 155b est notandum, quod, cum a noto fit diriuatum^ corripuit tamen (i. p. 430) paenultimam. ...'traho tracto^,..'dico dicto^'; sed si quis attentius (^- P- ^31) inspiciat, non penitus absistunt" neque haec a priraitiuorum signifi- es catioue.

1. .i. ni oin innanilchial techtas arroet ammnigud^ acbt P- I54a isuabuith ifoacomol oc lathur thestimin 2. .i. each gnuis nad techta ainm sainredach 3. .i. ni 4. .i. slond gnimo centorant persine

1. .i. dialuc'^ fadesin t doluc infinite- reliqua- 2. .i. nifil F.15ih chumtubairt ata nanmman sidi

1. an • aito^ dondi as nsitsim 2. [marg. 1.] Probws* dtct't EST P. I55a praeterea hio bias ex quo iteratiuum figurate didmus • hiato • tas^ incho[a]tiuum uero hisco -scis- sed quanqitam ita e^se habet tamen 25 plus ines^e uidetwr in eo quod est hiscere quam hiare • hiat enim qui ore patet uelnt oscitat quod in rehus factis animaduerti potest hiscere uero incipere loqwi • illud praeterea libuit ncwnullis animad- uertere quod actiuis non nulla figurata inchoatiua reperiuntwr esse pasiua quale est gelo • as • at • cum inchoatiuuw gelasco facit quod 30 pasiuum' est enim incipio gelare item est idem cum est lento • as • unde 7 niTgilius lentandus remits in unda ex hoc inchoatiuum (l)entasco facit (i)dem uirgilius • sed (pi)cis i?i morem (ad d)egitos len(tescit) haben(do) . .tar ethirche . . . bednae . . . utius ...ch{V) lapro tmrnurgu . . .

1. .i, ondi as scisco file ondi as^ scio • 2. .i. ondi as notus P- 155b 3. imradim 4. .i. doerdechtim 5. .i. nidechrigetar

1. i.e. it is not from one of the many meanings which it possesses P- 154 a that It has received (its) appellation, but from its being in subj unction in arranging the text. 2. i.e. every species which has not a special 40 name. 3. i.e. something. 4. i.e. expression of action without denoting person.

1. i.e. to their own place or to the place of the infinitive. 2. i.e. P. 154b there is no doubt that these are nouns.

1. the avTo- from natam. ^' 155 a

1. i.e. from scisco, which is from sdo. 2. i.e. from notus. P. 155b 5. i.e. they do not differ.

a: MS. indabitalia

b: MS. aimnigud

c: cf. Sg. 28" 4

d: this indicates that the gloss was written on a text which had the variant ahoTddeiav

e: Hertz seems to think that this was the Probus who died a.d. 859

f: leg. passiuum est?

g: om. MS.

[ 164 ]...a rege^ 'regno*... Apud Latinos autem dignitatum nomina

(i. p. 432) pleraque ex uerbis uel nominibus nascuntur, quae faciunt uerba'*, ut P. 156b 'consul' a consulendo'... A uilico^ etiam 'uilico' uel 'uilicor' (i. p. 433) dicebant antiqui. ...ab unda^ 'undo, abundo, inundo'...a mare* (i. p. 434) uel marito 'marito maritas'... Artium uero nomina^ tarn apud 6 Graecos pleraque quam apud nos omnia post uerba naturaliter sunt accipienda. 'Doceo' post 'doctor', ..'suo' post 'sutor"'... Nomina' quoque, quae ex ipso actu® agentibus^ imponuntur, ex uerbis nomina, non ex nominibus uerba perficiunt...

...apud Romanes uero semper intrinsecus fit declinatio^, id est in lo (i. p. 436) ipsa iunctura sequentis uerbi^ uel post eam, 'conficio confeci'... (i. p. 437) Et illud quoque sciendum, quod principalem lyteram, quancunque habuerit positio uerbi, in suo loco seruamus* per omnem decliua- tionem, ut 'amo amaui'...

Quaeritur in compositis uerbis, cur, cum saepe in praesenti i5 corrupta sit aliqua pars compositionis, in praeterito Integra inuenitur, ut 'perficio perfeci'... Excipitur 'alteruter alterutrius,' quod cum in nominatiuo ex duobus integris sit, in genetiuo non est, nam 'alteriusutrius' esset*... ...sicut et 'quicquam' cuiusquam®' et 'idem eiusdem.' Euphoniae causa tamen haec fieri manifestum est^... 20

Apparet ergo ex hoc^ quod compositio huiuscemodi uerborum,

1. .i, ondi as rex 2. .i. tecmaing dano huith briatha,r huadib sem ut uilico ondi as uilicus • 3. ondi as consulo 7 reliqua sic

1. .i. uandi as uilicus .i. rechtaire 2. .i. huandi as unda • 3. .i. ondi as mas .i. fer 4. .i. dana .i. anmman arafdimtar 25 didanaib ut doctor de doctrina • - 5. .i. cairem^ 6. .i. doberr P. 157b ainm ndoib dingnim gnite 7. .i. donaibhi gnite

1. .i. is immeddn dognither infilliud nifodeud 2. .i. inna rainne dedenchm wcAomsuidigthi*' 3. .i. indliter huatinscana inchetna persan isuadi dano intinscanat inna aimsir^ olchence 30 4. .i. mad odib nogaib 5. .i. anog 7 6g 6. dandg 7. ishe inso tuasolcud indimchomairc asrubart riam 8. .i. as causa euphoniae immefolngai andliged sin

1. i.e. from rex. 2. i.e. it happens then that verbs are (derived) from them as villico from villicus. 3. from consulo etc. .^5

1. i.e. from villicus 'steward.' 2. i.e. from unda. 3. i.e. from mas a male. 4. i.e. of arts, i.e. names which are assumed from arts, as doctor from doctrina. 6. i.e. a name is given to them from the deed which they do. 7. i.e. to those that do.

1. i.e. the flexion is effected internally, not at the end. 2. i.e. 40 of the final part of the compound. 3. i.e. the letter in which the first person (of the present) begins, is also that in which the other tenses begin. 4. i.e. if it were from two integers. 5. i.e. a non-integer and an integer. 6. two integers. 7. this is the solution of the question which he has previously put (Quaeritur in compositis etc.). 45 8. i.e. that it is the causa euphoniae that causes that law.

a: recte Omnia

b: pl. cairemain LL. 29» 28

c: the former h is expressed by the usual mark of aspiration over the c

d: Or can aimser 'tense' have had the plural aimsir, as persin from persan?

[ 165 ]quae non eosdem modos compositionuin per omnia seruant temporal

per singula separatim fif . Nam cum soleat plerunque" compositio a correptam uel in e correptam uel in i conuertere per quaecunque tempora...'mano^ permano'...'pareo reperio' — ueteres enim et 'pario' ^- l^^a 5 quarta coniugatione declinabanf*... In praeterito uero perfecto et (^- P- ^^®) plusquamperfecto cum simplex uerbum e longam habeat, non potest (^" P' ^^^) compositio eam commotare*, ut 'egi exegi'... Nam non possumus dicere*, quod i breuis, quae est in praesenti tempore, conuertitur in e longam in praeterito...

...'cogens coactus,' 'subigens* subactus,' 'exigens exactus.' Haec P- I58b enim omnia cum in praesenti extremam partem... corniptam habeant^, in praeterito integram habent.

Anomala quoque uerborum id possunt ostendere^, quae sine dubio per singula tempora siue etiam personas componuntur... Idque «5 ita esse confirmat Appollonius^...docens...immobilem figurationis iuncturam manere, et separatim confirmans^ componi to^ ' KaTaypdcfxo' Koi 'KaTiypa<l)ov'...et his similia, quaecunque habent intus® declina- tionem, hoc est post praepositionem . . .

Possumus tamen, quod illi de uerbis intrinsecus^ habentibus (i. p- 440) 2o declinationem dicunt, nos quoque etiam de nominibus huiuscemodi

9. .i. niforcmat din chomsuidigud treanuili aimsera, ut efringo P- 157b efractus 10. .i. etarscartar connabi oin cAomsuidigud 11. .i. '^°^^^'"'^^^ issed andliged dogi'es manifoired causa eupkoniae

1. .i. dolinim 2. ,i. nib'^ machdad lat reperio dobuith for P. 158a 25 quartcobedin cesu c^o?nsuidigthe huandi aspario arcid pario reliqua 3. .i. ar isfrisasechmodachte dotet mcomsuidigud** 4, ar is yHsasecAmadachte® dodechuid iwcomsuidigud*

1. .i. agens dedenach didiu an agens dondi as sub ut subigens • P. 158b 2. .i. incomsuidigud fricach naimsir 3. .i. demnigid appollonius 30 rongab andedese /orbriathra,ih 7 reliqua 4. .i. comsuidigud fricach naimsir 5. .i. himmeddn 6. .i. med andiall nin- medonach laisem infilliud {him)m(e)don innabrethre

9. i.e. they do not keep one compound through all their tenses, ut P. 157 b etc. 10. i.e. they are separated, so that there is not one compound, continued 35 11. i.e. this is always the rule unless the causa eupkoniae should operate.

2. i.e. do not wonder that reperio is of the fourth conjugation p. i58a although it is compounded of pario, for even pario etc. 3. i.e. for it is with the preterite (egi) that the composition occurs. 4. for it is with the preterite that the composition has occurred^.

1. i.e. agens: agens, then, is the last to sub, as subigens. 2. i.e. the P. 158b composition with every tense. 3. i.e. Apollonius affirms that these two are on verbs. 4. i.e. composition with every tense. 5. i.e. in the midst. 6. i.e. this is what he deems the internal declension, the flexion in the midst of the verb.

a: MS. snbigo

b: MS. componit o

c: MS. nimb

d: MS. inchoms^

e: i • MS. is ar isfrisasech"

f: inckoms; with puncta delentia over and under h

g: cf. Sg. 158» 3

[ 166 ]dicere, quod per singulos casus fit compositio eorum... Quod

autem non est nominatiuorum proprium"...

. . .in compositione extremam partem sibi defendit ipsum uerbura*. . .

a Ideo autem praepositiones compositae quidem cum uerbo in- ueniuntur, nunquam autem separatae per appositionem^, quia uerba per omnes personas in omni tempore nominatiui casus uim habent", (I. p. 441) cui soli possunt coniungi. ...sed non possunt participia componi, nisi per nominatiuum casum'... Ergo 'doctificus,' id est 'doctum faciensV in uim nominum transtulit participia...

...'penulatus"...

...a capillo intonso^ 'capillatus'...a cirro" 'cirratus' a pilo (i. p. 442) 'pilatus^'...a dentibus 'dentatus^'...a Cerere 'cerritus"...

Consonantibus in his uerbis, quae ^apvrova^ appellant, hoc est ante finem habentia accentum^... 'Coniugatio' autem nominatur. ..quod una eademque ratione declinationis plurima con- iugantur uerba'...

Per ordinem igitur uocalium locum singulae* optinent apud nos. P. 160b ...aopKTTov, hoc est praeteritum infinitum spatio temporise., (i. pp. 445, Nam 'amaui' 'ire^LXrjKa' koX ' icjitXrjaa^' significat2...plerumque in t5 446) 'pgj' facimus^ praeteritum perfectum

7. .i. ni leo anoinur 8. .i. hi cumscaigthetaid

1. .i. tr^chomaisndis 2. air intan nolabrither incetni persin t intanaisi doadbit ainm hi suidiu • > 3. .i. is airi ni ta^t" com- suidigud yW ra wgabail huare as coibnesta dobrethir ar is lour com^uidigud frisuidi airbid comsuidigud etarscartha comsuidigud 25 1. 5 i. mong rangab^lae 4. .i. huare nad comsuidigther inte feisne casaldae .i. penula 6. .i. imlebor 7. Icidorus^ cirus } gibnoB

1. .i. gaide 2. daintech^ 3. caichen 4. .i fine • 5. .i. awal rongab indosa indrong briatharde tonise in • as • 6. .i. coniugationes .i. ord gutte fit foraib

1. .i. tintiXd inna grece insin 2. .i. confil linni hisind din secAmadachtu afile leosum indib «ecAmadachtib 3. dogniam dm ni bi in ^ersine 30

7. i.e. it does not belong to them alone. 8. i.e. in mobility.

2. for when thou sayest the first person or the second thou shewest 35 a noun herein. 3. i.e. this is why composition does not occur with a participle, because it is akin to a verb : for composition with this is sufficient, for composition of a participle will be separated composition. 4. i.e. since it is not compounded into itself. 6. i.e. very long.

4. i.e. it is not in the end. 5. i.e. as for example now the verbal 40 group of the second person in -as. 6. conjugations i.e. (it is) the order of the vowels (a e i) which is in them.

1. i.e. that is the interpretation of the Greek. 2. i.e. so that we have in the one preterite what they have in two preterites. 3. we indeed make. 45

a: MS. BApflTONA

b: irc^iSe km Te<f>iav<ra

c: cf. Sg. 158»3, 4

d: unde et cirri uocantur quod etiam iidem Graeci fiaWbv uocant, Etymol. Lib. XI. 1, 30

e: cf. dainthech (gl. rastros) Philarg. at Eel. iv. 40 (Bibl, Nationale, MS. lat. 11, 308, fo. 23"), and dantmir Lawa iv. 176, 4

[ 167 ]...de personis quod non omni uerbo^..adhaerent... P. I6la

. . .'meatim," tuatira '; quamuis enim" a singular! pronomine deriuantur, O- PP- '**7, indeferenter tain singulari quam plurali numero uerborum coniun- ' guntur... Nomen tameu et participium in omni casu tertiae sunt 5 person ae' absque uocatiuo...

Sunt igitur personae uerborum tres. ...tertia, de qua extra se* et illam, ad quam derigit sermonem, posita loquitur prima, ut 'dicit dicunt.' Et prima quidem et secunda uerborum personae p. leib finitae sunt, praeseutes enim demonstrantur^ , . ...tertia^ uero lo etiam nominibus, quae per se tertiae personae sunt^...

In imperatiuis prima persona singularis non potest esse, quod (i. p. 449) naturaliter imperans ab eo, cui iraperat, diuiditur^ Itaque quae Latini in plurali numero imperatiua primae personae accipiunt, haec Graeci vnoOeTiKa uocant, id est suppositiua® sine hortatiua*. Dicunt 15 enim, quod superior debet ostendi' qui imperat eo cui imperat, hie autem suam quoque coniungens personam^ similem se sociumque in hac ipsa re, de qua imperat, ostendit futurum illis quibus imperat, ut 'pugnemus,' 'legamus,' quasi ad socios uidetur hoc modo uti^ Itaque" melius illis uisum est hanc personam numeri pluralis

1. .i. ni do each brethir teeming persona ut impersoMa^m 7 p. leia in^mtiui 7 gerundia 2. .i. is airi asbiur nitechtat arim 3. .i. in immognom 4. .i. cen intertpersin ni hi ade hifrecndairc

1. .i. tres innimmocaldaim^ frecndskirc 2. .i. in immognom P. 161b tlfrie 3. .i. aisndeis eciidairc indib huilib 4. .i. issain inti forcongair^ 7 inti forsaforcongara,T 5. airindi fondasuidigedar hicummato'^ lasinni forsaforgair sech ba huaisliu inti forchongair iamaicniud • • 6. .i. ni forgave amaX sodain acht is nertad 7. .i. mad iamaicniud 8. .i. noch ni ed on bis hiforg^vm 30 9. ,i. ni arddu feisin quam ac^oc^le 10. .i. dindi atacomla 7 nud soiriu each

1. i.e. not to every verb does a person happen, as impersonals and P. 161a infinitives and gerunds. 2, i.e. therefore I say they have no number. 3. i.e. in construction. 4. i.e. without the third person ; it is not 35 present.

1. i.e. through the present mutual colloquy. 2. i.e. in construe- P- 161b tion with it. 3. i.e. expression of the absent*^ in them all. 4. i.e. difierent is he that orders and he that is ordered. 5. because it {supponit) puts itself on an equality with him whom it orders, though he 40 that orders were naturally the superior. 6. i.e. it is not a command then, but it is an exhortation. 7. i.e. if it be according to nature. 8. i.e. but it is not this that is in a command. 9. i.e. he himself is not higher than his comrade. 10. i.e. since it joins itself and is not nobler than anyone (else).

a: the letter next before d is somewhat doubtful. AscoU and Thurneyseu read it fts c

b: recte forchongair

c: leg. hinimmat, cf. Ir. Texte in. 263, LL. 69»' 14

d: Ut. an absent declaration

[ 168 ]separare ab imperatiuis. Sciendum tamen, quod frequentissime iste

modus pro optatiuo ponitur uel deprecatiuo, ut:

Mussa, mihi causas* memora", quo numine laeso,

Ergo si ad deos...imperatiuo utiraur modo^^ cur non etiam ad socios. . .quamuis maiores nobis. . .hoc modo. . .utamur ? 5

At tuba terribili sonitu taratantara^ dixit...

(i. p. 450) ...ut^ etiam apud Graecos ai^e 6(f)daX/x6<;^, eKXaj^av 8' ap"" oiaroL

'Pluit' et 'tonat' et 'fulminat'...proprie quidem ad tertiam dicuntur personam, possunt tamen etiam in prima inueniri persona et secunda per poetarum TrpocrcoTroTrotla?^', id est conformationes, uel xo per responsa dei et per apostrophas^, quasi ad ipsum louem praesentem®...

...'ipsi' uero et 'isti' et 'illi' datiui singulares et nominatiui plurales — , in uerbo nunquam hoc inuenitur apud Latinos*, quamuis apud Graecos in multis, ut ervTrrov^ tam singulare est primae 15 personae quam phirale tertiae praeteriti imperfecti...

Earum ergo ahae in principio mouentur", ut...'mei tui sui'...in genera uero et in numeros et in casus transeuntia finem mouent...

11. .i. abamin fornaidminte^ ar ni reid aforgskxe isindea^ 12. .i. ni meite hid machdad^ forga,re form huare rhbis forgave 20 fordeib reliqua

1. .i. nomen de sono factum 7 niairecar naail do sed hoc tantum 2. .i. d*CMn^Mr .i. ad tertiam haec ue7'ba graeca as6eir sis 3. .i. intan labratar indfilid apersin innafidea dogniat primam 7 secundam in illis 4. .i. intan} dombeir indea aithesc trechomthoud talmaidech 25 5. .i. tonas aiddil - 6. .i. briathar^ do foirnded persin deirb bed choitchen iter huatha,d 7 hilsir 7. .i. tantum A. absce genere .i. nicumscichther dead nindib • nisi principium •

11. would that thou wouldst call to mind^: for in the case of a god it is not easy to command him. 12. i.e. not so very wonderful 30 would be command to them since there is command to gods, etc.

1. i.e. a noun made from the sound, and naught else is found to it, but only this. 2. i.e. these Greek verbs which he mentions below belong to the third. 3. i.e. when the poets speak in the person of the gods they make a first and a second in them. 4. i.e. when the god 35 gives an answer by a sudden apostrophe™. 5. i.e. tonas, O idol. 6. i.e. a verb to signify a certain person that is common both in singular and plural. 7. the end is not changed in them, nisi principium.

a: om. MS.

b: MS. o<f>€adafjios

c: MS. KOLay^av dapa,

d: MS. irpoffuiTroiroieias

e: MS. et evirTov

f: for-n-aith-mente

g: dea for dia, as in Sg. 53» 14, 60« 4, 66^ 24, 162« 3, 4

h: machdad seems out of place; the sense is complete without it: 'it is not much that it should be command etc' Perhaps machdad is an alternative to mSite. For m€ite see Vol. i. p. 549, n. e., J.S.

i: MS. intar domV

k: of. Sg. 207'» 14

l: MS. hreth"

m: Cf. Ml. 20*16, 53«: 14

[ 169 ]ut 'ille ilia illud^',..necnon etiam participia, quibus omnia fere P. I62b

accidunt tam nominibus quam. uerbis accidentia'^...

Praeteritura perfectum tres habet raotus...in principio et in(i-P-453) medio et in fine: 'caedo cicidiV 'cado cecidi'...

EXcipiuntnr 'fero,' 'uolo,' 'edo^' quae inaequalem habent decli- P. I63a nationem ... (i- p. 454)

...'nostras* ultima circumflexa quando est norainatiuus singularis ad differentiam pluralis accusatiui^

...'BiSw^ do^'...'7roy?*'.pos pes*.' Secunda autem per con- P. 163b lo cisionem i^ profertur tertiae personae singulari addita 'is'... (i. p. 455) Aliam quoque quidam rationem de hoc^ conati sunt reddere dicentes, (^- P- 456) quod imperatiuus modus necessitatem significat, uoluntas autera libera debet esse; itaque hoc uerbum, quod* carere debet necessitate, caret imperatiuo. Licet* tamen et subiunctiuo...uti pro impera- 15 tiuo', id est 'uelis/ 'fac uelis.' In prima enim et tertia persona omnium uerborum imperatiuus praesens similis est subiunctiuo^

Et praesentis quidem... causa est corruptionis secunda persona" indicatiui^.. Et 'uolim' tamen pro 'uelim' proferebant*.

...per sinarisin"*' e et i in 'ei' diphthongum coacta... Huic

1. .1. is din huatinscanat ni din hifoircniter • 2. .i. ha P. I62b immaircide cenobed indi incumscugud bis hicechtar dalino ar iscobnesta friu diblinaib • 3. .i. Conoscaigter atnur .i. is cumscugud lesom cid atormag •

1. .i. fobith ndd comtkoet -o in -is- 2. ondi as nostra p. 163 a 25 3. .i. dobiur 4. .i. 6 m e ondeni p^s

1. n-iuolitis 2. .i. iure .i. biiithe cen forngaHhid dondi as P. I63b uolo 3. ol 4. is dilniin 5. .i. indi as uolo 6. is immaircide cerube subiunctiwits pro imperatiuo (uia est cosmilius etarru hicUni persin tVair 7 hitertpersin hiter othsid 7 ilax hicach 30 coi6edin 7. uare as n drudlnide 8. roboi do insin 9. .i. treaccomol

1. i.e. it is with the same (letter) they begin, not the same wherein P. 162b they are ended. 2. i.e. it were meet that in it (the termination of participles) should be the change (lit. movement) which is in each of the 35 two, for it is akin to them both. 3. i.e. the three of them are changed (lit. moved), i.e. he considers even their increase a change.

1. i.e. because they do not convert o into is. 2. from nostra. P. 163a 4. i.e. o into e, so that it makes pes.

1. it is not volitis. 4. i.e. of void's, being without an imperative, p. I63b 40 4. it is permissible. 5. i.e. of volo. 6. it is meet that there should be the subjunctive for the imperative, because there is a likeness between them in the first person plural and in the third person, both singular and plural, in every conjugation. 7, because it is corrupt. 8. that it {volo) had.

a: MS. 5u«w

b: MS. xots

c: leg. corruptionis cormptio secundae personae, Hertz

d: leg. synaeresim

[ 170 ]opponitur*^": *cur ergo in prima persona, cum similis asset dubitatio,

hoc non est factum V Si enim 'eo' diceretur pro *edo,' nulla esset, non dico scripturae^ sed nee temporis differentia inter 'eo is' et 'eo' quod pro 'edo' poneretur^

. , anomalorum ratio coegit pluribus uti per medium^ uerbis... 5

...exceptis duobus : 'iuuo iuui,' 'lauo laui^' Et notandum est in omnibus uerbis disyllabis*, quibus interposita est consonans, quod, si pares sint in praeterito et in praesenti syllabae, paenultima... producitur...

Et in prima quidem coniugatione immobile principium manet^ lo in supra dicto tempore...

Nam 'absonus/ 'abstinens' et similia non in principio eadem {.i. in} syllaba" habent coniunctas b et s, cum praepositio separatim est syllaba accipieuda^

L manet per se*, ut *oleo olui'... i5

Sunt igitur formae generates praeteriti perfecti octo^: in 'vi' syllabam, 'ii,' 'ui' diuisas, 'si,' 'xi' et i antecedente consonante, quae in praesenti tempore ante o uel 'eo' uel 'io' inuenitur, et quae in principio geminat consonantem^ et quae in fine.

In 'ii' uero tertiae et quartae, quae in 'iui' desinentia intercepta 20 u consonante' corripiunt i peneultimam : 'cupiui cupii'...

10. .i. doherr dondligudso ifrithcheist .i. cur non fuit dechor inter primas persowas

1. .i. niedamdt 2. armedon

1. ar is coTYilunn in his 2. isnaib hi himbi oson ren

1. .i. aicned bis isinchetm persin in praesenit" is ed bis praeterito

1. .i. arciabeid • b hisuidib non in una syMaba atd • b • 7 s • 2. .i. is syllah foleith mrer?i,si«'digud 3. .i. sifeisine 7 ni bi ni tarahesi ar is feidligud disi diambe son 30

1. .i. oct ndelbce^ 7 oct ngnd cenMcha andsoui ■ setarmmorcenn^ immurgn reliqua 2. .i. ailigid gnei 7 ni hilaigedar tairm- moircniu anisiv 3. aetargabdl as ondbe and

10. (the question) is put to this law in opposition, i.e. why was there continued no difference between the first persons. 35

1. i.e. not only.

1. for in these (preterites) it is equals 2. in those (verbs) in which there is a consonant before o (in the pres. indie, act.).

1. i.e. the nature that is in the first person in the present 'ti.s this that is in the preterite, (marg. inf.) it is dark for me. 40

1. i.e. for although b be (as it is) in them, h and s are not in one syllable. 2. i.e. the preposition is a syllable apart. 3. i.e. it itself, and there is nothing in place of it, for it is permanence to it if that be.

1. i.e. eight paradigms and eight general forms in it : six termina- tions, however, etc. 2. i.e. this (kind of preterite) changes the form 45 and does not multiply the terminations. 3. the interception of it {v) from it {-ivi), so that it may not be there.

a: MS. apponitur

b: MS. ponetur

c: leg. in principio syllabae, Hertz

d: recta delba

e: nom. pi. neut. ; the word is both masc. and neut., of. Sg. 63" 3, 111» 3

f: cf. Sg. 48"5

[ 171 ]I habent post consonantem ante* o uel 'eo' uel 'io' praesentis

temporis'.,.

...in tertia uero hoc idem obseruatur^ in iis omnibus quae n on P. 167a • habent uocalem ante o, ut...'succino^ suecinui,' quod in secunda uel (i. p- 465) 5 quarta eoniugatione non potest inueuiri^ cum liaec i, ilia e semper habent ante o finalem. Nee mirum, cum solum hoc [sc. pono, posui] in 'no' dissinens et n in s mutauit* in praeterito et in 'ui' diiiisas* terminauit... In Graecis autem dictionibus sepe hoc' (i- p. 466) inuenitur: 'Menelaus,' 'spondeus'..

Et sciendum quod in his quoque' in 'eo' uel in 'io' desinentia P- I67b uerba una syllaba minuuntur in praeterito, ut 'sedeo, sedi'... (^- P- ^^'^)

...nunc separatim per singulas coniugationes de uariis eiusdem P- I68a temporis [sc. praeteriti perfecti] speciebus, cuius dificillima est (i- P- 468) tractatio omnium uerbi quaestionum^ disserere conemur.

Excipiuntur haec, quae in 'ui' diuisas faciunt praeteritum sub- tracta a^: 'domo domas domui'... Quod maxime ex compositis (i- P- 469) dinoscitur^.

Nam a 'circundo' 'circundas' facis, quia 'circum' et disyllabum P. I68b est et magis aduerbium 'Da' enim ubique ante finem corripitur^ (i- P- 471) 2o in hoc uerbo simplici, ut 'dS,turus, datum, ditu, dStor.' P- 169 a

4. .i. iarsin chonsin his suite 5. .i. inchonson^ ante • o • P- 166 a ,. ..,i .7- • / 1 r ■ ,-. continued rehqua isindjrecnaairc issi bis m praeterito

1. .i. imdugud una %ylaha 2. foacanim 3. forhart P. 167a secha/recndairc 4. .i. cid armad machdad anisin ol atd lee dano 25 aji ingnad so 5. airdiden gutce renalali

1. .i. forcomat osoin mdyrecndairc an^e • i • in praeterito p. i67b

1. .i. issed asdoirbeni de uerbo airli^ sechmadachti foirbthi p. i68a 2. asindsechmadsichtu riagoldu 3. .i. indagne forsinsech- madachtu iniia brethre diuite^

1. .i. isairi iscetna co6edne circundo p. lesb

1. acht^ rop reforciunn robbe da 7 nip he som bes forcenn is p. 169 a timmorte acht asringba oin syllsiih

4. i.e. after the consonant which is before (o etc.). 5. i.e. the p. I66a consonant before o etc. in the present, is that which is in the preterite. continued

1. i.e. redundance by one syllable. 3. increase beyond the p. i67a present. 4. i.e. why should that (the change of u to s) be wondered at since it has this marvel (the ending in w-i) 1 5. the lengthening of one vowel before another.

1. i.e. they keep the consonant of the present before i in the P. 167b 40 preterite.

1. i.e. this is the most difficult (part) of the verb, the treatment (?) of p. I68a the perfect preterite. 2. from the regular preterite. 3. i.e. the two forms of (lit. on) the preterite of the simple verb.

1. i.e, therefore circumdo belongs to the first conjugation. P. 168b

1. provided the da- (of dare, datus) be before the end, and it be not P. 169 a the end, it is shortened, provided it exceeds one syllable.

a: MS. disas

b: the h is expressed by an aspiration-mark over c

c: MS. hinfrec, with a punctum delens under h and d written over /

d: cf. Wb. 31« 7

e: gen. sg. fern, of the adjectival i-stem diuit

[ 172 ]'Mico' quoque 'micui mictum' debet facere. Sed dubitationis

causa^, quia 'mingo' quoque 'mictum' facit, in usu non inuenitur...

Virgilius . . in georgicon IIII^:

Quoque modo potis gauderent intiba^ fibris.

Cato in V Originum" : 'illi polliciti sese facturum omnia/ per 5 ellipsin^ 'esse' pro 'factum ire'...

. . si minuat praesentis syllabas praeteritum, necessario producit (i. p. 477) paenultimam.,.nisi sinacopam" patiatur ut ' cieo ciui/ et per syncopam 'cii'...

'Coniueo^'... Caluus 'coniuere^' infinitum secundum tertiam 10 (^- PP- ^'^^' coniugationem correpta paenultima protulit.

...propter 'latum catum^ fatum*^'...

...'ausim^' .. pro subiunctiuo 'audeam' , . inuenimus.

Rarissime tamen ab omnibus neutris secundae coniugationis, P. 171b quae in 'ui' diuisas faciunt praeteritum, inuenio uel huiuscemodi 15 (i. p. 483) sopinum'^ uel participium futuri... 'Si qua tamen inueniantur, i breuem ante 'tum' habent.

'Senesco^' enim inchoatiuum est. sicut et 'iuratus' tam (i. pp. 484, actiue quam pasiue^ profertur.

Iuuenalis in 1 : 20

et rubra deterges uulnera mappa^

'Mulgeo' quoque 'mulsi' facit, quamuis differentiae causa 'mulxi' quidam protulerunt, quia 'mulceo' quoque 'mulsi' faxjit. Sed Virgilius in III georgicon* :

Quod surgente die raulsere horisque diumis, 25

Nocte premunt.

2. arnaroib dubitatio

1. .i. in hairr thalma,n • 2. .i. tre erchra indi as • esse •

1. quia corripitit?' hi suidiu

1. fortiag 2. ondi asconiueo 30

1. catus .i. agree .1. ingeniosus

1. .i. rolldmar 2. .i. ni gndd gerind in tum reliqtia nachaili

1. huandi as seneo 2. .i. isindranvgahail adrodarcar an dedesin .i. gnim 7 c4sad quia fuit iuror apwc? antiqwos ut in an^e 35 dicit in participio 3. mantile [marg. 1.] lamhrat his targlii;ne 4. fobith noenaigedar acialla archinn

2. that there may not be doubt (as to the meaning of mictum).

1. i.e. the endives (?) 2. i.e. through ellipsis of esse.

1. because in it (the penult) is shortened. 40

2. from coniveo.

1. catus i.e. its Greek.

2. i.e. not usual is the gerund in -turn,, etc. 3. i.e. any others.

1. from seneo. 2. i.e. 'tis in the participle (iuratus) that these two things, i.e. active and passive, can be seen, because with the ancients there 45 was iuror, as he, Priscian, says below in dealing with the participle. 3. a napkin that is over the knees. 4. because he unites their meanings below.

a: MS. I

b: MS. de origenum

c: leg. syncopam

d: MS. "fatum' catum

[ 173 ]'Torsi' quoque et 'torsum' et 'tortum' facit, itaque 'tortores' et P- 172b

'torsores' dicuntur^ (i- P- ^87)

...'redoleo*'... 'Obsoleo^' 'soleo,' quod 'solitus sum' uel P- I73a 'solui' secundum Sallustium facit perfectum, qui in II historiarum (^- PP- 488, 5 ponit : 'neque subsidiis, uti soluerat, compositis*'...'ceno*'... ' Plautus : ^" P- ^^'

Domi* reliqui exoletam' uirginem,

id est, grandem, quae exoleuerat. ' Aboleo'...et 'abolui' et 'aboleui' facit praeteritum, unde et 'aboletum' et 'aholitum' et lo 'abolitio*" dicitur®. A 'deleo'...'deletum,' a 'delino^ delitum' nascitur*... ...letum^...

...'polluceo^ poUuxi.' P. I73b

Supine*' in 'ui' quidem diuisas facientia praeteritum** neutra (^- P- ^91) deficiunt...ut 'canui'... Nam a 'carui^' uel 'caritum' uel 'cassum' ^^- P- *^*^) 15 uidetur posse dici 'censui' ..'censumVquiain simplicidictione n antecedente s et t sine r sequi non possunt*. ...a'scripsi scriptum*' et 'nupsi nuptum,' quorum neutrum adhuc in usu non inueni®.

Artis Prisciani uiri eloquentissimi grammatici Caesariensis P. 174a doctoris urbis Romae Constantinopolitanae^ liber VIII. explicit. (i- p- 493) 20 ...'mingo^'... (i. p. 495)

1. .1. fobith rongab torsur» 7 tortum arecar dano torsor 7 tortor p. 172b nomtni* •

1. forbiur 2. sercim 3. arsolui hoc exemplum P. 173 a 4. aslennim} 5. forbartaig 6. .i. meincichthech^ 25 7, fosligim 8. .i. dothaidbsiu^ dechuir inso inter delitum 7 deletum 9. bds

1, dolinim 2. .i. is airi nithabur^ duit 6n 3. ni P. I73b censtum 4. cotecat immurgu diambe • r • ut monstrans 5. analo^rm c?owsorptum 6. .i. ni airecar nectar de

1. .i. indrom fil M cowstowtinopoil ar rohucad airechas innaromce P. 174a CO constantinopoil rucad rfano aainmui ■ - 2. munigim^

1. i.e. because there is torsum and tortum, there is also found torsor P. 172 b and tortor as a noun.

3. this example is for solui. 8. i.e. this is to shew the difference P. 173a 35 between delitum and deletum.

2. i.e. 'tis therefore I do not put it for thee. 3. it is not censtum. P. 173b 4. they (s, t) can do it, however, if there be r, as monstrans. 5. by analogy of sorptuvi. 6. i.e. neither of the two is found.

1. The Rome which is in Constantinople. Because the empire of P. 174a 40 Rome was brought to Constantinople, its name has been brought also,

a: om. MS.

b: MS. abolito

c: MS. sopina

d: om. MS.

e: for the construction cf. p. 84 note i

f: cf. asrollennad Ml. 124'» 17 ; but aslenaimm Sg. 54» 8, cf. 17* 1

g: formed from mencigur from menicc

h: MS. dothaibsiu

i: Here the 'aspiration' of t after ni points to an infixed neuter pronoun of the third sg. So in Sg. 179» 4, 207» 2, nithabur Sg. 179*2, 215» 8, 218» 8, nithechta Sg. 195" 4, ni choimnactar Ml. 19« 5. Otherwise where there is no such pronoun: nitabur Sg. 19" 2, nitechta Sg. 41" 3, nlcumcat Sg. 220» 7, nifndlat Sg. 197» 21

k: a denominative from mun 'urine,' cognate with Skr. mutra

[ 174 ]Sopinum uero ab eo [scil. inquio] non inueni nee quoque*

(i. p. 496) Solent ab eo nasci^

In 'gio' similiter^ producta antepaenultima et ablata o extrema (i p. 498) faciunt praeteritum perfectum...

..'linguo^ linxi'... 5

Excipitur 'rutum' uel 'ruitum/ quod^ u corripuit uel quod i P 176b seruauit. Et uidetur hoc per syncopam i uocalis in praeterito prolatum, 'erutus' pro 'eruitus,' ideoque tempus perfect! simplicis, quod habuit u ante i, seruasse^ ...'metutum uel metuitum' et 'plutum' a 'pluui/ uelut 'adiutum' ab 'adiuui^' debent facere, sed lo ea in usu non inueni.

...nunquam enim b ante s in principio syllabae potest inueniri, (i. p. 506) ut 'Pseudolus^' 'ipseV

...'dispisco^ dispiscui'...

...secundum rectam uero proportionem debent eorum quoque 15 p J g perfecta ab 'ascio' et 'descio^' esse. Sallustius tamen secundum / " gj^j^ analogiam : 'neque ex proelio inermes uiros quemquam agnotorumV Pacuuius*^ secundum utrumque^ protulit:

In turba Oresti cognita agn5ta est soror.

'Iuro' quoque 'iuratus' tam in actiua quam in passiua inuenitur 20 (i. p. 512) significatione Et haec quidem etiam iunioribus in usu manserunt, ilia uero obsoleuerunt^.. Sed eorum usus in libro, qui scriptus^'* est a nobis de participio, inuenies.

1. medi^aima irequentatiua -p&rticipia

1. /Wfodio oacomsMidigthib 25

1. Hgim^

1. ol 2. .i. angair roboi ^truitus fortchomi hi • rutus • ui • in ' tum in his c^ano

1. .i. ami si fit in his

1. .i. dechrigim 3°

1. .i. composita ondi as ■ scio 2. .i. riagol arside 3. .i. iarndligud^ arside iarsindligud dano fil hindiu •

1. .i. ciall chesto 7 gnimo and 2. .i. roseircset .i. nisfll hodie 3, 4. .i. scribend menmman .i. robbdi fora inndsliuchtsom

1. to /odio with its compounds. 35

1. i.e. the short which was in ruitus, is preserved in rutus. 3. ui in tum in these also,

1. i.e. for it (6) is not in these.

1. i.e. compounds from scio. 2, i.e. a rule of the ancients. 3. i e. according to a rule of the ancients and also according to the rule which exists to-day.

1. i.e. the meaning of the passive and the active in it. 2. i.e. they have become obsolete, i.e. they are not to-day. 3, 4. i.e. an intended writing, i.e. it had been in his mind.

a: leg. quae

b: MS. psedulus

c: MS. paucobias

d: Das Langezeichen ist zweifelhaft, Windisch; there is a short stroke over g, Thurneysen

e: MS. iardligud

[ 175 ]...'emungor' emunctus'.,. Gracchus pro se: 'Si nanciam^ populi P. 179a

desiderium, comprobabo^ reipublicae commoda? nam ab eo quod (i. pp-513, est'deficio"defectus'fit"participium praeteriti^ ...in'tum' tamen, ' non in 'ctum* faciunt supinura : 'commiriiscor commentum^'.., 5 Nam a 'reminiscor' supinura uel participium praeteriti uel futuri in usu non inueni*...

Inuenitur tamen etiam 'claudeo/ sed et 'claudo' pro 'claudico".'

'Excudit®' enim tam praesens quam praeteritum potest intellegi, (i- P- 515) sed quia 'suscepit' subiunxit, melius praeteritum intellegitur.

Et uidentur hi rationabilius protulisse, ne minorum sit temporum P. I79b praeteritum quam praesens ^ Caetera uero seruant n, ut 'pando (i- P- 517) pandi^'... 'Cado' quoque 'cecidi' facit, ne, si 'cadi' dicamus, nomen P. I80a esse putetur Virgilius autem ab eo, quod est 'adedor,' 'adessum' (^- P- 518) protulit in Villi : P- l^Ob (i. p. 520)

et postibus haesit adessis^^

Naeuius : (i- p- 522)

Tibi serui multi apud mensam astant, ille ipse astat, quando Sdit.

Non potest enim in hoc iambo paenultima syllaba longa esse, ut intelligatur praeteritum'^, ne sit scaton". Plautus^ in lipargo:

Nihil moror mihi fucum in alueo^, apibus qui perSdit cibum, corripitur enim paenultima.

5. .i. noraglantar p 178 b

1. tn mesorsa 2. isairi ni thabur son 3. tractad continued 4. ni thabur dit^ 6n 5. ar is gndthiu s6n 6. .i. ar ata p. 179a 25 secAmadachte nail and ideo praeteritum est ani as cudit

1. ar nab laigiu inaimserad praeteritum quam praeseus 2. .i. P. I79b cenmitha innahi thechtaite • u • t • i • an^e • n •

1. indtelchubi quia cadum fit P. isoa

1. eisib i loiscdib 2. .i. co asagnoither nand secAmadachte P. I80b 30 .i. huare as timmorte 3. .i. duo nomina^ unius uiri quod non bonum [in marg., without reference to text] i scaton .i. grec indi as (claudus) .i. do s..

1. shall I judge? 2. 'tis therefore I do not give it. 3. a P. 179a commentary. 4. I give not this to thee. 5. for this is more .^5 usual. 6. i.e. because there is another preterite there, therefore cudit is preterite.

1. that in marking temporality the preterite may not be less than the P. present. 2. i.e. except those that have w or i before n (e.g. tundo, findo).

1. of the cask, quia etc. p. 180 a

1. consumed or burnt. 2. i.e. so that it may be understood that p. I80b it is not a preterite, i.e. because it is short. 3. ie. the Greek of clatultLs.

a: om. MS.

b: Verg. Aen, ix. 537

c: leg. scazon

d: MS. albo

e: =deit or duit, cf. Sg. 173" 2

f: Scaton and Plautus

[ 176 ]Nam 'porrigo' et 'corrigo' et 'arrigo^' e in i conuertentia

(i. p. 623) aptissime seruant secundum proportionera simplicis declinationem.

Excipiuntur ex hoc composita-: 'negligo neglexi'... Sed (i. p. 524) antiqui ' pago^' quoque dicebant pro 'paciscor.' Varro in I humanarum : 'ut habent Parii . . ut quorum ophiogenistum"* arbi- 5 trantur subpositum esse in stirpe aliquem, si ammoueant", utpungat, colubra*'^; cum pupugerit, si de genere sit, uiuere*^, si non sit, mori/

Cum ei, qui nos pupugit, talionem®, id est uicem a nobis redditam ostendimus, 'repupugi*"' dicimus, quando uero de rationed P. 181b uel kalendario* loquimur, 'repunxi^"' dicimus. Ab 'ago' et 'frango' lo et 'lego' composita seruant simplicium praeteritum, ut ' exigo exegi'...'relego relegi/ quod differentiae causa^ non motauit 'le' in (i. p. 525) 'li'... ...'ringo^ rictum.' 'Ango^'...

...etsi non* seruant ubiqne eandem uocalem... ...'excello' uel P. 182a 'excelleo exculi' uel, ut alii, 'excellui/ quorum simplex in usu non rs (i. p. 527) est ...'excello, excelles'... Ex quo^ debet 'exculi' quoque esse praeteritum perfectum, sicuti 'percello perculi.'

A 'toUo' quoque defecit supinum, sed pro eo utimur 'sublatum^'

Sed Probus 'occini' quoque existimat posse dici, cum simplex (I. p. 629) 'cano cecini' faciat^.. ...'cerno^ creui.' Non solum enim 20

1. nifil rdthugud^ forsuidib 2. ni in gi/oidit asecAmadachte 3. ,i. comhad hosuidiu m?-um pepigi 4. t origenistum .i. hunadgein^ 5. ,i. mamlid atadaimet cia chrechtnigthi nathir mani eple de • 6. .i. innimthdnad .i. digal ind ancridi dogni nech frit 7. .i. adrogegonsa 8. De ratione .i. intan as conguin 35 dligid kuadligud ailiu sechih ed dliged s6n .i. forbrisiud dligid hua- dligud ailiu • i de kalendario .i. dliged rimce oc airli kal • reliqua 9. .i. dechaldigud • ut in horologio fit • 10. .i. adrothoirndius^ non repugi

1. frisa religo fil huandi as ligo oriug 2. gloidixn 30 3. doimvaurc 4. cenid

1. -i- tiihi cello t celleo 2. ondi as excello 3. ani^

1. .i. is imuiaircide fosodin 2. .i. cerno do/uismim

1. there is no guarantee (?) for these. 2. it is in -gi that they end (lit. send off) their preterite. 3. i.e. from this would be then pepigi. 5. i.a 35 thus they recognise them if a snake wounds him, if he dies not of it. 6. i.e. vengeance for the wrong that anyone does to thee. 8. De ratione i.e. when it is the violation (Hit. wounding) of a reckoning by another reckoning, whatsoever this reckoning is, i.e. the infraction of a reckoning by another reckoning. Or de kalendario i.e. the law of 40 calculating in settling (?)" the calends. 9. i.e. of keeping the calendar.

1. from religo, which is from ligo 'I tie together.' 4. though they do not (keep).

1. i.e. cello or celleo does not exist. 2. from excello.

1. i.e. it is fitting according to this. 45

a: recte ophiogenis cum

b: si ammoueant : leg. ei admouent

c: leg. colubram

d: MS. uiuimus

e: MS. repugi

f: cf. nirbo rom a rdthugud, LB. 29* 19, rhyming with bldthugud

g: as though origenistum contained origo ^ MS. adro thoirdius

h: in full aid as sublatum 'the word suhlatum' ^ cf. Sg. 168* 1

[ 177 ]TO ' Koa-KLVL^wv'^ Kpivo)' sic facit praeteritum, seel etiam cum pro

'uideo' accipitur^ ...'lino leui"... Terentius in heautonti- P. I83a morumeno^:

Releui"' dolia omnia, omnes serias.

Virgilins...in X ab 'obeor^': (i. p. 530)

Morte obita qualis fama est uolitare figuras,

...'sarpo*' 'sarpsi'... P. I83b

...'sero seras/ a sera obdita- natum', 'seraui' facit. (i. p. 532) 'Seui' uero secundum analogiam 'setum' debuit facere, sed 10 differentiae causa ueteres 'Setum' pro 'Zethum^' dicentes hoc P- I84a 'satum' proferre tradiderunt. (^- P- ^^^)

...argentum mutuum arcessiuit^-. similiter 'quaeso quaesi/ (i. p. 535) Probus tamen 'quaesiui' dicit, et melius, quamuis primitiuum quo- p. i84b que eius, id est 'quaero,' 'quaesiui' facit praeteritum . . .'facessierisV

...pistor^.. (i. p. 536)

...'sterto* stertui'... _ P. 185 a

3. .i. nihed a met as ned asecAmadachte creui intan mbis pro P. 182 b cresco acht ised intain mbis pro uideo continued

1. fosligim, 2. arnifil 7iifrisamhed andechor isairi isreleui p. i83a ^o dogni is • i • his and • 3. .i. fritumthiagar

1. failligim 2. .i. huanglas fritobarthu diamir 3. Jl/ail p. 183 b ^aimrid dicit A sera ohdita .i. ondfescur maull t fritobarthu do- thaidbsin inna inne fil isind • sera doberr a/iobdita .i. dond fy-itobairt maill fAtataibret nadorche donsoilsi is disin asberr sera • mall i • -

1. blid dano sethvs^ p?*o zethos 2. dorrochuirestar^ . p. i84a

1. is ferr bidoin secAmadachte leu archuit^ sidi 2. uandi p. I84b <75*'facisii t ui amal ^odin 3. fer demna bairgine tuarcain do- fuaircitis inna grdn la arsidi resiu arista brao •

1. .i. srennim P. 185 a

3. i.e. not only is crevi the preterite when it is for cresco, but also P. 182b when it is for video. continued

2. since there is nothing with which the diflference may be (i.e. from P. 183a which it should be distinguished), therefore it makes relevi. Or it is i that is in it (relivi).

2. i.e. from the opposed (obdita) or hidden {obdita) bolt. 3. Mail P. 183b Gaimrid says A sera ohdita, i.e. from the evening slow or opposed. To shew forth the meaning which is in sera, the ohdita is put. From the slow opposition with which the darkness opposes itself to the light 'tis henc" that sera 'slow' is said.

1. i.e. Sethus then is for Zethos. ^* 184 a

1. so far as regards this it is better that they should have (only) one P- 184b preterite (qtiaesi). 2. irova Jucisii, or Jacissivi in that case. 3. a maker of bread. The grains used to be crushed by pounding by the ancients before a quern was invented.

a: MS. KOffKiyeifov

b: MS. heatontimorumenon

c: MS. releui

d: MS. c r V r arcessiait

e: MS. sethos

f: MS. dorochnitrstar

g: leg. ara chuit

h: the « written over the line

[ 178 ]..,'fulcio fulsi,' quod et Probo placet, quamuis alii differentiae

(i. p. 539) causa 'fulxi' posuerunt^

...subtracta u consonante et correpta paenultima i licet*'^ pro- ferre, ut 'scio, seis, sciui/ uel 'scii'... ...'suffio' suffiui' uel 'suffii/ quod quamuis a neutropassiuo^' •' componatur, tamen, quia significa- 5 tionem** mutauit, rautauit etiam declination em. Vnde Virgilius in III I Georgicon :

Aut suffire" thimo coerasque recidere inanes

'Cambio^' afxei^w^... Et est notandum in hoc uerbo, quod (i. pp. 541, pares habent syllabas tres personae, 'aio Sis ait,' quod in alio huius 10 ^^'^^ coniugationis uerbo non inuenies, et quod peneultima primae solius personae producitur^. ..unde tertia quoque pluralis .. similiter"' i con- sonantem habeus producit paenultimam.

...'sartores^' et 'fartores^'.., Excipiuntur in 'eo' disinentia^..

Ideo autem diximus disyllaba in 'vi' desinentia secundae uel 15 (I. p. 545) tertiae coniugationis in sopinis uel participiis praeteriti corripere P. 187a paenultimam, quia, siue desyllaba sint quartae, producunt, ut 'scio scitus,' siue ultra duas syllabas alterius quoque coniugationis' pro- ducitur...nisi sint'^ a desyllabis^ composita, ut 'insitus,' 'incitusV 'illitusV 20

'Sallio^ sallitum' facit, 'sallo salsum**'... ...'ambitus ambita P. 187b ambitum/ in nomine autem siue uocabulo reiS differentiae causa in

1. .i. combed dechor etev secAmadachte ani as^ fulgeo 7 fulcio 2. isdilmin 3. .i. fotimmdiriut 4,5. .i. arto. fio factus sum dogeni ^7^'ms suffio [between the columns] suffiui immurgu infechtso 25 lacumscugud ninne .i. fieri riain suftire infechtso-^ 6. invi 7. .i. fotitndiris

1. ooimchldim^ 2. donaih teoraih persoTiaib uathataib 3. frisincetni persin

1. .i. oigthidi 2. .i. lintidi 3. .i. for • Illi • 30

1. .i. iiige .i. acht asringba ddsylldbchi mathechtaid^ • i retns bid airdixa 2. arbidtimmarti^ ama, sodain 3. .i. ue^'bis t sopinis t partiapm oUodin asasu 4. .i, incieo ni reid 5. saillim 6. gortigim .i. ide?/i signijicat 7 sallio

1. .i. ainm veto nephchorpdi 7 is quartdiil 35

1. i.e. that there might be a difference between tlie preterites of fulgeo Sind fulcio. 3. i.e. subministro. 4. i.e. for it wasfofactus sum that it formerly made, suffio suffiui, however, this time, with change of meaning, i.e. fieri before, suffire this time. 7. i.e. subministres.

1. I change. 2. in the three persons singular. .3. to the 4° first person.

3. i.e. belonging to the fourth (conjugation, eo, queo).

1. i.e. of the third (conjugation), i.e. provided it exceed disyllabism, if it has i before -tus it will be long. 2. for in that case it will be short. 3. which is easy. 4. i.e. incieo : it is not easy^ 45

1. i.e. name of an incorporeal thing, and it is of the fourth declension. .i. illico

a: MS. liquet

b: MS. afieiw

c: in marg. illicitus

d: der glossator scheint na ni ate und indi as zu mischen, Thumeysen

e: Here the a must be read c : see above 72" 2, W.S. gemeint ist wobl con imchldim, Thumeysen, and J.S. thinks this is the correct form

f: MS. mathech, at the end of the Hne

g: for -timmorte, as cuniachtai, Sg. 3"21, for cumachtae and carthi, 148' 2, for charthe

h: nlr6id eeems to gloss illitus, over which it is written, J. S.

[ 179 ]'eo* terminantium regulam seruans, corripuit peneultimaiii 'ambitus.'

Sed Vt'lius Celer ... decliiiatione- et tenore^ 'ambitus' nomen a participio ostendit discerni, quod usu quoque, ut ostendimus, con- firmatui"*.

Lib. XI. Cum enim nomen et uerbum piiraum et secundum (' P- 548) tenuerunt locum, participium, quod ex utroque nascitur', sequentem iure exigit. Quaesitum est tamen, an bene separauerunt id ab aliis partibus" grammatici... Stoici enim quomodo articulum et pro- nomen nnaui partem orationis accipiebant^...sic igitur supra dicti JO philosophi etiam participium aiebant appellationem esse reciprocam ... Vnde uidentur nostri asciuisse' inter uerba gerundia uel par- P- ^^^^ ticipialia, cum uideantur ea diuersos assumere casus-. Ideo autem ^^' ^' ' participium separatim^' non tradebant partem orationis, quod nulla alia pars orationis semper in diriuatione est nullam propriam po- 15 sitionem liabens, nisi participitim"*; caeterae enim partes primo" in positione' inuentae sunt, ad quam etiam diriuatiua aptantur*.

2. .i. secundsie declmatio7iis participium • iiii • diil an ainm P. 187 b 3. .i. loing in ipArticipio hreih in nomine circumflex in participio <^ontinued acuit in nomine 4. .i. issed andliged nisin forthet • usus 10 Lib. XI. 5. isaiH asberar angein uand annimaim quia habet aiciditi cosmaili contra"^ accidentia nominis 7 quia nascitwr a uerbis bite a nominibits 6. .i. condergensat rainn foleith di 7. acht aiebant

1. .i. participia .i. ataruirmiset lagerind 2. .i. ataat tuisil p. i88a 25 indib cadesin 3. .i. fri nomen 7 uerbum acht ba inna nelluch atarnmtis 4. .i. NI conetada dirkuidigad rainn saindilis no bed indiruidigud semper nisi partic^p^w7M • t niconfil nach rainn ndd techtad cetnidetaid nisi participium • reliqua 5. hi cdtnidetid 6. .i. doecastar imbi hinun folud bis indib 7 acetnide'^ mad inun 30 is oinrann dano

2. i.e. the participle belongs to the second declension, the noun to p. i87b the fourth. 3. i.e. long in the participle, short in the noun, circumflex continued in the participle, acute in the noun. 4. i.e. it is that law which use supports. 5. therefore the birth is said to be from the noun because 35 it (the participle) has accidents like those of the noun, and because it is born of verbs which (themselves) are from nouns. 6. i.e. so that they made of it a separate part. 7. but they used to say.

1. i.e. participles, i.e. they have reckoned them with the gerund. P. 188 a 2. i.e. there are cases in them themselves. 3. i.e. from the noun and 40 the verb : but it was together with them that they used to reckon them. 4. i.e. derivation does not olitain (any) peculiar part (of speech), to be always in derivation, except the participle, etc. Or there is no part of I speech that has not a primitive-origin, except the participle. 5. in primitive-origin. 6. i.e. it shall be seen whether the substance that is 4.«; in them and their primitive is the same. If it be the same it is one part (of speech) indeed.

a: MS. primae

b: MS. 00.— Ir. fri

c: cf. Vol. i. p. 234 note k

[ 180 ]"Omnis enim pars orationis quocunque modo^ diriuata uel in

eandem notitionem" siue difinitionem" primitiui sui accipitur et eandem habet ei diuisionem" et eadem accidentia . uel in aliud", quod iam ante erat suppositum^* in propria naturali positione, unde etiam dirinatiunm propter similitudinem ">'•" eius, quod iam erat ante ex se ortum, ei addebatur'", ut 'pater' nomen et 'paternus/ similiter 'rex' et 'regalis,' 'taurus' et 'taurinus' nomina: quicquid enim accidit primitiuo, accidit etiam diriuatiuo. 'Ferueo' uerbum et 'feruesco' uerbum, similiter 'facio' et 'facesso' 'uideo' et 'uiso' uerba sunt ab eodem in idem. Sed etiam 'bene' et 'male'^' diriuata aduerbia a nominibus ab alio ad aliud ad similitudinem^* nata sunt ante in propria positione inuentorum ut 'pene' 'nempe' 'fere^*'; haec

7. Mad hinunn anetargnce^ inchetnidi 7 rwf^tVsuidigthi hid hinunn randatu doib dano iarum A. mad hinunn herchoiliud 7 accidentia doib' 8. .i. im tri dighail fa thormach^ indirsuidigud ceille t suin 15 9. .i. hicomdeilb randatad 10. .i. erchoiliud nomtwis reMqua 11. .i. is inonnfodil insce .i. uerbum t uonien reMqua 12. aire" manip hinunn etargnae don diruidigthiu frisacetnide fedir amal sodin andirui6.gthe dochum nacha rainne aile - ut bene 7 male • > 13. .i. e dochum cdtnidetad frisin cosniil issed tete andirvidigthe ut 20 bene dochum indi as fere .i. innafolud naicneta reliqua 14. .i. is a,iri doformdgar 15. .i. arachosmili frisacetnide dianac- comoltar 16. .i. resiu adrochomolta frisandiruidigthe 17. .i, arandddenach son infechtso 18. .i. dochosmaiMus i andohriati2kr^ cetnide innanaicniud feisin 19. .i. ataat in da fere .i. fere cetnide 15 .i. e^ amess linim 7 fere c^tVuidigthe .i. inchomocus

7. If the notion of the primitive and that of the derivative be the continued same, they will also have the same particularity^ afterwards, i.e. if they have the same definition and accidents. 8. i.e. whether the deriva- tion of sense or sound be through diminution or increase. 9. i.e. into 30 conformity of particularity. 10. i.e. definition of the noun etc. 11. i.e. it is the same division of speech. 12. Difiicult ! Unless the notion of the derivative be not the same as the primitive, the deri^ ative in that case carried to some other part (of speech) as beiie and male. 13. i.e. the primitive origin to which (it is) like^, 'tis to this that the de- rivative goes, as bene to fere, i.e. into its natural substance etc. 14. i.e. therefore it is increased. 15. i.e. for its likeness to the primitive with which it is connected. 16. i.e. before it was connected with the derivative. 17. i.e. on account of their final this time. 18. i.e. to the likeness of the primitive adverbs in their own nature. 19. i.e. there are the two feres i.e. a primary fere i.e. this is my judgment*", and a derivative fere i.e. near by.

a: The former n is written over and replaces a bad n

b: the first h is an aspiration -mark over t

d: The first word of this gloss, aire 'difKcult' or 'a difficulty' (.i. docamhal, O'Cl.), seems, like the common phrase sudet qui legat, to mean that in the glossator's opinion, the lemma is obscure

d: MS. dohrt, which Windisch would read dohreihiv or dobrefhxe. J.S. considers dobrS-, dobreth" to be traditional abbrevia- tions

e: leg. is^?

f: See above, p. 76, note e

g: cf. Ml. 53n6, 129** 3

h: The last words seem to be an explanation of the meaning of the ' primur j' fere. For the 'derivative' /ere cf. Prise, xv. 14, where fere -iuxta is derived homferus, cf. C.Z. in. 60

[ 181 ]enim a se" orta sunt : quicquid euim accidit his, accidit etiam illis et,

quod suum est-' aduerbiorum, per omnia uerba percurrunt. Quantum ergo ad hoc, id est quod in primitiuis et in sua positione non inueniuntur participia, uidentur stoici bene fecisse-. Sed rursus 6 prohibet ea esse nomina temporum diuersorum assumptio, quae fit' in propriis transfigurationibus^ ad similitudinem uerborum. Sed si quis dicat, quod nomina quoque multa inueniuntur tenipus significantia, respondebimus, quod hoc interest inter participia et nomina temporalia^^ quod nomina ilia nihil aliud significant nisi lo ipsum tempus^'* per se'* ut 'annus,' 'mensis'...nec in propriis sunt transfigurationibus^, participia uel actionem uel pasionem aliquam in diuerso fieri tempore demonstrant, non tempus ipsum per se^' "^, (i. p. 550) et quod eos sequuntur casus, quos et uerba, ex quibus nascuntur, et quod uerborum significationes habent et quod pro uerbo pununtur, «5 quorum niliil est suum nominis.

Omne enim nomen a quocumque uerbo natum uel'*" geaitiuum sequitur casum uel datiuum figurate per compasionem'*'...ut 'amicus illius^^'...et datiuum, ut 'amicus illi est'... Inueniuntur tamen P. 188b

20. A. uadib fesin 21. .i. sainred 22. .i. nephdenom^-^^a. iorainne di foleith acht a^ aram laainm 23. .i. in participiis ^""*'""^'^ techtite proprias transhguj-ationes uerborum hi cachaiccidit absce*' ipei'sonis 7 modis 7 notechtath'^ dano in airnsir indsainriad quia est in participio praesens 7 ^raeieAtum 7 iwtaruni 24. .i, sliiindite airnsir 25. .i. cen foilsigud diuersitatis tempoWs 26. .i. 25 tresin naiinsir feissin .i. amal bid ind^ airnsir feisin 27. .i. ut participia .i. ar is aiccidit doranngabdil aimser ni atcctdit i/Hmurgu donaib anmanibso reiiqua 28. .i. ni slond naainisire acht isslond ingnimo gnither indi 29. awial inna annian asrubaHmar 30. .i. niforcmi tuisel inna breithre huambi 31. .i. trechomchesad 30 .i. ofodim m cdch dobeir frisincdch diatahir^ ni 32. iscesad doneuch cairddinigther and

20. i.e. from themselves. 21. i.e. peculiar. 22. i.e. the not p, i88a making a separate part of speech of it, but counting it with the noun, contintied 23. i.e. in participles, which have the proper changes of verbs in every 35 accident, except persons and moods, and which have it also in time especially, because there is in the participle a present and a preterite and a future. 24. i.e. which signify time. 25. i.e. without manifest- ing diversity of time. 26. i.e. through the time itself, i.e. as if it ' were the time itself. 27. i.e. as participles, i.e. for time is an accident 40 to the participle, but it is not an accident to these nouns, etc. 28. i.e. it is not the expression of the time, but it is the expression of the action that is performed in it. 29. like the nouns which we have mentioned. 30. i.e. it does not preserve the case of the verb from which it comes. 31. i.e. through co-suffering, i.e. every one who gives 45 co-endures with every one to whom he gives something. 32. 'tis suffering to every one who is united in friendship therein.

a: om. MS.

b: om. MS.

c: i.e. absque

d: leg. notechtat, i.e. no-d-techtat, as the lack of ' aspiration ' of the first t indicates

e: here ind seems to be written for inn

f: the first a is written under the line

[ 182 ]pauca etiam ablatiuum sequentia. . .accusatiuum uero figurate: 'exosus

bella'..., participioriim enim loco^ uidentur posita illorum construc- tionem seruasse.

Ergo si uerborum seruauerint consequentiam", participia sunt, sin animissis temporibus casus quoque, quos nomina solent uerbalia 5 sequi, attrahant, transeunt in ea', ut 'amans ilium' participium est... 'arnans^' autem 'illius' nomen...

...mansit participium medium inter nomen et uerbuml Vnde ration abiliter hoc nomen est ei a grammaticis inditum per confirma- P. 189a tionem duarum partium* orationis principalium. ...quomodo nauium «o partes sunt tabulae et trabesS cetera autem, id est stupa et claui^... non partes nauis dicuntur. Sed est obiciendum ad hoc^, quod... coniunctiones...et praepositiones et similia ex eadem sunt materea ex qua nomen et uerbum constant", hoc est Uteris et syllabis et (I. p. 552) accentibus et intellectu". Multo melius igitur, qui principales et »5 egregias partes nomen dicunt et uerbum, alias autem his appendices^

Participium est igitur pars orationis", quae pro uerbo accipitur... genus et casum habens ad similitudinem nominis et accidentia uerbo absque discretione personarum et modorum. Cum igitur flectas nomen in obliques casus, uerbum adiungi ei non potest intransituum", ^° id est d/xerd^aTov, hoc est in sua manens persona*. Nam fiera- ^artKa^ dicuntur, id est transitiua, quae ab alia ad*^ aliam transeunt personam", in quibus solent obliqui casus" adiungi uerbis...

1. .i. luc immognomo ar is hiluc ran^abalae atd exosus .i. ar is ruidles dorangahsbil imniognom fri ainsid • ^ 2. kislund gnimo 7 25 in immognam • 3. .i. nowa'wa ,i. condat anman som dano hriathardi 4. sercid 5. .i. rami foleith .i. techtid cosmilius fricechtar de 6. .i. odeimnichther indi cosmilius indarann

1. .i. cammchranna 2, cloi 3. diafrituideckt 4. fil hicach rainn 5. /ortachtaigthi'^ .i. comthoriidedcha^ veliqua 30 6. her choiliud /olid 7. .i. fiepht/iairndhechtid .i. cen tairmthecht opersin dialaili • 8. .i. attrdchtad .i. cen tairmthecht ipersin naili • 9. .i. sainpoxsan slidndes anaiinm J inh'iathar^ hisuidiu- 10. ni tat ainmnidi

1. i.e. from the place^ of construction ; for exosus stands in the place 35 of a participle, for construction with an accusative is a peculiarity of the participle. 2. in i.e. expressing action and in construction, 3, i.e. so that they are verbal nouns. 5. i.e. a separate part, i.e. it possesses a resemblance to each of the two. 6. i.e. the resemblance of the two parts is confirmed in it. 4°

3. to oppose it. 4. which is in every part (of speech). 5. helpers, i.e. consignificants. 6. a definition of meaning. 7. a non-transgressor, i.e. without passing over from one person to another. 8. i.e. a re-commentary, i.e. without passing into another person. 9. i.e. ('tis) a different person that is expressed by the noun and tha45 verb here. 10. they are not nominatives.

a: MS. constet

b: MS. mezaBatika

c: MS. in

d: cf. Ml. 36" 4, 124" 4, 134'^ 2

e: leg. comthi'irhdecha, Ascoli, but cf. foircnedchaib Sg. 112" 2, cuitbedcha 132» 1

f: MS. bretJi

g: loco is mistranslated

[ 183 ]Cum igitur sunt intransitiua, quia non possunt obliqui casus his P. isab

adiungi loco uerbi subit participium..,ubique enim participium loco ('• P- ^^'^) uerbi intransitiui accipitur-.

Diuersa enim uerba absque coniunctione adiungere non potest**... 5 Contra autem nomina diuerea, si ad unum referantur, sine con- iunctione oportet ea proferre, nisi si adiectiua** geminentur^. .. Verba quoque et participia' si sequantur sese, egent coniunctione... Nee mirum, propria, quae insecabilcm" substantiam demonstrant... nee non appellatiua quae secabilem, id est generalem uel specialem, lo quae diuidi potest^ substantiam indicant,. . non egere coniunctione... Itaque cum dicam ' Pupiius Cornilius Scipio Africanus,' non egeo (i- p- 554) coniunctionibus : unam enim his indico esse omnibus substantiam^ Similiter 'homo est animal rationale, mortale, disciplinae capax,' cum unam substantiam significo quamuis multorum communem^ non 15 egeo coniunctionibus, quae diuei'sas solent res coniungere : diuersae autem substantiae in eodem esse non possunt. Accidentia autem, quae substantiae" iam ante suppositae accidunt*"...

Et quamuis ab indicatiuis deriuantur uerbis participia, potestate P. 190a tamen et ui significationis omnes continent modos^.. Infinita 20 enim similiter'^ cum ab indicatiuo nascuntur, pro omni accipiuntur modo^... ...'eo' pronomen et uerbum et aduerbium et coniunctio"*.

1. quia/H 6rethir sis [over this] .i. aicsenogiid 2. .i. huare P. 189b ruhd roAlninter tribrethir inpersan slaindte^ tidsil nominis • roslninter immurgn t7'erangayAi in pexsan hisin • old aiH iamiw doberr ind 25 rang^hkX do inchosc ceille inna brethve condib sinonti persan bes in particijaio 7 in obliquis 7 is ciall hrethre astoasci and • • - 3. .i. nech 4. .i. mat anmann adiechta emnatar and is ecen comaconiol hisiddib 5. .i. dibre,ir diranga^dsdX imvaalle C. nephfodlide 7. acenelchi 8. folad ii 6in persine 9. donab huilib doinib 30 10. .i. istoisigiu afolsA (iiam accideniiVt

1. .i. arberr ciall innanule mod eissib 2. yWra«^abail P. I90a 3. arbevr ciall cech muid ainfinit 4. .i. eo .i. arindi i adaas^

1. quia goes with the verb below, i.e. causality. 2. i.e. because p. i89b the person which the cases of a noun denote cannot be denoted by a verb, 35 that person, however, can be denoted by a participle, so that therefore the participle is put to signify the sense of the verb, that it may be the same person that is in the participle and in oblique cases, and it ex- presses therein the sense of a verb. 3. i.e. anyone^. 4. i.e. if nouns adjective be doubled there a conjunction is necessary in (i.e. between) 40 them. 5. i.e. two verbs or two participles together. 6. indivisible. 7. its generality. 8. the substance of one person. 9. to all human beings. 10. i.e. the substance is prior to the accidents.

1. i.e. the meaning of all the moods is elicited from them. 2. i.e. P. 190a to the participle. 3. the meaning of every mood is elicited from the 45 infinitive. 4. eo i.e. because, or than it.

a: leg. potes, but potest is glossed

b: MS. adiectatiua

d: in eodem— t a substantiae om. MS

d: MS. shiinde

e: MS. adas; cf. adoasa Tur. 35, adwi Laws V 370

f: cf. Sr. 121" 2

[ 184 ]../legens doceo' pro 'lego et doceo/ quae compositio intransitiua

est®, hoc est ipsam in se mauere ostendit personam, Obliqui uero casus participiorum ad hoc sunt utiles, quod non solum sine coniunc- tione proferuntur cum obliquis casibus nominum, sed etiam ad alias transeunt personas"... 5

Nee mirum ad formam adiectiuorum haec dirigi^ cum paene (i. p. 556) ^^j^ habeant participia nominum quoque adiectiuorum. Accidentia* enim propriis uel appellatiuis nominibus significant... Nee nos moueat, quod sunt quaedam uerba, quae naturaliter ad mares pertinent uel ad feminas ut 'fotuo^ nubo' 'fotuens, nubens'...quod lo adeo natura ipsius uerbi et participii communis est trium generum^...

Et contra uituperationis causa possum dicere, ut luuenali"^ in I :

nubit amicus ^

...ad similitudinera optatiuorum". Nascitur autem participium P. 191a praesentis et praeteriti imperfecti a prima persona praeteriti im- 15 perfecti in omni coniugatione. Nee mirum ^, cum prima persona honestior est caeteris. Virgilius in II Aeneidos :

deuellimur^ inde

Iphitus et Pelias mecum.

Fit autem participium mutatione extremae syllabae supra dicti 20 temporis et personae, id est 'bam' in *ns,' ut 'amabam amans,' 'doce- bam docens,' 'legebam legens,' 'faciebara faciens,' 'muniebam muniens,' exceptis in ' eo ' desinentibus quartae coniugationis uerbis, quae contra aliorum regulam i habent ante 'bam' productum — quam tamen antiqui diptongum scribentes transmutationem " uocalium fac- 25 tarn" ostendebant^: 'adeibam,' 'queibam*' pro 'adiebam,' 'quiebam'...

5. .i. ishinonn persan diatremdirgedar uerhum 7 participium continued q ^ intan adcomlatur dobrethir

1. ,i. cit coitchenna anmman n'^ adiecta 2. inna aicciditi 3. Consentius C^) .i. med asbeir in fer intan rhbis ocind oipred • ^o fotuo goithimm • 4. .i. atrobair^ each cenel 5. .i. briathar femin son infechtso doaccomol doanmanaib mascwi/indaib* 6. .i. amal rondgabsat inoptit

1. .1. abuith 6n chetni phersin 2. .i. docuirethar cetna persan sin^ persana aili chucae 3. cumscugud • e • tar • i • condeni • ei • 35 deognr

5. i.e. 'tis the same person to which the verb and the participle refer. continued g j ^. when they are conjoined to a verb.

1. i.e. (it is no wonder) though they are common, like nouns adjective. 2. the accidents. 3. i.e. this is what the man says when he is at 40 the operation, futuo. 4. i.e. every gender can say it (of itself, scil. amo, moneo, etc.). 5. i.e. this is now the conjunction of a feminine verb with masculine nouns. 6. i.e. as they are in the optative.

1. i.e. its being from the first person. 2. i.e. a first person here takes other persons to it. 3. the change of e over i, so that it makes 45 ei diphthong.

a: MS. transmotatione

b: MS. facta

c: MS. adibam quibam

d: leg. nmal amnmann

e: with a-trohair cf. asrobair Sg. 198" 18, asrobar Ml. 17"23

f: leg. mascuil? J.S.

g: cf. p. 62, note a

[ 185 ]Nee tamen id* prohibuit participia ad perfeetorum regulam nasei";

dicimus ">niin 'iens, adiens, quiens, pollens, insigniens.'

Quaeritur 'ortuni ortuS' an 'oritum oritu,' unde 'oriturus.' P. I9lb In anomalis quoque supra dictae regulae- seruantur... (i. p. 559)

Vnde et 'osus' pro praesenti, et 'meminens^' pro praeterito licet" P. 192a accipere... (i. p. 560)

Sunt tamen quaedam participia, quorum ([uamuis deficiant uerba P. 192 b in usu ratio tamen analogiae quod dici possunt ostendit, ut (i- p. 561) ' triumphatus,' 'erratus'... Quid enim prohibet uerbis quoque (i. p. 562) loeorum uti^ nisi auctoritas deficeret ? Nee mirura hoc fieri in participiis^... ...'ocior*' quasi ab oco, quod in usu non est, licet a Graeco est co/cew?"®...

...'trabeatus"'...'armatus' oo7rXt<r6t9 • kul • oo'rrtaTi]<;"".

...a participiis participia*^ non possunt nasci nee uerba^.. P- I93a

Nam 'frugi'...et similia non deficiunt aliquo casu certo, sed pro ('• P- 563) omni casu eadem terminatione funguntur^ quamuis'^ possunt haec (^- P- ^^^) eadem figurate magis prolata...per genetiuum uel datiuum quam indeclinabilia esse uideri... Sic 'frugi homo/ id est 'qui frugi est,' hoc est 'utilitati^'...

../qui amauit*' 09 i<l>i'qaev'^, id est o ^tXi]cra<i^... ...ubiP. 193b (i. p. 565)

4. .i. ind • i airdixa dohuith indih 5. ar issamlaid ataat P- 191 a inna ranngabala ama nobed^ • e • re • bam • in pr-aeterito impe/'fecto • •

1. .i. ?'n • ortum bis do 7 reliqua 2. .i. ci^uthsiigiheo narann- P. 191b gabal todochaidi 7 secAmadachti a^ sopino 7 reliqua

1. .i. ni airberai' freciidairc asuidiu immurgu p. 192a

1. yb -r- 2. arambera nech biuth 3. .i. erchrw warn P. 192 b briatliar ua nibiat 4. .i. comY>aratiuus .i. amal bid on posit asbert' ocus 5. cenodfil posit grecda do 6. trabda • traba uestis 7. "participium 7 sic in reliquis masiied amin

1. arciabeith amantis amandus ni dir'uidigud acht iscrathadP'i93& 2. archuit ceille 2 a. adaas 3. dotharbataid

1. arrocar P- 193 b

4. i.e. the fact that the long i is in them. 5. for 'tis thus that the P. 191a participles are, as if there were e before -bam in the preterite imperfect. continued

1. i.e. whether it is ortum that it has etc. 2. i.e. (the rules) of the p. I9ib formation of the participles of the future and preterite from the supine *fec.

1. i.e. a present, however, is not derived from this (meviinens). p. 192 a

1. (deponents) in r^. 2. that anyone should use. 3. i.e. the P. 192b defect 1 of the verbs from which they come. 4. i.e. a comparative, ^o i.e. as if it were from the positive ocus. 5. though there is a Greek positive to it. 6. if it be so.

1. for though there be amantis, amandus, it is not derivation, but P» 193 a formation. 2. as regards meaning.

1. when he has loved. P. 193 b

a: MS. liquet

b: MS. OKecoc

c: recte 6 ottX/tt/s: over oTrXiarrii is written par 7 sic in

d: MS. €<f>ik€ffti>

e: MS. os f<pceffas

f: for the omission of the relative n cf. Sg. S"» 15, 32» 1, 50» 3, 68" 9

g: MS. 7

h: i.e. deponents from which such transitive participles as triumphatu», erratus would naturally come

[ 186 ]participium deficit, uecessario uerbura intinito nomini siibstantiuo

iunctum participii officio^ fungitur.

...'qui amaturV 09 (fyiXelrai, pro 6 <f)tXov/j,€vo<i^. Ex quo nunc ostenditur significatio participii*, quod tam norainis quam uerbi uim obtinet, quod et hoc pro illis et ilia pro hoc ponunturl Dicimus 5 enim 'legens est, qui legit' et 'qui legit, est legens*'...

...saepe et praesenti pro piaeterito et praeterito pro praesenti utuntur auctores necessitatis causa, cum deficiant et in 'or' desinentia praesenti et in o terniinantia praeterito". Praesentis tarnen^ par- ticipium, quod etiam praeteritum imperfectum significat, solet 10 coniungi uerbis praeteriti perfecti et plusquamperfecti et significa- tioneni" eorundem temporum complere, quomodo uerba** praesentis temporis, si adiungantur participiis praeteriti, praeteritum significant, 'ut caenatus sum, caenatus es, caenatus est' pro 'caenaui, caenasti, caenauit'... Itaque quod deest Latinitatis linguae naturaliter, 15. completur iuncturae ratione".

'Coniurato' Virgilius in II Georgicon :

Aut coniurato' discendens Dacus ab Histro.

...uenit a 'facio' uerbo, quod uim actiuam possidet 'Ho' uerbi^...

Multa tamen ex huiuscemodi uerbis inueniuntur . , participia 20 praeteriti temporis tam actiuam quam passiuam significationem habentia, ut 'meditor' /xeXerw, 'meditatus^'

...transeunt in nominum uim^...

...'dedi datus' et 'steti status' quod participio" simile nomenest^..

Praeterea notanda sunt a 'saliui' uel 'salui' 'saltus' et 'salturus'... 25

2. .i. hiltic ranngahdla 3. acarthar 4. .i. iure prae- dicto suidigthe aiimnie 7 ^rethre tarahesisi reliqua 5. engracci- gidir cechtar nai alaUl 7 is cumme diiit legens est 7 qwi legit do epirt 7 qwi l^git legens est 6. frisgair intesteniin se dondib dligedib remepevthih • 7. .i. cenodjil anerchre 8. .i. sum 30 odballib 9. .i. accoriwl innambriathar 7 inna ranngabdl

1. enod cainti^ ocondsridJisin 2. gnim indi as Ho

1. ciall gnimo 7 chesto 2. .i. it anman awial sodain

1. oic bes nomeii 2. [in marg.] in aecunda, coniugatione diarneis 35

2. i.e. in place of a participle. 3. when he is loved. 4. i.e. continued from the aforesaid rule of setting a noun and a verb in place of it, etc. 5. each of them takes the place of the other, and it is the same for thee to say leyens est and qui legit, and qui lec/it, legens est. 6. this text answers to the two laws aforesaid. 7. i.e. though they (the present 40 participle from verbs in or and the past participle from verbs in o) are wanting. 8. i.e. sum with its parts. 9. i.e. the junction of the verbs and of the participles,

1. ... at that river. 2. the active oi Jio.

1. the meaning of action and passion. '1. i.e. they are nouns in 45 that case.

1. it may be a noun. 2, in the second conjugation behind us®.

a: MS. oc (})iAei- T<M<})IA AfeNOC

b: et significationem om. MS.

c: MS. in participio

d: or possibly erod cainti ; the word is obscure of. enudlia, eniod Laws, III 60, 62, enotlia H. 3. 18, p. 381

e: i.e. in the passage about verbs of the second conjugation, 159^ h 19 = Hertz, i. p. 571, 1. 8

[ 187 ]Excipiuntur piimae quidem coniugationis duo, quae per synerisin* P. 196b

i proferuntur, 'secui sectus^' effricui frictus.'

Similiter a canendo' composita absque i faciunt participia (i. p. 571) secundum primitiui formam : ' canor cantus/ * occinor occentus,' 5 'accinor accentus,' quamuis 'occinui' et 'accinui' faciant praeterituml

excipiuntur 'ussi ustus,' 'gessi gestus/ 'torsi torsus' et* 'tortus' p. i96a antiqued (i. p. 573)

. . .deponentia, quae facile" ex simili terminatione^ passiuorum" p. i96b dinosci possunt...

Et quia superius diximus, quod uerba actiua uel neutra carent (i. p. 574) praeteriti temporis participio, sicut et passiua et communia et deponentia deficiunt in participiis instantis temporis^, sed pro his substantiuo nomine et uerbo utimur, ut 6 <l)iXrjaa<i 'qui amauit^,' 6 <f)iov/jL€vo^^ 'qui amaturV sciendum, quod antiqui in actiuis et i.s neutris uerbis' pro" praeteriti temporis participiis etiam instanti® tempore utebantur...6 'iraf/ajevo/jbevo'i^' koI 'Trapa'yivofievo'i^'^,' 'ad- ueniens.' Virgilius in X :

Caeculus, et ueniens^ Marsorum' montibus Vmbro,

Lib. XII. Pronomen est pais orationis, quae pro nomine proprio' P. I97a 2o uniuscuiusque accipitur personasque finitas recipit. (i- p- 577)

1. trithobae 2. ni secitus** dogni 3. .i. ondi as cano P. I95b 4. .i. nithechta indi'anngahai arachuitsidi

1. uare naich hisus tiagait P- 196 a

1. fHces'^iA 2. horaiuigabdil f recndaiTC hicesad* seclinioella^ 'P. I9&h 25 diuscartach • h6ranngaha,i frecndaivc indeilb chesto 7 horangahaiil sec/imadachti indeilb gnimo ■ ' Et sechmoeUa coitchen horangabAil .sec^madachti intan aramberar gnim eissi 7 ho rangaba,i frecnn,irc intain aramberar cesad essi-- 3. arrocar 4. acarthar 5. .i. armbevtis a?Ta/i^abail /recndairc 6. /7'ecndairc 7. digreic 30 indi as adueniens inso dano 8. andororpai 9. innacenelsin

1. engracogud anme dilis .i. isdiles anainmsin afolaid .i. robo- V. I97a /oZad dilea i rfoacaldmach • >

2. it is not secitus that it makes. 3. i.e. from cano. 4. i.e. P. 195 b the participle hath it (i) not as far as that goes.

1. since they do not end in -sus. P. 196 a

1. (like) the passive. 2. the deponent lacks a present participle P. 196b in the passive : (the passive lacks) a present participle in the paradigm of the passive, and a preterite ])articiple in the paradigm of the active : the common lacks a preterite participle when action is expressed by it, and a 40 present participle when pa.ssion is expressed by it. 3. i.e. when he has loved. 4. when he is loved. 5. i.e. that they used to express it by a present participle. 7. two Greek (words) for adueniens (is) this then. 8. when he came. 9. to those nations'".

1. a taking the place of a proper noun, i.e. that name is the peculiar p jcj^^^ 45 property of its substance, i.e. either a proper substance or an appellative.

a: torsus et om. MS.

b: MS. facili

c: om. MS.

d: MS. (piXot/xvos

e: MS. quod • in actiuis et neutris uerbis • actiui pro

f: MS. irapaTTqvos

g: MS. Traparivonevo

h: MS. secit US

i: hi cesad steht neben der ubrigen glosse, aber mit einem verweisungszeichen, das hinter/rec' wiederkehrt, Thurneysen

k: cf. m iarsinni gcachmallas o dheilbh = non quia caret forma, BB. 319* 7

l: here something like sechmoetla cesad seems to have been omitted

m: of those nations,' cf . Sg. 19*4, J. 8.

[ 188 ]Et primae quidem personae piimitiuum est 'ego' et reliqui casus

sequentes^...'sui,' quod nominatiuo caret, quomodo ' eavrov^' apud Graecos'*. Et ea quidem octo pronoinina sunt primitiua uel simplicia'*.

Quaeritur tamen, cur prima quidem persona et secunda singula* habeant pronomina tertia uero persona modo demostratiua est, 5 ut 'hie,' 'iste,' modo relatiua®, ut 'is,' 'ipse,' modo praesens iuxta', ut 'iste^,' modo absens uel longe posita, ut 'ille®.' Si enim super^" omnes alias partes orationis" finit^^ personas pronomen, rectissime*' tertiarum quoque personarum differentia distincte profertur, quae (I. p. 578) plurimas habet diuersitates". Vnde non irrationabiliter tertias 'o uerborum personas infinitas Appollonius dicit^"' ", cum nulla in eis

2. ISairi asbertar atacetnidi inchamthuisil ore iii ondi as ego continued ^^^ . mei • J reUqua Aliter isairi asbertai' ata cetnidi inchamthmsi] ore atd^ cetnidi inna pronomtna huataat A. ego 7 tu • • 7 sic dta^ur in uomine mad cetnide anainmni it cetnidi athuisil • si diriuaiiw/i • nomen • 15 casus eius diriua^t erunt • > 3. ^rec indi as sui 4. .i. nitaet choins iddig ud'^ friii^ in nominatiuo nisi in paucis 5. oindi 6. .i. atarcadach A. diarohae aisndis^ riam. 7. inchomocus 8. intisiv 9. intitliall 10. .i. sech 11. Super omnes .i. huare ata cinnivd pevsine hi pronomen 7 ata mrechtrad forsinpersin ^o {sin • hauisse cenotectad ilgotha fri inchnsc in mrechtraid sin • huare is moo sluindes pronomeji persin quam aliae partes • air isfrisaricht • ar cia sluindid briathar persin ni fris aricht fnslond pevsine act is frislond gnimo pevsine p?*incipalite7* aricht • cenud slwindi pevsin conseqi^enter • ' 12. manudchinni^ 13. isdiriuch andechor '^b deg cinte pevsana 14. in gothaib^ j indliucht 15,16. .i.fobith ndd cinnet tevtpevsin 6rethre pevsain add is gnim pevsine sluindite [marg. 1.] dindi file mrechtrad forsindremepevthu 7 nad fit fiyr tevtpevsain^ uerborum'

2. Therefore the oblique cases are said to be primitive, because it is 30 continued not from ego that mei is. Aliter, for this reason the oblique cases are said to be primitive, because the pronouns ego and tu, from which they come, are primitive, and thus it is said in nomine, if the noun be primitive its cases are primitive. 3. the Greek of sui. 4. i.e. except in a few instances, there is no composition with them in the nominative. 6. i.e. 35 anaphoric, i.e. of which there has been a speaking before. 11. i.e. since there is a definition of person in the pronoun, and there is variety in that person, it were right that it should possess many sounds to express that variety, because the pronoun, more than the other parts of speech, signi- fies a person : for for this it was invented. For though a verb signifies 4° person, it was not invented to signify person, but to signify a person's action, jyrincipcditer, although it signifies person consequenter. 1 2. if it determines. 13. right is their diflference because they define persons. 14. in words and meaning. 15. i.e. because third persons of a verb do not define person, but it is the action of person 45 which they signify, from the fact that there is variet)' on the aforesaid and there is not on the third person of verbs.

a: MS. airwv

b: leg. ata

c: for the aspiration of the subject cf. Sg. 3» 1, 6^ 25, 28*14, 146» 1, 197» 4, 201» 5, 209" 24

d: cf. Sg. ISS-iS, 4

e: recte aisndis, cf. Sg. 198*10

f: MS. might be read manidchinni

g: MS. hi gothaib

h: MS. tert persa^n

i: Alles ^ine hand. Bei der randnote ein verweLsungszeichen" das sich iiber acht is gnlin wiederfindet, Thurneysen

[ 189 ]certa finiatur persona et profundae mnltitudinis sunt capaces"...

Si enim dicam 'scribo' uel 'scribis/ in ipsa uoce definiui'" etiam personam scribentis et ostendi. Sin dicam 'scribit,' incertum quis^^, donee addam uel nomen uel pronomen-". Et primae quidem 5 personae et secundae et tertiae, cum non discernunt genera^S in- aequalem habent etiam easuum declinationem...tertia, quae est 'sui' P- 197b

• sibi' 'se' 'a se' non solum genera, sed etiam numeros confundit;

nee mirum*: nam cum relatiua" sit, ex antecedente cognitione*^ possumus ad quod genus uel numerum^ rcfertur scire, quod facit in lo genere primae et secundae personae ipsa demonstratio'* et praesentia utriusque Ilia uero, quae distingunt genera, certam habent et aequalem per utrumque numerum declinationis et easuum regulam, ut 'ille,' 'ipse,' 'iste,* et reliqua nouem^

Sunt autem eorum alia demonstratiua, alia relatiua, alia et 15 demonstratiua et relatiua", unde'^ notabiles et certae fiunt personae. .. utraque enim...praesens ostenditur persona, et eius, qui loquitur^, et illius, ad quem loquitur.

Inuenitur tamen saepissime absque aliis per ellipsin^' pro- (i. p. 579) latum...

INterest autem inter demonstrationem et relationem hoc, quod demonstratio interrogationi reddita primam cognitionem ostendit'** —

17. .. na ilchialla as ind oim^ainn 18. rocinnius 19. ceP-197a he roscrih 20. isindi scribas 21. nifodlat chenel'^ continued

1. da beith incimimasc andsora 2. .i. tresanainm nengraci- P. I97b 15 gedar 3. .i. cid chenel no cesi aram 4. .i. acht is ifoUsigud frecndairc asagnintar inego 7 tu • tri atarcud immurgu asagnintar /«'sui • 5. dei^baid cenel dano isuidib ani remitatet 6. reliqua nouem .i. anoi^ frisnatri^ .i. iU innanoi didiu • septem diriuatiua • et «is» 7 -hie* 7. .i. dinaib fodlaib remeperthib 8. .i. 30/recndairc dm .i. prima 9. treerchre 10. quod demonstratio .i. ishe in/oilsigud frecre do neoch immechoniarcar duit 7 ni em etargnv riain indainmnigthe innapersine acht iscetna netargna dondi immedchomairc* ar ni etargeiuin side riam ofoilsiged^ do • • >

17. i.e. the many meanings out of the same part (of speech). P. 197a 35 19. who it is that has written. 20. it is of him that writes, continued 21. they do not distinguish gender.

1. that there be the confusion therein. 2. i.e. through the noun p. 197b that it takes the place of. 3. i.e. what is the gender or what the number. 4. i.e. but it is in present demonstration that it is 40 recognised in ego and tu : through anaphora, however, it is recognised in sui. 5. what precedes them, then, certifies the gender in them. 6. the remaining nine, nine in addition to the three (ille, iste, ipse) : these then, are the nine, seven derivatives and is and hie. 7. i.e. from the divisions aforesaid. 8. Le. present indeed, i.e. the first 45 person. 10. i.e. this is the demonstration, an answer to what is asked of thee, and not after previous knowledge of the naming of the person, but it is the first knowledge to him that asks it, for he knew not till it was manifested to him.

a: MS. reuelatiua

b: MS. illimsin

c: for the aspiration of the object cf. Sg. 25" 11, 72» 3, 4, 198» 2, 200" 6

d: MS. noi, Thumeysen

e: MS. frisinatri; but over the second / there was probably a punctum delens, now cut off

f: MS. immebchomairc a {immedchoinairc according to Thumeysen), corr. Nigra

g: leg. probably orofoiUiged

[ 190 ]'qiiis fecit?' 'ego' — relatio uero secundam" cognitionem significat,

ut 'is,' 'de quo iam dixi^l' lure igitur 'hie",' quod primani cogni- tionem indicat, praeponitur, unde et 'praepositiuuin' nominatur, 'is' autem, quod secundam cognitionem significat, subiungitur, unde ef* 'subiunctiuum' pro merito nuncupatur, quod redigat'^ in memoriam 5 cognitionis primae"', ut si dicam : 'Aeueas filius fuit Veneris; is est qui^" uicit Turnum.' 'Ipse"" quoque in tertia persona per se, ut dictum est, positum ad recordatiouem personae refertur iam cognitae"; P. 198 a recte igitur demonstrationem, quae significatur per 'ille' et 'iste' pronomina, reparat memoriae' pronomen, <piod est 'ipse': non tamen 10 etiam 'ille' et 'iste' referri ad pronomen 'ipse' possunt-. Prima enim cognitio est per demonstratiua pronomina, secunda uero per relatiua^. Figurae'* enim uel discretionis uel significantiae causa* primae et secundae adiungitur. Quod autem tertiae est, ostenditur (I. p. 580) ex eo quod dicimus" 'ego feci,' 'tu fecisti,' 'ipse fecit,* et quod tertiae

11. .i. iar netargnu riam 12, .i. inti diarohe briathar linn riam 13. foilsigud hi frecndsiwc^ 14. ol atairhir 15. .i. atairhert hi/orathmet innapersine immeroraid riam 16. .i. inti adruhartma?' ' 17. .i. cenacomoi naich aili do airdianaccomaltar pronomen naill do oetet som iarum do suidiu • • 18. .i. diambi 20 foraithmet riam

1. .i. is ipronomen naithfoilsigthech doib ipse 2. nicumcat camaiph ille 7 iste beta naithfoilsigthecha dondi as ipse airis cetna netargnw sluindes ipse intan as foilsigthech .i. intan ihbis lasani asego" tu ?io'^ immalle • > 3. .1. istoisigiu didiu a cetna netargnw 25 inchoisechar per ille 7 iste (juam anetargne tanaise bis per ipse 4. .i. condib imdu de torand imiaforgnuso 5. .i. do chinniud innapersine 7 dia declior frialaili 7 is sinonn noen discretio 7 significtwj^m • • ■ 6. .i. iscoimdig linn inso

11. i.e. after previous cognition. 12. i.e. he of whom we have 30 spoken before. 13. demonstration in presence. 14. because it brings again. 15. i.e. bringing again into recollection of the person that he has spoken of before. 16. i.e. he whom we liave mentioned. 17. i.e. without joining any other to it, for if another pronoun be joined to it, it (sc. ipse) is in subjection to it. 18. i.e. of which there a is mention before.

1. i.e. to them ipse is a re-demonstrative pronoun. 2. Ule and iste, however, cannot be re-demonstrative to ipse, for iptse expresses together the first cognition when it is a demonstrative, i.e. when it is with ego or tu. 3. i.e. the first cognition, then, which is signified by ille and iste 40 is earlier than the second cognition which is (expressed) by ipse. 4. i.e. so that the sign of the figure may be the more abundant. 5. i.e. to define the person and to distinguish it from another, and discretio and significantia are just the same. 6. i.e. this is customary with us. ^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} [ 191 ]personae in id transferri possunf, quod* maxime in interrogationibus animaduerti potest. Quidam etiam nomen hoc (scil. 'ipse') putauerunt, quia est quando pro* 'solus' accipitur". . .

Verba priniae et secundae personae adiuncta pronominibus 5 perfectionem faciunt^"...nominibus autem non, nisi sint uerba sub- stantiua uel uocatiua...'ipse' uero omnibus uerbis adiunctum per- fectionem habet : 'ipse dedi"'...

Et quia primitiuum tarn singularis quam pluralis numeri commune, deriuatum quoque intrinsecus'-, ex qua parte possessoris" persona lo siguificatur per genitiuum primitiuum^", ex quo nascitur, utriusque numeri commune est, ut 'suns' illius'^ et 'suus' illorum"... Unde intrinsecus" personae, in quibus genetiui primitiuorum, sicut dictum est, intelleguntur, ex quibus et deriuantur, confundunt (i. p. 581) genera'*, quomodo et primitiua eorum. Extrinsecus'* uero distin- 15 guunt ea pro generibus nominum, quibus adiunguntur*': 'mens seruus,' ' mea ancella,' 'meum mancipium.' Numerus uero intrinsecus^' hie intellegitur, quem genetiui habent primitiuorum^, ex quibus deriuantur. Genera etiam possessorum'^^ demonstratio ostendit^^

7. .i. aithfoilsigud tertpersine bis and 8. .i. anaithfoilsigid P. 198 a lo sin 9. .i. cen engracugud nanmce 10. .i. adart fochenn continued naisdisen^ anisiv 11. .i. connach ainni samlaid 12. arrainn indaitrebthado 13. .i. ondrainn inmedonich hisin indaitrebthado 14. .i. isomidi dosom anisin airis coitchen ade cacha dirme 15. .i. ai .i. filius IG. .i. imia nai .i. filius • 17. .i. arrainn •25 aitrebthado 18. .i. uare asrobair mulier mens filius 7 asroba.ir uir mea filia alleiih posessoris 19. ai-rainn indatraib atrebthar and .i. fri a cocenel fogena 20. .i. fobith innacenel ixxnananman frisanacondatar in immognoni • 21. .i. arrainn indi atreba 22. .i. hothad ut mei meus hilar ut nostrw/j noster 7 reliqua .30 23. .i. innani atrebat 24. .i. cinniud .1. infailsigud failsigetar iiitrebthacha persin doadbat s6n acenel atreba anatrab atrebthar^ and • •

7. i.e. a re-demonstration of the third person which is there, p. 198 a 8. i.e. that is their re-demonstration. 9. i.e. without taking the place continued of a noun. 10. i.e. this is "pillow under the head" of a statement. 35 11. i.e. so that thus it is not a noun. 12. on the part of the possessor. 13. i.e. from that internal part of the possessor. 14. i.e. that is from this part to him (the possessor), for this is common to each number. 17. i.e. on the part of the possessor. 18. i.e. because a wife can say meus filius and a husband can say mea filia as to possessor. 40 19. on the part of the possession which is possessed there, i.e. it will be construed with its cogender. 20. i.e. because of the genders of the nouns to which they are joined in construction. 21. i.e. on the part of him who possesses. 22. i.e. singular, as mei, meus, plural, as nostrum, noster etc. 23. i.e. those that possess. 24. i.e. a defini- 45 tion, i.e. the demonstration wherewith possessives demonstrate person, that shews the gender which the possession that is possessed possesses. ^{[5] [6] [7] [8] [9]} [ 192 ]p. 198b quemadmodum in primitiuis. Extrinsecus uero' terminatio distingiiit numerum, quomodo et genera et casus possessionum ; in quibus regula eorum consequentiam seruat mobilium nominuml Quaeritur^ cur 'nostras' et 'uestras' a plurali tantummodo numero diriuantur? Ad quod respondendum, quod patriam seu gentem significant. . . Et 5 possessiua quidem egent adiunctione nominum ad plenam significa- tionem*, primitiua uero non semper. Itaque perfectnm ad discre- tionem est...deficiens uero"* quantum ad discretionem... Cum igitur et articuli relationem et pronomen relationem habent, bis eundem ad cognitionem referri ostendunt^ Nee mirum, loco 10 articulorum ea nos accepisse in declinatione, cum apud Graecos (i. p. 582) quoque hisdem uocibus et in articulis et in pronominibus solent uti^ 09 ij o, ex quibus apud nos 'hie haec hoc' nascuntur pronomina articularia^ ...o 6/1,09* 8ovo<i^, id est 8ovX6<; /jlov^... ...possessiua uero transitiua'" sunt semper... ...uocatiuum non 15 habet aliud pronomen nisi secundae personae primitiuum, 'o tu,' ' o uos/ et primae possessiuum, quando ad secundam transit personam ".

...tamen possunt in tertia simul utraque inueniri in diuersis'...

...'sui'...non solum tunc refertur ad tertiam personam, quando 20

1. .i. alleith atraib 2. A.fodalet chenel fochosmaUius anman nadiecht - 3. .i. nied im'tnafoichsom hie • cid ariidid hiiathuisMh ildaih disruthaigedar'^ acht isciall indildatad ind atraih file inddib cid arna airecht pronome?? naitrebthach dia slund in othuth • - 4. do- linad anintliuchta 5. ind insce 6. .i. biet dd atarcvd and «5 ams. Hodain diambe articol 7 pronomen and • olsodin mmurgu nad recar les • 7. .i. arberat pronomen asanartocol son dm 8. .i. geinengraicichthe .i.fobith ite nodaengraicigetar • 9. .i. aitrebthach conartucol fil hie • 10. dondatrub 11. .i. intan aspersan tanaise atrebthar and 3°

1. acht ropat mini tertpersin

!• i-6' *^^ ^^6 P^*"^ ^^ possession. 2. i.e. they distinguish gender like nouns adjective. 3. i.e. it is not this that he asks here : why are they derived from plural cases? but it is the sense of plurality of possession that is in them, why was not a possessive pronoun invented to 35 express it in the singular 1 i. to complete their sense. 5. the word. G. i.e. there will be two anaphoras there in that case if there be an article and a pronoun there : which however is not needed. 7. i.e. they make a pronoun out of their article indeed. 8. i.e. the origin of taking place, i.e. because it is they that take their places. 9. i.e. a 40 possessive with an article there is here. 10. to the possession. 11. i.e. when it is the second person that is possessed there.

1. provided that the third persons are diflferent. ^{[10] [11] [12]} [ 193 ]ipsa in se agit' per reciprocationem...sed etiam cum ipsa agit' et sic alia in ipsam^-', id est cum retransit quae* dicitur^.. P- I99b

Personae pronominum sunt tres, prima, secunda, tertia. Prima^ est, cum ipsa, quae loquitur, de se pronuntiat ; secunda, cum de ea, 5 ad quam directo sermone loquitur; tertia, cum de ea, quae nee loquitur nee ad se directum accipit sermonem. Nam^ si dicamus^ prima est, quae loquitur, potest nihil de se loqui'> ^ sed de secunda" uel tertia, et fit dubitatio: similiter de secunda si dicamus, ad quam loquitur, potest intellegi et ad primam et ad tertiam*: nam locutio lo ipsa pertinet non solum ad secundam, sed etiam ad primam et ad tertiam ; de tertia quoque si dicamus de qua loquitur^ commune inuenitur trium personarum : nam et de prima et de secunda et de tertia loquitur^". Melius igitur Appollonius. . .praepossitis personarum difinitionibus" est usus.

Quid igitur^^ quod multi simul loquentes dicunt, 'nos fecimus'? (i. p. 585) ...unusquisque pars est totius^^..

2. A. aggnim feisne hnmefolngai cesad fuiri 3. .1. /or nach^. 199 a. naile 4. .i. intesi 0. .i. Giiiid sem/or^ nach naile hinunn 7 'continued gniid side conimmoliigai side cesad fairi sidi • -

1. .i. gnim doneuch forrochongart • cesad doneuch /orrorcongrad'^ - P. 199b gnim iarum dondi dodechuid cesad dondi cosatiiidches • 2. .i. herchoiViud cetnae persine 3. .i. is airi ite innafir erchoilte inso do biur • nam reliqua 4. .i. 7nad he hercJioilmd cetne persine insin .i. conibbe- dese • and • 5. nil de se loqui .i. conicsom hisuidiv nad 25 labrathar dese*^ sech nach per sin indsainriuth • " 6. .i. ni labrathar difeisne amaX sodain • 7. .i. mani be directo sermone and isinderb iarum in prima nodlabrathar i tertia 8. .i. iscoitchen doib huili 9. .i. maded nammd no bed isind herchdiliud 10. .1. cetna persan di feisin 11. .. huanaib herchoiltib toisechaib 30 12. cerricc 13. innasochuide

2. i.e. its own action causes passion on it. 3. i.e. on some other. P- 199 a 4. i.e. into it. 5. i.e. it acts on some other, and* this (other) acts so <^ontinued as to cause passion on it.

1. i.e. action to him who has ordered : passion to him that has been P. 199 b 35 ordered : action, then, to him who has come : passion to him who has been come to. 2. i.e. a definition of the first person. 3. i.e. therefore these are the true definitions that I give, nam etc. 4. i.e. if that be the definition of the first person, i.e. that de se be not there. 5. i.e. it is able here not to speak de se rather than any person 40 especially. 6. i.e. it speaks not of itself in that case. 7. i.e. if directo sermone be not there, it is uncertain then whether prima says it or tertia. 8. i.e. it is common to them all. 9. i.e. if that alone were in the definition. 10. i.e. the first person of itself. 11. i.e. (made use) of the first definitions. 13. of the multitude. ^{[13] [14] [15] [16] [17]} [ 194 ]p. 200a ...ipsa positio prima nominum non ad aliquem, sed de aliquo habet locutionem ...prima enim et secunda,. nisi figurate, adiunctione nominis non egent, cum et substantiam et qualitatem tam suam ipse qui* loquitur, quam eius, ad quem praesens prae- sentem loquitur, uidetur scire uel aspicere^ 5

Cum igitur omnia pronomina...sint quindecim, alia omnia mobilia sunt*, id est ex masculinis feminina et neutra faciunt, absque tribus primitiuis primae et secundae personae, 'ego' et 'tu,' in quibus demonstration ipsa secum genus ostendit^ et 'sui,' quod cum sit relatiuum, . . tam genus quam numerum non uocis discretione®, sed lo priore cognitione" subicit. Relatio* enim est** cognitionis ante latae* repraesentatio... Quodsi quis dicat: 'cur ergo etiam 'is,' cum sit semper relatiuum, non est commune trium generum?' respondemus" quod 'sui, sibi, se a se,' non solum" relationis causa, quod supra diximus^^ sed etiam ipsius termiuationis singulorum casuum^*, qui is consimiles sunt primae et secundae, hoc habuit, ut confundat genera. Quomodo enim Graeci per tres personas primitiuorum obliquos casus similiter habent terminantes", qui et communes sunt omnium generum ; ^ifiov aov ov, ifiol aoi 61, ijxe ae e, sic nos quoque auctoritatem illorum in plerisque^® secuti per tres personas habemus ao pronomina similiter terminantia per obliquos casus et omnis

1- -i- combed secunda, 2. .i. isairi niaidlicnigetar anmmae • reliqua 3. .i. cenmithd nostras 7 uestras 7 ego 7 tu 7 sui • 4. incinniud innapersine 5. .i. lasinfoilsigud 6. .i. ni ofoilsigud suin 7 gotho 7. .i. ond annimaiinm forsamhi sliucht^ • 1^ 8. .i. intatdf'cud fit hism • 9. .i. ind anmma remthdrcidi Ham 10. med inso afrecre .i. (uod reliqua 11. .i. nihed amit as coitchen araccuis indattaircedo 12. .i. intatarcud^ hisin 13. .i. cosmaili tuisil ■ sui • frituisliu ego 7 tu • iU tra indi accuis insin arndid coitchen trechenelce • sui • 14. .i. cosmaili angenitne 30 atriur- 7 atobarthidi in • i • 7 reliqua 15. cenmithd inna hisiv

1- i-6- it would be secunda (positio). 2. i.e. 'tis therefore they need not a noun, etc. 3. i.e. except nostras and uestras and ego and tu and sui. 4. the definition of the person. 5. i.e. with the demon- 35 stration. 6. i.e. not by demonstration of sound and voice. 7. i.e. by the noun which it follows. 8. i.e. the anaphora that there is in sui. 9. i.e. of the noun previously brought forward. 10. this is the answer to it, i.e. quod etc. 11. i.e. not only is it common because of the anaphora. 12. i.e. that anaphora. 13. i.e. the 40 cases of sui are like the cases of ego and tu : those then are the two causes why sui is common trigeneric. 14. i.e. the genitives of the three are alike, and their datives in i, etc. 15. besides these. ^{[18] [19] [20] [21] [22]} [ 195 ]communia generis. M. Cato in legis Meuiae* suasione: 'rex P. 200b Seleucus arma nostratia^ facit.' Plautus in Sticho": (i- P- 587)

Ergo oratores populi summates^ uiri

Summi accubent, ego infimatis infimus,

pro ' infimas'.'

Necesse est autem omnia pronomina habere trea genera uel in una eademque uoce confusa uel in diuersis distincta terminationibus ideo, quia pro uniuscuiusque rei* propriis accipiuntur nominibus, quae tam in masculinis quam in t'emininis quam in neutris in- lo ueniuntur generibus, quae in pronominibus quoque necesse est ostendi', sen demonstratione® seu relatione.

...sermo inter mares et feminas exercetur quorum sunt priraae et secundae personae id est a quibus profertur et ad quos dirigitnr loquela'... ...possunt aequidem etiam hominum inueniri noraina

• 5 neutri generis^... ...deriuatiua pronomina... 'meus, tuus, suus, (i. p. 588)

noster, uester, nostras, uestras,' alterius sunt generis intrinsecus, hoc est communis trium generum, in quo possessor ostenditur, et alterius extrinsecus, hoc est mobilis, in quo possesio denuntiatur,

1. hilar nostrate 2. huasail 3. .i. dothaidbsin indi" as P. 200b ao infimatis romhoi apwc? ueteres taresi irxdi as infimas -^i^e hodie • 4. each oinfolaid 5. huare nengraicigetar pronomina. anman each folaid ■ 6. I'obo opvonoihneih^ foilsigdde phersin frecndairc 7. .i. is etarru biid immacaldaim 8. .i. archuit suin 9. al- leith aitrebthado 10. Gaibit inna -pronomina. aittrebthacha engraic «5 anmce dilis indaitrebthado ar intan asrhbiursa meus engraicigidir insin mo ainm diles 7 nomrela 7 nometargnigedar • oaich deicen monomen diles doeipirt alleith...ind{ aitreba extrinsecus uero .i. arrainn ind{i at)trebthar ndo a(caldaim) . . {en)gracaigedar . . div . 7 is aicn{ed en)gracaiged .i. mui*' .i asbeir sem is g 30 anm,maim foir do atr as ret las • -^ 11. alleith indi atreba

1. plural of nostrate. 3. i.e. to shew that infimatis was (used) P. 200b by the ancients instead of infimas which is (in use) to day. 4. of every single substance. 5. because pronouns take the place of nouns 35 of every substance. 6. either by pronouns which demonstrate a present person. 7. i.e. 'tis between them is conversation. 8. i.e. as regards sound. 9. on the part of the possessor. 10. the possessive pronouns take the place of the proper name of the possessor, for when I say meus that takes the place of my proper name, and mani- 40 fests me and signifies me, so that it is unnecessary to say mj' proper name 11. on the part of him that possesses. ^{[23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28]} [ 196 ]quod terminatione consequent! discemitur. . , Et sciendum, quod intrinsecus proprii loco funguntur, extrinsecus uero magis appel- latiui^l

. ..in nominibus possessiuis et quae a propriis deriuantur, infinitae" possunt intellegi possessiones, nisi adiectione nominis alicuius dis- 5 P. 201a cernantur, ut 'tilius mens/ 'Telamonius" natus^',' 'Euandrius ensis/ et uide, quod appellatiua magis asciscunt, quae communis* sunt qualitatis^ Tam autem possesiua pronomina quam nomina in genetiuum primitiuorum resoluuntur^.

Commune habent possessiua pronomina cum possessiuis no- 10 minibus...; non commune, quod pronomina possessiua omnis sunt communia possessoris, nomina possessiua non omnis'... (i. p. 589) Dubitatur numerus possessoris in nominibus" possessiuis, quae ab appelatiuis deriuantur... in pronominibus uero non, quia tam per siugularem quam per pluralem numerum* possitiones sunt, excepto 15 'suns'...

...aut enim simplicia sunt omnia pronomina, aut composita. Simplicia" sunt omnia alia per nominatiuos, trea tantum com- ponuntur...'iste' 'is' 'hie' Componuntur igitur 'iste' et 'hie' secum', ut 'istic', istaec, istoc'... Eius femininum^ 'eadem,' neutrum' 20 'idem' i correpta... In neutro" tamen praeterea geminatur compositio : dicimus enim 'identidem",' id est 'idem et idem'.., P. 201b Itaque regula^ exigit per duas i uel per e et i tam nominatiuum

12. alleith atraib 13. .i. infinitse .i. is ecrichthe anatrab 7 7ii fintar cid attrehthar and conducthar nomen fris 14 possesmz^w .i. telamonde .i. telamonis filius 15. .i. in mace

1. .i. inna inne doacaldmaiche son 2. tresingenitin inchetnidi reltair int intsliucht ind aitrehthaig • - 3. ishe'^ se sis andechor 4. .i. isnectar de his and 5. .i. nigndth cAomsuidigud* inainmnidih pronomen^ acht inna tri dombeirsom, 6. .i. lea 30 7. .i. inti siu 8. atd dm 9. ata dano 10. .i. cid com- suidigthe idem indneutair consuidigther camaiph iterum 11. ed nonden

1. deg indainmnedo Ao cAomsuidigud

12. on the part of possession. 13. i.e. the possession is indefinite, and what is possessed there is not discovered until a name is put to it. 14. i.e. a possession, i.e. Telamonian, i.e. Telamon's son. 15. i.e. the son.

1. i.e. of the appellative quality. 2. through the genitive of the primitive the meaning of the possessive is manifested. 3. this below is their diiTerence. 4. i.e. it is one of the two that is there. 5. i.e. composition in the nominatives of pronouns is unusual save the three which he gives. 8. there is indeed. 9. there is moreover. 10, i.e. though the idem of the neuter is compounded, yet it is com- pounded again.

1, because of the nominative by composition. ^{[29] [30] [31] [32] [33]} [ 197 ]pluralem masculini quani datiuos et ablatiuos omnium pluralium scribi, id est 'iidem' uel 'eidem' et 'iisdem' uel 'eisdem.' luuenalis :

dat eisdem ferre cenaedis^

- Solent autem auctores etiam per synaerisin*' unam i ponere pro duabus... 'Iste' uero et 'hie' non componitur nisi per eos casus, qui in c desinunt, absque datiuo^..per pluralem uero nullum nisi nominatiuum neutri, qui est et accusatiuus. Nam hie solus in plurali numero c habet finalem', ut 'hie istic'...qui semper singularera lo sequitur feminini®. Quidam tamen haec quoque per metaplasmum^'^ finis* quam {per} compositionem proferri confirmant^". Vnde nee aspirationem seruant", quomodo nee 'illic illaec^'^'; quod'* autem composita seruant'*, ostendunt aduerbia 'adhuc' et 'abhinc.' Nam 'egomef' et cetera, quibus adiungitur 'met,' magis per por- 15 rectionem'* uel assumptionem"...solent proferri. Et primae quidem (i. p. 591) personae omnibus adiungitur casibus : 'egomet, meimet, mihimet, memet,' secundae uero personae obliquis solis'^ ut 'tuimet, tibimet.' ...si dicamus 'tumet'®.' ...'tutS^' 'tutgmet^^'... Vnde

2. .i. donaib cenelaibsin 3. trithobce 4. .i. ni cowsuidigud P. 201 b 70 fri tobarthid 5. .i. indainmnid hilsav wewtair ishe aoenur arecar contmwed hi ' c ' 6. .i. is fornoin^ ti deilb biit semper 7. .i. trefoxal • e • 8, .i. isticce" .i./oroa;lad -e • as 9. .1. indforcinn 10. A. issi aciallsom ata comsuidigthi ni diltai dano incetbuid nisiu 11. in medio olseatsom 12. .i. cruth nandat cAomsuidigthi sidi leo 7 25 nddtechta.t tinfed 13. ol 14. .i. is folliis isnaib dobriathrsiib so ata comsuidigthi quia seruant aspira^io//em 15. .i. is fochetbuid alanaile beos inso 7 non dicit aliam regulam quia sibi placet 16. .i. treeiscsin .i. condibsia de iudrann 17. .i. tre airitin arfdim tormag /air 18. cenmd^ innainmnid^ 19. dtumet 30 20. ost'A 21. ost'A

2. i.e. to those kinds. 3. i.e. it is not composition with the dative, p. 201b 4. i.e. the nominative plural neuter, this alone is found (ending) in c. continued 6. 'tis according to one paradigm they are always (declined). 7. i.e. by removing e. 8. i.e. isticce, i.e. e has been removed from it. 9. i.e. 35 of the termination. 10. i.e. this is their idea, that they are compounds. Now he (Priscian) does not deny this opinion. 11. in medio say they. 12. i.e. as they are not compounds in their opinion and have no aspira- tion. 14. i.e. in these adverbs (adhuc, ab-hinc) it is clear that they are compounds, because they keep the aspiration. 15. i.e. this, further, 40 is according to the opinion of others, et etc. 16. i.e. by porrection, i.e. that the part of speech may be the longer. 17. i.e. by an assump)- tion it takes an addition upon it. 18. except the nominative. ^{[34] [35] [36] [37] [38]} [ 198 ]p. 202a neque in alio casu^ eandem 'te' syllabae adiectionem inuenies. Nee non pluralis numeri additur 'met' casibus aliis absque genitiuo^...

'Pte' quoque ablatiuum trium posesiuorum pronominum inuenio asciscere^: 'meapte, tuapte, suapte'...

Sciendum tamen, quod 'met' et 'te' adduntur supra dictis 5 pronominibus uel discretionis causa* plerunque uel significantiae", ut Terentius :

(i. p. 592) Egomet® rapui,

intelligimus enim ' et ego et non alius'.'

P. 202b Haec igitur, hoc est 'met te pte ce' adiectiones esse ipse sensus^ lo (i. p. 593) arguit, qui nullus in his separatis potest inueniri^ : nihil enim compositum diuiditur, quod non cum separetur, quamuis sit ex corruptis, tamen haec eadem corrupta ab integris esse ostendit'... Ergo ' egomet, tute, suapte, huiusce ' minime dicenda sunt com- posita, quia additio, si separetur, nihil significare possit per se. ^5

(i. p. 594) .. aduerbia personas simul et numeros et casus in eodem habere non possunt^ Sunt enim quaedam personas significantia tantum, ...quaedam casus uidentur certos nominum habere'... Adeo autem non est idem dicere 'ecce' et 'eccum,' quod® 'ecce^' aduerbium

P. 202 a 1. .i. cenmithd innainmnid .i. tv _ 2. ar nitormagar frisuidi 20 3. .i. ceni tahair sem desimrecht acht arfemen tantura i 4. .i. do dechrugud persine frialaili 5. .i. dofoirhdet ni cenid ar c^omsuidigthib adrimter inna fortormach so .1. cinnit 7 dofoirndet dechrogod innapersine fri alaili • ^ 6. .. ni nach aile 7. .i. asmme moinur aridrochell • ar mad ego nammd asbevad hes nobed 25 nachaile leis oc inndairchellad amsd sodain •

P. 202 b 1. .i. fil indib 2. .i. nitechtat sens iarna netarscarad 3. .i. cid druailnide rhbes chechtar indarann mnc^omsuidigthiu adcuireddar doldni fritaidbech inchomsuidigthi sin • ivmafortdrmach ucut tmmurgu ni inchoisget sidi ni iarna mbrith onaib rannaib 3° frismbiat 4. .i, sech atd son in svp?"adictis 5. .i. ar c^osmailius tarmorcin 6. .i. ol 7. .i. as ecce

P. 202a 1. i.e. besides the nominative, tu. 2. for it is not added to this. 3. i.e. though he gives no example save only for the feminine. 4. i.e. to distinguish (one) person from another. 5. i.e. they signify 35 somewhat, though these additions are not reckoned as compounds, that is, they define and signify the distinction of the (one) person from another. 6. i.e. it is no other. 7. i.e. that it is I alone who have taken it away; for if he had said ego only, perchance another might have been with him at the taking away in that case. 4°

P. 202b 1. i.e. which is in them. 2. i.e. they have no meaning after their separation. 3. i.e. though each of the two parts in the com- pound be corrupt, they return to completeness at the breaking up of that compound. Yon increments, however, they do not signify anything after being taken from the parts of speech with which they are. 4, i.e. but 45 that is in the supradicta. 5. i.e. for similarity of termination. [ 199 ]licet tam mares quam feminas et unum et* plures demoiistrantibus dicere...

'Mecum' autem et 'tecum, secum, nobiscum, uobiscura/ per anastrophen* cum pronomine praepositio est. Vnde et casus, qui P. 203 a 5 seruiunt praepositioni 'cum' id est ablatiui, in utroque numero trium personarum componuntur'^;...sic 'cum me' et 'mecum.' Nam antiquissimi utrumque dicebant^ sed in plurali primae personae cacenphati causa* solebaut per anastrophen dicere 'nobiscum' pro 'cum nobis.' Itaque propter hoc reliquaruni quoque personarum lo ablatiuos similiter" praepostere proferre coeperunt teste... Cicerone, qui de oratore his utitur uerbis : 'noluimus 'cum me' et 'cum te' dicere, ne eadem computatione adiungendum esset 'cum nobis^' sed potius 'mecum' et 'tecum* et 'nobiscum' diximus, 'cum' prae- positione, quae facit obscenum'^, assidue postposita.' Antiqui tamen (r. p. 595) 15 absque obseruatione* naturali ordine^ haec protulisse inueniuntur. Nulla tamen monosyllaba praepositio anastrophen patitur nisi ea^" fortassis" ideo enclitici uice" fungitur, quia enclitica monosyllaba^^ sunt: 'que, ue, ne.'

Nee mirum, supra dicta pronomina unius causa idem pati, cum 20 in aliis quoque quibusdam structuris^' haec eadem"'^* sola communes

8. .i. tre impuud .i. tucad atosuch fodiu(d) P- 202b

1. .i. as cum 2. .i. air it comsuidigthi aliter is comfuirmud ^°"**""«<^ forgnusa iantum 7 ni comsuidigud 3. .i. cum me 7 mecum .i. * * nobith leo cum in principio 7 in fine 4. inna aisndisen do- is chuirde .i. dochrud leo • n • indiad • ra • o. fri nobiscum 6. arna derṅmis cum nobis air dian denmis cum me · dogenmis dano cum nobis 7. .i. mad arthosuch beid 8. cen imcabdil cacenfati 7 cen imcabdil cum nobis do epirt 9. remsuidigud inna remthechtas 10. .i. combad airi^nobeth cu7n in fine in supradictis 10 ar choibnius frisnacovaaccomlasa 11. .i. inchomaccomuil foac- covaailtig 12. .i. fona 13. imnwgnamib 14, 15. .i. uerba as6eir sis i haec eade??i .i. dligeda inchoitchennsa »

8. by anastrophe, i.e. its beginning has been put at the end. P. 202b

2. i.e. for they are compounds. Aliter it is a collocation of form continued 35 only, and not composition. 3. they used to have cum (both) at the ^- ^^^* beginning and at the end. 4. of the disagreeable pronunciation : i.e. n after m they deemed disagreeable. 5. to nobiscum. 6. that we might not make cum nobis: for if we made cum me, we should then make cum nobis. 7. i.e. if it should be as the beginning. 8. with- 40 out shunning cacophony and without shunning to say cum nobis. 9. the preposition in its anteposition. 10. i.e. it would be therefore that cum is in fine in the words aforesaid, on account of its affinity to these conjunctions. 11. i.e. of the subjunctive conjunction. 12. i.e. according to the. 14, 15. i.e. the verbs which he mentions below, or 45 hciec eadem, i.e. the laws of the community. ^{[39] [40] [41]} [ 200 ]habent quasdarn proprietates. 'Interest"' et 'refert' genitiuo sclent adiungi omnium casualium absque supra dictis^" quinque pronomin- ibus, pro quorum genitiuis ablatiuos ponimus possessiuorum, ut 'interest' et 'refert mea'... 'Cuia' quoque infiniti possessiuum cum supra dictis uerbis pro genitiuo primitiui ponitur. Cicero pro 5 Vareno: 'ea caedes si potissimum crimini* datur, detur ei, cuia^^ interfuit,..' cuius gentile^® non solum 'cuias,' sed etiam 'cuiatis' pro- ferebant coramuni genere. Plautus :

Quid sit, cuiatis, unde sit, ne passeris^^.

Sed si quem forte tangit, quod in fine sit 'cum' praepositio^', in lo compositione autem plus dicatur ea pars ualere, quae in fine fit^, sciat, quod^^ coniunctiones et praepositiones et aduerbia uim nominum uel pronominum ante se positorum in compositione non motant^^ ut ...'totidem^^ idem, tantundem,' cuius genitiuus solus ex obliquis inuenitur, 'tantidem^^'...quod quamuis uideatur pro 'eiusdem' poni^, 15 tamen significat quantitatem, quae in pronomine esse minime potest, quod substantiam solam... significat 'Tantundem' ergo nihil aliud significat nisi relationem et similitudinem quantitatis, quod etiam si posset pro 'idem' accipi, non tamen iam et pronomen esset^

16. it he inso inna briathra, atd coitchennas tra. itar indi hrethir 20 continued so iniiHTCiognoxu. 17. ni /ognat friangenitnesidi" 18. isadi^ l ahlatiuus .i. darorbai .i. is di in cin quasi cuius i ahlatiuus pro geni^i'ao ut supradicti • 19. isa immchomairsnech ceniuilsidi indi as quis 20. .i. inpaseir .i. indecheneul paseir 21. ascuw 22. isdi oetet ind rann bis hitossuch 23. cesued insin asgndth 25 24. inrandatid 25. tot 7 demum dluthe chovisuidigtheo tuicc • i • nind 26. inna oenamdite 27. tarMssi^ ezwsdem 7 ni bi seni son wanurgu calldic

P. 203 b 1. apronomen asberr eiusdem. 7 each ipronomen dano chene is folud persine inchosig 2. nibad pronomen airi 3°

P. 203 a continued P. 203b 16. these are the verbs. There is a community then between these two verbs in construction. 17. they are not construed with their genitives. 18. it is his, or an ablative, i.e. it has come to him, i.e. his is the crime quasi etc. 19. it is the gentile interrogative of quis. 20. of the passer, i.e. is it of the genus of the passer 1 22. the part 35 of speech that is at the beginning is in subjection to it. 23. though that is usual. 24. as respects parts (of speech). 25. from tot and demum: closeness of composition has put the i into it. 26. of the same size. 27. in place of eiusdem, and yet, however, that is not. 1. the pronoun eiusdem and every pronoun besides, 'tis the substance 40 of a person that it signifies. 2. it would not therefore be a pronoun. ^{[42] [43] [44] [45] [46]} [ 201 ]Non enim id, quod pro' aliquo accipitur, omnimodo' etiam ex eadem specie* accipiendum est.

Componuntur nomina cum pronominibus, ut 'huiusmodi*, istius- modi, huiuscemodi'...et sunt omnia nomina, etiam quae** in fine 5 pronomen habuerint : cum enim qualitatem significant, pronomina esse non possunt®. ...quos enim casus separata per appositionem^ habere exigebat structura, eos in compositione seruare*. Numerus pronominibus accidit,.. Sola enim declinabilia pos- sunt habere ex hisdem uocibus tam singulareni numerum quam lopluralem', id est quae sub personas finitas cadere soleiit"... Quamuis igitur aduerbia sunt quaedam numerorum", tamen non (i. p. 597) ex eadem uoce singularem et pluralem significant^- nee ad personas uel singulas singularem uel plures pluralem, quomodo supra dictae partes, reddunt numeros... Et intrinsecus^ quidem eundem P. 204a 15 habent, quem primitiiia eorum, extrinsecus autem pro terminationis forma singularem" et pluralem: 'mens mei, noster nostri.' Vnde 'suus,' quia et primitiuum eius utriusque est numeri commune, id quoque intrinsecus^ utriusque est numeri commune tam per singu-

3. onach mud etir s6n 6 each mud .i. ni ocachmljd isairiti- • p. 203 b 20 4. .i. ond oen ranndato s6n .i. ond dengue randatad j folid air is '^°^^^^^^^'^ folud persine dofoirde eiMsdem intamail mdte twimurgu dofoirnde tantundem • 5. prono?new hifoirciunn indib robu samlid dano roboi modi huius^ hitosuch 7 reliqua .i. Y>ronornen indib fodeud 6. .i. it anm,an asmbiur diib nitat prono7?ima 7. trechomaisndis 25 8. ^alite?' quos exige in compositione .i. orop samlid beit in compositione^ amail rombatar hicomaisndis quos .i. easels*, exigebat 9. .i. odib innon infogor hitar hothad 7 hilax air is hd infogur c6tna filter and 10. ataat persin in nomine 7 in paxticipio ceto ecintecha 11. dofoirdet draim 12. .i. conoSn ^^guth nofilte amal filter ainm

1. alleith aittrebthado 2. arainn aittrebthado P. 204a

3. that is, in any way at all, or in every way, i.e. not in every way P. 203b is it to be accepted. 4. i.e. from the same particularity, i.e. from the <^ontinued same kind of particularity and substance, for 'tis the substance of a 35 person that eiusdem denotes : ('tis) the similitude of quantity, however, that tantundem denotes. 5. a pronoun at the end in them. It was thus then that modi huius was in the beginning etc., i.e. a pronoun in them at the end. 6. i.e. it is nouns which I call them, not pronouns. 8. ...so that thus they maybe in composition as they were in apposition. 40 9. i.e. so that the sound be the same in both singular and plural, for it is the same sound that is inflected there. 10. there are persons in the noun and in the participle, though they are infinite. 11. which signify number. 12. i.e. with one sound to be inflected as a noun is inflected.

1. from the side of the possessor. 2. from the part of the P. 204a possessor.

^{[47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53]} [ 202 ]larem quam pluralem declinationem ; dicimus enim 'suus illius**' ' suus* illorurn.'

(ii. p. 1) Lib. XIII. . . . uocatiuus . . . proprius est secundae ... scilicet ad quam sernio rectus' dirigitur. Vnde nomina quoqiie et participia in uocatiuo casu secundae personae sunt®... Itaque etiam in 5 appellatiuis nominibus ipsa demonstratione secundae personae pro- priorum loco fungi uidentur in eo casu", ut si dicam ' grammatice/ neminem alium significo nisi eum ad quem loquor^ Primae P. 204b quoque personae possessiuum...uocatiuura quoque propter secundam assumit personam, cum ad earn dirigatur^ Terentius.,.in eunocho... 10

o mea Thais,

Meum sabium'^^

(11. p. 2) ' Nostras ' quoque gentile eundem habet nominatiuum et uoca- tiunm^

Sunt igitur alia monoptota...alia triptota, ut ' sui, sibi, se^'... 15 Nam pronomina exaptota non inueniuntur'... Terentius uoca- tiuum in eunocho :

o mea tu'.

Nee in nominibus tamen hoc inuenias nisi tribus, quae nomi- natiuum in us et genitiuum in ius terminantia secundum quorun- ^o dam pronominum declinationem flectuntur^ ...'ullus, nullus, alius' uocatiuos habere non possunt*...

(11. p. 3) ...Dorice^ et aov^^" et 0^9" dici solet. In 01/9 autem desinens genitiuus solet apud nos in is diffiniri^^ ... ... huiuscemodi P. 205a genitiuus^'... Vnde Romani sextum casum assumpserunt^ In 25 plurali uero numero, quia tertia persona, id est ' sui,' tam singularis

P. 204 a continued P. 204 b P. 205 a .3. di .i. UMuB 4. [in marg.] inna di'^ .i. fihus reliqua Lib. XIII 5. acaldam hifrecndairc 6. in immfognam 7. .i. gaibit engraic anmmce dilis isintuisiulsin 8. .i. ciaso doacaldmach aifi grammatice 30

1. comlahridi 2. amoaine .1. amochland ^ro^r'ium 3. .1. nostras dano 4. delha tuisel 5. is airi nistabor 6. athvsv 7. .i. file fordivll^ pronominis 7 in aliis c^ano 8. .i. is airi nis tabor 9. indoracdid insin 10. .i. tis 11. sis 12. ut mis • tis 13. sis 35

1. .i. huare rombdi lagrecu angnce ut an^e dixit

P. 204 a 5- allocution in the present (face to face). 6. in construction. continued 7. i.e. they take the place of a proper name in that case. 8. though grammatice is appellative.

P. 204b 1- allocutive. 2. O my delight, i.e. O my child. Or a proper 40 name. 3. i.e. nostrds also (is the vocative). 4. forms of cases. 6. therefore I do not give them. 6. O thou. 7. i.e. which are (inflected) according to the pronominal declension and in others also. 8. i.e. therefore I do not give them. 9. that is in the Doric fashion (Dorice). 45

P. 205a 1. i.e. because the Greeks had the form, as he said before. ^{[54] [55] [56] [57]} [ 203 ]communis est quam pluralis numeri, prima et secunda sibi con- gruunt'... Quod igitur habent nominum, id est casus et genera, (n. p. 4) in fine ostendunt ; quod uero uerborum, in principalibus syllabis uitandae causa confusionis'.

5 In omnibus autem concidentibus* hoc sciendum, quod structura uel ordinatio orationis dubitationem repellit.

Quaeritur etiani illud, cur,...apud Latinos 'sui' et nominatiuo deficit et pluralia separatim non habuit ? Ergo iure deficit, ne P. 205b dubitationem faceret^ sicut et ' sis ' in genitiuo pro ' sui.' Omnia 10 enim pluralia apud Graecos in ot* desinentia mutant eam in i, (u .p. 5) AaTLvoi^ 'Latini,' sic ol" 'hi.' ...unde aspirationem quoque ubi- que seruauit*, quae est et in Graecis...pronominibus. Hoc tamen illterest^ quod tertia persona primitiui apud Graecos relatiua est...

...'hicce haecce hocce.' Vnde uocali quoque sequente ablata per 15 synaloepham, manentibus duabus c solebant producere ' hocc'^^' (n. p. 6) Vnde Virgilius in II Aeneidos:

Hocc" erat alma parens...

sed scriptorum neglegentia praetermisit unam c".

...quomodo et apud Graecos avrrj et ovto<; vel 09 et ^^.. Ilia P. 206a 10 enim quae quibusdam uisa est ratio non adeo firma uidetur, ideo in (n. p. 7) um facere neutrum^, quia in us desinit masculinum. Nam alius, cum in us terminetur, neutrum tamen 'aliud' fecit'.

' Alis^ ' quoque pro ' alius ' antiquissimi protulerunt. P 206b

'Quis' etiam communis esse generis putauerunt uetustissimi, (u. p, g) «5 sicut apud Graecos oo-Tt?^

2. .i. isairi nisnairmiin sidi^ quia reliqua 3. dodechvr p. 205 a accidentivm erhoTum 7 nominwxn quae pronomini accidvnt 4. si- continued milibus .i. otuitet hicosmailivs

1. inetarrogo son dm 2. .i. huare is ■ vi • in • i • oroscaiged P. 205b 30 and tantuva 7 ni comarscaiged • dasien • 3. .i. inter hie 7 agrec^ 4. ani as hoc 5. indala • c

1. alagr^c 2. .i. issed se an dliged 3. air ckeso in • us • P. 206 a conosna s6n ni in • um • dogni aneutur

1. .i. I'obdi do ainmnid 7 do genitin aipud vetystissimos 2. .i. P. 206b 35 gT4c indi as quis t qui

2. i.e. 'tis therefore I do not reckon them, because etc. 3. to dis- P. 205a tinguish the accidents of verbs etc. 4. i.e. which coincide in similarity, continued

1. in choosing between indeed. 2. i.e. since it is vi that has been P. 205b changed into i therein only and the rough breathing has not been changed. 40 3, i.e. between hie and its Greek. 4. that which is hoc (the word hoc). 5. one of the two cs.

1. the second Greek. 2. i.e. this is the rule. 3. for P. 206 a although this ends in -us it does not make its neuter in -um.

1. i.e. it stood for a nominative and for a genitive with the ancients. P. 206b 45 2. i.e. the Greek of quis or qui. ^{[58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63]} [ 204 ](ii. p. 9) ...ablatiuus quoque Don solum in o, sed etiam in i : 'a quo' uel P. 207a ' a qui ' et ' a qua ' uel * a qui^' Virgilius in XI :

Accam ex aequalibus unam,

Quicum partiri curas,

pro 'quacum^'

Nam datiuum et ablatiuum nunc quoque tam per is quam* per bus proferimus, 'quis' uel 'quibus^' Sciendum autem, quod 'qui,' quando pro interrogatiuo uel infinito, id est pro 'quis' ponitur, circumflectitur^ quando autem pro relatiuo, accuitur per se*, in lectione uero grauatur^. Similiter obliqui cassus generalem ac- lo centuum^ regulam seruant^ quando sunt infinita uel interrogatiua, quando uero relatiua, acuuntur" per se", idem*^ in lectione grauantur per omnes syllabas**.

(ii. p. 10) Quaeritur...an ' huius huic/ 'cuius cui,' ' eius ei' monosyllaba sint accipienda in datiuo, quod regula exigit^ et plerique poetarum 15 metris comprobant, ut Virgilius... in I georgicon :

Huic a stirpe pedes temo protentus in octo,

et ubique hoc seruat'". Vnde pluralis etiam datiuus et ablatiuus secundum analogiam in ius terminantinm genitiuum singularem . . . 'ei/ 'eis' uel 'iis,' ut *cui",' 'quis,' 'huic'... ...per dierisin^'^ 20 autem 'ei' et 'eis' inuenitur bisillabum...

P. 207 b Terentius in adelphis:

O mi Aeschine,

O mi germane.

Adeo autem masculini est uocatiuus possessiui, et non genitiuus 25

P. 206b 3. dofoxa,d femin

continued ^ j fQ^,f}i(^g{ foxlada femin 2. .i. isairi nithabur^ ladligeda arside reliqua 3. A. frisalethar rhbis qui ■ archintech - 4. .1. quando fit solus ut qui .i. inti sin 5. .i, med a aicnedsom son • 6. .i. ind aiccend bias forsindainmnid is4 bias forsnaib camthuisiih 3° .i. circvnflexMS 7. intan mbite anoinur 8. .i. armad hisuidiv isgraif bis foraib som 9. .i. beta noin syllabcha 10. .i. oinsyllabche hi • cvi 7 hvic • 11. analach 12. tre indlach

P. 206b 3. as an ablative feminine. 35

continued -^ ^ p jj^ place of an ablative feminine. 2. i.e. therefore I do P. 207a j^Qj. g^^g -^ with the rules of the ancients etc. 3. i.e. he expects *that qui is (used) for the definite. 5. i.e. this is its nature. 6. i.e. the accent which will be on the nominative is that which will be on the oblique cases, viz. a circumflex. 7. when they are alone. 8. i.e. 40 for if it be in this (in lectione) the grave is upon them. 9. i.e. that they shall be monosyllabic. 10. i.e. monosyllabism in cui and huic. 11, analogy. 12. by diaeresis. ^{[64] [65] [66] [67] [68] [69]} [ 205 ]uel datiuus primitiui per sinagopam, quod quibusdara uidetur quod Dunquam uocatiue positum feininino uel neutro adiungiturl

' O ' non esse pronomen, multis modis ostenditur. Nam ex quo sit nominatiuo'? 'Tu' enim, quod est secundae personae, eundem 5 habet nominatiuum et uocatiuum, qui assumit ' o,' ut ' 6 tCi*.'

Non est igitur pronomen : nee articulus uero, cum semper in demonstratione' ponitur * o,' quae contraria est relationi, quam arti- culus significat. Delude® articulum Romani non habentl ' Qui*' quoque', oaxKi, signification e interpretationis uidetur habere arti- lo culum subiunctiuum, simplex tamen nomen est apud Latinos, quo- (n. p. 12) modo phirima quoque alia inueniuntur apud nos simplicia, quae apud Graecos coraposita sunt, ut ' felix ' euTu;^7;9...et alia mille'". Non tamen ideo significationem Graecam attendentes debemus ea com- posita dicere uel quae ex contrario inueniuntur simplicia apud illos, 15 apud nos composita", ut 'incestus' /ji€/jLov/jL/j,€vo<;^^' . . Sine dubio igitur^' 'o' aduerbium est uocandi et optandi"...

1. .1. asngenitiv i ^o6arthid 2. .1. nibad samlaid son mad P. 207b onchetnidiu nobed ar nobiad frifemen 7 7ieutaT arnaH sodin • - 3. .i. air do ainmnid diitnigidir .i. 7nasu ipronomen .i. ni fil^ 4. .i. da «o do menad nech abuith • tu • air istogarthid • do • nifir 5. .i. hi- togarmim frecndairc 6. innnadiad 7. .i. accuis aile onach articol • o • lalaitn6ri 8. .i. as oaTi^ 9. Qui quoque reliqua .i. uidetur • qui • ha6ere axticulum subiunctiuum signijicatinne inter- pretationis .i. ocrt? .i. indi as • ocrrt? • reliqua .i. inni aetarcerta sidi «5 .i. xssi ind etarcdrt in son grecde .i. oinni inna eperta grecda doadbadar as cAomsuidigthe isingietc oari^ • diuit immurgu qui linni'^ 10. .i. corrid mill .i. foirbthe ar anfoirbthiu*^ reliqua 11. dt comswidigthi lagrecu ni ecen dunni beta comsuidigthi linn 12. son diuit insin 13. .i. o • siv 14. .i. o .i. afameinn 30 pro vtinam

1. 1.6. that it is a genitive or a dative. 2. i.e. this would not be p. 207b thus if it {mi) were from the primitive, for then it would be (used) with the feminine and neuter. 3. i.e. for from what nominative is it? i.e. if it is a pronoun, i.e. it is not. 4. i.e. if anyone thought that it (o) 35 was from tu^ since it is a vocative thereto, (this opinion) is false. 5. i.e. in present calling. 7. i.e. another cause so that o is not an article with the Latins, qui, i.e. oo-t«s seems to have a subjunctive article by its sense of interpretation, i.e. of oo-ns etc., that is, from the sense of its interpretation, i.e. this is the interpretation, the Greek word. From the ♦o sense of the Greek vocable ocrris is shewn to be a compound in the Greek. With us, however, qui is simple (uncompounded). 10. Le. up to a thousand, i.e. a perfect (number) for an imperfect one. 11. although they are compounds with the Greeks it is unnecessary for us that they should be compounds with us. 12. that is a simple (uncomjx)unded) 45 word. 13. o here. 14. would that! iox utinam. ^{[70] [71] [72] [73]} [ 206 ]p. 208a Nemo' enim recte dicit 'Appollonius ambulo^ Aristofanes am- bulas^'... Itaque loco tertiae personae melius nomen ponitur, et (II. p. 13) maxime si abest^ r.-.tiisi"»® uel praesens sit iuxta et demonstratiue hoc ipsum uolentes indicare dicamus ' hie ' uel ' iste/ uel longe uideatur et dicamus 'ille,' uel, si absit, quasi de iam cognito utamur 5 relatiuo ' is/ dicentes de quo iam nouimus aliquid uel locuti ante sumus'. Cum igitur in demonstratione sit prima et secunda persona, hoc autem nominis caret nominatiuus, iure ad tertiam retruditur personam^ Substantiuis autem et uocatiuis solis ideo adiunguntur uerbis et primae et secundae personae nominatiui nominum^... ^o

Cum igitur omnia quae sibimet coniunguntur in diuersis posita personis casualia, siue disiungantur sine copulentur, eundeni seruant casum, uocatiuus hoc solus seruare non potest^". ...caeteris uero casibus diuersas personas iungimus, quippe cum in omnibus illi inueniuntur personis". Ergo quando dicimus ' et ego et ille et tu,' i5 P. 208b sine dubio* nominatiuus est tu. Idque maxime dinoscitur^ in plurali numero... ...pronomina hisdem casibus adiunguntur in nomin- ibus" : * ego Virgilius '. . .' mei Virgilii ' . .

P. 208a 1. .i. is airi asbiur it tertiae qwando carent substanfmo • nemo enim reliqua 2. .i. manitormais ego • 3. .i. manitormais tv • 20 4. .i. huare nadmhi hifrecndairc indtertpersan semper ar is c6ir a^ronomen diainchoscsi mad frecndaiYC, • ^ 5. A. tertpersan 6, .i. Air mad frecndairc foilsigthech apronomen nirecar less ind anmmae amail sodsdr acht islour apronomen 7. .i. inti dianeprem • is • 8. .i. oid tertpersan nominatiuus nommis 9. .i. is doih anoinur 25 adcomaltar^ intan incosaig priina,m y securidsim 10. A. forcomdtas 7 accomol ind ointvisil ipersanaib ecsamlib acht isinoin persin atacomla vt inante dicit • 1 1 . .i. is coitchen dosvidib buith hicacha persanaib nicummce 7 vocatiMw*

P. 208b 1. asnainmnid 2. .i. is hinon tuisel pronominis 7 nommis 30 is indaccomol

P. 208 a 1. i.e. therefore I say they are third persons when etc. 2. i.& unless thou add ego. 3. i.e. unless thou add tu. 4. i.e. since the third person is not always present, for it is meet that the pronoun should signify it, if it be present. 5. i.e. a third person. 6. i.e. for if 35 the pronoun be present demonstrative, there is no need of the noun in that case, but the pronoun is enough. 7. i.e. he of whom we say is. 8. i.e. so that the nominative of the noun is the third person. 9. i.e. to them alone it is joined when it signifies the first and second. 10. i.e. the conservation and junction of the one case in the various 40 persons, but it is in one person that it joins itself, as he says afterwards. 11. i.e. to them it is common to be in all persons, not the same as the vocative.

P. 208b 1. that it is a nominative. 2. i.e. the case of the pronoun and of the noun is the same in junction. 45 ^{[74] [75]} [ 207 ]Neque enim interrogatiua nomina...quae omnia carent demon- (n. p. 14) stratione, uocatiuos pollicentur'... ...pronominis 'tu*' uocatiui.

Illud etiam sciendum, quod omnia pronomina apud Latinos absoluta* sunt et tam praepositiua quam subiunctiua^ rectique 5 accentus^ id est opdoTovovfieva^, cum apud Graecos* sint quaedam inclinatiua, ut fiov, fioi, /^e^ 'ego dico, dico ego'...absoluta autem dicuntur, quae cum aliis sociari possint uel non ; nam dicendo 'ego dico ' possum et solus intellegi et cum alio®. Solet tamen ' met ' addita'" plerunque significantiam " uel discretionem'^ ostendere... lo ' egomet/ ego et non alius. Nee non etiam ' ipse ego ' uel ' egomet ipse".'

• Sui"' solum apud Latinos reciprocum fit in eadem tertia

persona... id est quando ipse in se actum reflectit persona, ut eadeni sit et agens et patiens, potest significare kavrov'^ 'sui.' ...uetus- 15 tissimus omnium fere auctorum Homerus'^ simplicibus utitur pro compositis, ut e'/ie Xvaoixac^ pro ifiavrov^. (n- P- 15)

Nominatiuum autem ideo non habet hoc pronomen, id est ' sui P. 209a sibi se a se/ quia necesse est, quando to 'eauroO*' significat tam

3. nitairiig^rat .i. nisfil leo 4. astv 5. Absoluta .i. P- 208b 20 huatuasailcthecha^ huasaingnvis ar intan asTiihir so • ego dico t tv '^^" '" dicis nisluindiso hisuidiv nandeper nach aile it choimthecht • INtain trnmurgu asmbir siv • ego ipse t egomet issaingnuis duitso thoinur hisvidiv indepext 7 ni erchondla nach persan aile frit • - 6. .i. conecat andede sin .i. dico ego 7 ego dico 7. .i. acvit foraih linni 25 8. .i. drcunflex lagrecu for alailih diib ut est in his pronomtVnbiis graecis 9. .i. hicoitchenas 10. .i.yWego 11. .i. ishinon oin iiigmficantia -J di^cretio 12. fri cenelchi persan 13. .i. solet ostendere signi^a^^mm t discretionem .i. ego an astormachte ipse t met fris 14. .i ciall chesta and dogres 15. asmaam 30 rosechestar^ arsidetaid

3. they will not promise, i.e. they have them not. 4. absolved ^- 208b from a special form, for when thou sayest ec/o dico or tu dicis, thou dost not signify herein that no other says it in thy company. When, how- ever, thou sayest ego ipse or egomet the saying is a special form to thee 35 alone in this, and no other person con verses (?) with thee. 6. i.e. they can (do) those two things, i.e. dico ego and ego dico. 7. i.e. we have the acute on them. 8. i.e. the Greeks have the circumflex on some of them, ut est etc. 9. i.e. in community. 10. i.e. to ego. 11. i.e. quite the same are significantia and discretio. 12. from the generality 40 of persons. 13. i.e. ego usually shows significantia or discretio when ipse or met is added to it. 14. i.e. the sense of a passive is always in it. 15. who has most followed antiquity. ^{[76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81] [82] [83]} [ 208 ]actionem qiiam pasionem^ in eadem intellegi persona^. Non aliter igitur potest proferri* is", in quern aliquid agitur, nisi per obliquos casus. ...'Aiaxse interfecit/ rursus enim ' interfecit*' ad ipsum (ii. p. 16) Aiacem reciprocatur. lure igitur nos, qui in plerisque antiqui- tatem seruauimus gratiae*^,..

Quaeritur igitur, cur, si ' mei' pro i/uov'^ et efiavrov^ et 'tni' pro P. 209b aov^ et o-eayroO^ accipiantur*"'^*, tamen nominatiuos habeant, ' sui/ cum pro ov^ et eavrov^ accipitur, non habeat nominatiuum ? Ad quod multa sunt dicenda : primum quod, si loco aspirationis...quae est in principio tertiae person ae apud Graecos, 'u est i, s prae- lo poneretur nominatiuo^ esset dubitatio ad coniunctionem ' si ' ; quo- modo enim ov ' sui ' et ol" ' sibi ' et e ' se,' sic nominatiuus i ' si ' debuit esse^. Et in aliis enim dictionibus" quibusdam solent Eolis sequentes uel in digamma uel in s conuertere aspirationem*... Et fortasse ideo ex eo per anastrophen factum est 'is' aliud pronomen', '5 quod propterea puto et relatiuum esse, quomodo t apud Graecos^";

P. 209a 1- N^ arindi bed hi sui t innachamthuislib nobed ingnim t incesad acht doasilbthcer triit som gniim t chesad^ doneuch • 2. hisv oathuislib 3. .. ni rubai anisin rvomin-A,ivo 4. .. inti 5. .i. ani as interfea'^ 6. .i. rothechtatsom. hijius 7 heulus «o 7. t .i. geniiin chintig .i. mei . mux 8. t genitm azYre6thaig

P. 209 b 1- geniiin chint^ 2. ^enitiu aiYrebthaig 3. .i. cwm 3a. si accipiantttr tamen nomtnatiwos hiibeant .i. camaiph thechta.ii^ ainmnidi^ 4. .i. ^em'tiu chintig A. sui • 5. ^renitiu aiYrebthaig .i. sui A. inddi fosodin 6. dond ainmnid nobiad^ dokvi 7, .i. 25 combad • si • apud nos 8. air dosoat eo/dai tinfed indigaivi 9. .i. insin 10. [in marg.] Aliud pronome/i .i. is allail^ proxiomen ani sin frisui- A. an -is- hisin- quod propterea puto .i. med dumuinursa olpriscien issed dorigeni pronomen natdrcadach di • is • anisin uare^ is 6^ pronome?i atdrcadach atd la grcecu • >- 3°

P. 209a 1. not that the action or the passion is in sui or in its oblique cases, but through it action or passion is ascribed to some one. 2. in sui with its cases. 3. i.e. that cannot be in the nominative. 5. i.e. the word interfecit. 6. which they (the Latins) had in knowledge and guidance. 7. or i.e. a genitive of the finite, i.e. mei mine. 8. or 35 a genitive of the possessive.

P. 209 b 1- a genitive of the finite. 2. a genitive of the possessive. 3. i.e. however, they have nominatives. 4. i.e. a genitive of the finite, i.e. sui. 5. a genitive of the possessive, i.e. s)ii, i.e. his in ac- cordance with that. 6. to the nominative which would be to sui. 40 7. i.e. with us it would be si. 8. for the Aeolians convert aspiration into digamma. 9. i.e. that. 10. i.e. that, to wit, that is another pronoun from sui, to wit that is, quod p. p., i.e. this is what I think, says Priscian, this is what made an anaphoric pronoun of is, because it is (derived) from an anaphoric pronoun (?) which the Greeks have. 45 ^{[84] [85] [86] [87] [88] [89] [90] [91] [92] [93] [94]} [ 209 ]deinde quod huius ipsius, id est 'i nominatiui, rarus est etiam apud Graecos usus" ; postremo quod nunquam potest hoc pronomen in- ueniri — hoc est 'sui sibi se a se' — siue reciprocum siue transitiuum '^ ("• P- 17) ut non intelligantur"'* actus uel ab ipsa in se" uel ab ipsa in 5 aliam^* simul^" et ab alia in ipsam, nisi possessiuibus" uel adiunctis copuletur ; tunc enim agere solum, non etiara pati significat, ut ' ille miseratur sui seruum' et 'sibi similem'. . . Ab ipsa in se*', ut Terentius:

Ipsius" sibi esse iniurius uideatur'^;

Pasiua enim quo" ab actiua liquefiunt"*'^^ In aliam ab ea et in lo eandem ab alia^, ut idem in eadem :

banc fidem*

Sibi me obsecrauif", qui se sciref^ non deserturum^»^, ut darem.

11. .i. inddin ainmnedoso .i. inchosc sulbaire «ti- huius 7 an P- 209 b ipsius immalle 12. .i. mad adchoimchladach .i. gnim uad feisin ^'o"'^""^'* 15/017' feisin 7 imfolngai cesad dosom ingnim hisin-^ Siue transi- tiuum .i. intairmtfiechtach .i, hopersin do persin .i. gnim dosom innach naile innunn 7 is cesad do suidiu gnim onach ailiv foir sem anall 7 iscesad dosom afodaitiu sidi • • • 13. .i. med inso mid chumaing aranisar and coni enggnatar gnima acht asagnintar 14. .i. issed 70 ar^ reciprocum insin 15. .i. issed transitiuum 16. .i. gnim doib diblinaib 7 chesad 17. .i. reciprocwm sin 18. .i. a ancride feisin imvaefoliigai cdsdA do 19 — 21. .i. dv- doneprennet^ . d'd inairesetar 22. cesad intesi ab alia nodgni anall 23. .i. immuntorisinse 24. .i. Gnim domsa, thindnacol^ inna hirise - cdsad 25 dosom aairitiv • - 25. ishide rodfinnad 26. Gnim. dosom afius cesad domsa anephdeirgesova. • ut darem .i odartin do arrogdid dom issi dano inchiall hisin arafocladar som (uando dicit in eandem ab alia • • 27. .i. naich ndeirsed

11. i.e. of this one nominative, i.e. the huius and the ipsius together P. 209b 30 is a mark of eloquence. 12. i.e. if it be a reciprocal, i.e. action from continued himself on himself, and that action causes passion (suffering) to him. Or transitivum, that is, transitive, i.e. from a person to a person, i.e. action by him into some other, and the action by some other on him is passion to the latter and the endurance of it is passion to him (the foi-mer). 13. i.e. 35 'tis this which cannot be found there, that actions are not understood, but they are understood. 14. i.e. that is the reciprocum. 15. i.e. this is transitivum. 16. i.e. action to both of them and passion. 17. i.e. that is reciprocum. 18. i.e. (it is) his own wrong which causes suffering to him. 19 — 21. (where) they flow forth, i.e. where 40 they remain. 22. passion into it from another who does it. 23. i.e. for this faith. 24. i.e. action to me to give the faith, passion (suffering) to him to receive it. 25. 'tis he that used to know it. 26. action to him to know it, passion to me not to desert him, ut darem, i.e. that I should give to him what he had asked of me. That, then, is the 45 meaning which he expresses when he says in eandem ah alia. 27. that he would not desert him. ^{[95] [96] [97] [98] [99] [100] [101]} [ 210 ]Huiuscemodi uero structura nominatiuum habere quantum ad transitionera non potest^. Omnis enim genitiuus^* uel uerbo ad- iungitur ad perfectionem sensus, ut 'mei' uel ' illius potior^,' uel possession i*i, ut ' mei seruo loquor.' Alii uero casus non ad pos- sessiones"^ sed ad uerba solum feruntur^^ Igitur ' sui' pronomen uel 5 ad uerbum semper ponitur reciprocum...uel retransitiuum uel ad possessionem "^ ... nunquam autem absolute^, quomodo alia, ut 'ego loquor'... Nominatiuus enim per se positus*^ transitionem non significat ... Cum igitur 'sibi loquitur^' dicimus, in uerbo 'loquitur' nominatiuum intelligimus 'ille^'; cum 'sibi' uero' con- 10 iungimus, ad eum casum, hoc est datiuum...ferri^ actum signifi- camus. ...ifiavTov^ quoque et o-auTo0...quandoquidem ad

28. Hi^mscemoc?* .i. issed acumtach .i. taihsiu gnimo t chesta'^ continued opevsin fviH feisin t opersin do persin hi • svi • conachalnthuislib .i. n{ recar less didin ainmneda la - svi • oc slund indedisin^ • 29. Omnis 15 enim genitiuus .i. isairi ni tuic svi • isnaib desimrectaib • acht • is sibi se tuic indib ar omnis enim genitiuus veMqua ar each genitiu dichoisin ataat indib indicheilse sis • ata dano hisui • cenudfil gnim 7 chesad hisuidiu immurgu oachamthuislib •• ni'^ indaicsenogod so'^- • 30. AD -perfectionem sensus .i. dolinad intsliuchta uerhi air ciasberasu potior P. 210a (II. p. 18) P. 209 b P. 210a' P. 209 b continued P. 210a ni Idn chiall and ofeiser da dia cumachtachtaigther^ .i. induit fein fadonach ailiu .i. is inderb coich inniug concerbara mei .i. doadbadar hisvidiu as leimfein • • 31. .i. dodund atraib trisiniigenitin son 32. .i. slund ceille atraib acht is dolinad intsliuchto^ nerhi 33. .i. mbi nachtuisel aile etarru 7 inbriathar^ 34. .i. cenchdsad fniri 25 fdsin t 171 aliam 35. innaaicniud feisin

1. inninscise 2. asille 3. ani as -sihi 4. .i. fedar .i. mamlaid insin dohucthar ingnim mabeith ^o6arthid aile fri sibi ut sibi ipsi reliqua cave"*-

28. i.e. this is the structure, i.e. manifestation of action or passion 30 from a person on himself, or from a person to a person in sui with its oblique cases. In expressing those two things, then, it is unnecessary for sui to have a nominative. 29. i.e. therefore he has not put sui in the examples, but it is sibi, se that he has put in them, for omnis etc. ; for in every genitive that exists there are these two meanings (mentioned) 35 below : (this) is then in sui. Although, however, there are action and passion in this with its oblique cases this is not the causality. 30. i.e. to fill up the sense of the verb ; for if thou say potior, the meaning here is incomplete until thou know for whom thou art powerful, whether for thyself or for some other. It is uncertain whose is the slave until thou 40 sayest mei : i.e. in this it is shewn that he is mine own. 31. i.e. that is to express possession by the genitive. 32. i.e. an expression of the meaning of possession, but it is to perfect the sense of the verb. 33. i.e. there is no other case between them and the verb. 34. i.e. without passion on itself or towards another. 35. in its own nature.

1. i.e. this statement. 4. i.e. that it is carried, i.e. it is thus that the action can be brought if there be another dative with sibi, as sibi ij)si etc. ^{[102] [103] [104] [105] [106] [107] [108] [109] [110] [111]} [ 211 ]actum, hoc est ad uerbum", proferuntur, reciproca sunt...'mei senium cicidi®.'

. . .et quod' . . loco aspirationis, quam habet tertia apud Graecos persona, s habet principalem per omnes casus".

...coniunctio'* uerbi habet uim nominatiui casus cum actione (n. p. 19) aliqua^". Non igitur 'sui^' nominatiuus potest constare. P. 2i0b

...uis ipsius significationisl 'Uter' uero 'utrius'...licet^ in ("• P- 20) metris et producere et corripere, et quae ex eis componuntur; quamuis haec quoque quidam eodem errore* declinationis inducti lo pronomina esse putauerunt. Quomodo enim iufinita uel interro- gatiua pro norainibus accipiantur^ propriis, quae ignorationem ipsius propriae unius cuiusque substantiae uel qualitatis uel quantitatis significant ?

• Quis^' quoque quamuis substantiam sine aliqua certa qualitate

15 demonstret, hoc" tamen interest... ...in hoc^ esse dicimus P- 2lia qualitatem.

Quid autem sic incongruum quam omnia numerorum nomina^ ("• P- 21 ) sine dubio ab omnibus nomina accipi, ' unus ' autem et ' alter ' et 'uter' et 'solus' declinationis causa pronomina esse putare^? 20 ...'suppellex suppellectilis"',' 'ospes ospita,' 'gracilis^ gracila.,.'

Illud quoque quidam, obiiciunt, quod demonstratio propria est pronominum^ ut 'hie' Ergo et 'talis, tantus,' sed falso. ...id, quod demonstratur per pronomen, solum'-" ostenditur per se nee

5. .i. dolinad intliuchta uerbi 6. ascomort 7. ol ^- ^P* , 25 8. .i. hitossuch recachthuisiul 9. .i. anaccomol 10. .i. asagnintar intainmnid in uerbo

1. .i. indi as • svi • 2. .i. inUliuchta 3. .i. is dilmain P. 210b 4. .i. feih conrerortatar^ is indi as quis 5. .i. air dachruth arafoimtar 6. ani as quis

1. .i. issi a inne insin 2. .i. olchence cenmithd vnus • 7 P- 2lla reliqua 3. .i. issed dm anecoir putare reMqua 4. .i. ni suppellectis dogni 5. .i. nicoitchen 6. .i. armbad hi pronomen tantuin nobed foilsigvd 7. .i. ego 8. .i. ni adchumtig na aill do linad indfoilsigthe fil and acht foilsigthi feisin ii cen ainm dothormuch fris •

5. i.e. to perfect the sense of the verb. 8. i.e. at the beginning, P- 210a before every case. 9. i.e. the conjunction. 10. i.e. the nominative is understood in the verb.

1. i.e. of sui. 3. i.e. it is permitted. 4. i.e. as they have erred P. 210b 40 in quis. 5. i.e. for how are they accepted ? 6. quis.

1. i.e. that is its quality. 2. i.e. (all) others except unus etc. P. 211a 3. i.e. this indeed is the wrongness to think etc. 4. i.e. it does not make supellectis. 5. i.e. it is not common. 6. i.e. that there should be demonstration in a pronoun only. 8. i.e. it does not ' ad- 45 struct' anything else to perfect the demonstration which is therein ; but it demonstrates it itself without the addition of a noun to it. ^{[112] [113]} [ 212 ]ad aliud pertinet extrinsecus*, quod uero per nomen, non solum ipsorum, quae ostenduntur, sed etiam illoruin, ad quos referuntur, demonstrationem habet, ut 'talis Pyrrhus apparet, qualis pater eius'V et quod pronomina demonstratiua in eodem genera et numero manent, qui demonstratur", nomina uero demonstratiua possumus 5 diuersa ostendentes^^ ad diuersa referre'^' ^*, ut si aspicientes mare dicamus, 'Talem^^ esse* Nilum^",' cum sit Nilus masculini, mare autem neutri, uel si quis dicat statuam Herculis cernens, 'Tanti P. 211b fuerunt mei parentes, quantus iste Hercules"'... ...dicimus 'similis huic de quo loquimur.' Ergo cum adiungimus substantiam 10 (11. p. 22) qualitati — nam 'huic^' substantiam, significat, 'similis^* uero quali- tatem...

Trea autem sunt demonstratiua nomina : 'talis, tantus, tot,' et quod a pronomine et nomine componitur: 'huiusmodi' uel 'huius- cemodi.' Vnde hoc quoque aliud intrinsecus demonstrat, id est i.s substantiam^ et aliud extrinsecus intellegitur^ id est qualitas^ quam per se' pronomen sine adiunctione nominis^ habere non posset.

9. .i. 7 naaill dianechtar dofoilsigud afolaid 10. .i. ni ed amet foilsigther ind inne robot hipyrr • acht is i,cen onddrbastar inne indi frisasamaltar ' .i. pater 11. .i. bis isindanmmaim Warn ^o 12. .i. andonaidbdem 13. .i. quasi co??iparare hiceill 14. .i. acosrniligminer dvli ecsamli . . .i. dochenelaib 7 dirmib ecsamlib ar is dcsamil acenel cetne'^ fil isindi as mare 7 as nilus 15. .i. med se an nomen foilsigthech 16. A. ecsamlus ceneiuil anisiv 17. ec- samlus dirme hie

1. ani as huic 2. ani as similis 3. .i. afolud feisin archuit ipronominis 4. .i. archuit ind anmme .1. intan asmbeir Immsmodi .i. inchrutso .i. is ecen taidbse inna inne frisasamaltar 5. .i. tria folud feisin 6. .i. indanmme fit inna c/io??isuidigud .i. modi 30

9. i.e. and anything else from without to demonstrate its substance. 10. i.e. not only is the quality which was in Pyrrhus demonstrated, but it is necessary that the quality of that to which he is compared, i.e. his father, should be shewn. 11. i.e. which is in the noun before. 12. i.e. when we shew. 13. i.e. as if to compare in sense. 14. i.e. when 35 we compare different things, i.e. to different genders and numbers, for different is the gender which is in mare and Nilus. 15. i.e. this is the demonstrative noun. 16. i.e. diversity of gender this. 17. di- versity of number here.

1. huic. 2. similis. 3. i.e. its own substance as regards 40 a pronoun. 4. i.e. as regards the noun, i.e. when he says huiusmodi, i.e. in this manner, i.e. it is necessary to shew the quality to which it is compared, 5. i.e. by its own substance. 6. i.e. of the noun which is in its compound, i.e. modi. ^{[114] [115] [116]} [ 213 ]Sciendum tamen', quod 'talis' et 'tantus* et 'tot,' si ad praesentes dicantur, etiam demonstratiua sunt...

. . in uocatiuo omnia nomina eius capacia possunt esse demon- stratiua ; itaquo in hoc solo finitam uidcntur secundam habere 5 personam : nam in aliis casibus infinitae^ sunt personae et tertiae^» ^"j nisi... ...ad secundam — ea est enim, ad quam naturaliter interro- gatio dirigitur"...

'Alius' quoque caret uocatiuo... Igitur quod^'* caret demon- stratione praesenti, uocatiuum habere non potest... Tertiam lo (juoque incertam significat, quod est illi pro qualitate, et quod'^* in amplioribus solet dici quam duo. ...recitat^^. .. ...'ipse"' omni potest subici pronomini...

Quomodo^ ergo in significatione diuersarum personarum possit P- 212 a esse uocatiuus...? (n. p. 23)

Lib. XIIII. De praepositione. Itaque cum mihi bene (n. p. 24) uideantur praepositionem caeteris indeclinahilibus^ Graecorum doctissimi praeposuisse... Nomini enim...praepositiua"' uim potest sibi dictionis defendere, aliis uero, id est carentibus casu, adiuncta unitur^ cum eis® iusque dictionis proprium perdit^.

Est igitur praepositio pars orationis indeclinabilis, quae prae- ponitur aliis partibus uel appositione^ uel compositione.

Est autem quando per appositionem prolatae praepositiones praepostere^ ponuntur, poetica plerumque auctoritate ; nam sine

7. .i. ciaso folud freciidairc sluindes apronomen fil ism chom- P- 211 b -iS suidigthm tuas .i. huius .i. hitmsmodi 8. .i. ainmnid Hair '^^^**""^" 9. .i. 7 it tertpersin 10. aris ecintech intertpersan 11. .i. aris secunda, pe?'Sona adglddathar iudaicnetid 12. .i. ani .i. alius 12 a. ol 13. arlega 14. ani as ipse

1. dachruth 2. .i. in urdd dorannaib 7iephdiledcha,ib .i. P- 212a 30 dominrannaih^ 3. .i. hicomaisndeis 7 c/iomsuidigud 4. .i. oinaichthir 5. .i. in compositio?ie 7 ni hi friu hi comasndeis 6. .i. non praepositio sed alia pars • aliter oaich rann insce foleith isuidiu acht isaccomolta fri rainn naili • 7. .i. hicomasndis 8. indremdedenach" .i. fo deod

7. i.e. although it is a present substance that is signified by the P. 211b pronoun which is in the compound above, i.e. huius, i.e. huiusmodi. <^onttnued 8. i.e. nominative plural. 9. i.e. and they ai"e third persons. 10. for the third person is indefinite. 11. i.e. for it is the second person which it addresses naturally. 12. i.e. that (which), i.e. aliits.

2. i.e. in order, to the indeclinable parts of speech, i.e. to the lesser P- 212a parts of speech. 3. i.e. in apposition and composition. 5. i.e. in composition, and it is not with them in apposition. 6. Aliter : so that here it is not a separate part of speech, but it is joined to another part. 7. i.e. in apposition. 8. preposterously, i.e. finally. ^{[117] [118] [119]} [ 214 ]metris scribentes^ rarissime hoc inuenias facere^" nisi in 'cum/ quae solet quibusdam pronominibus apud omnes" similiter postponi. Quando autem ordinem motant'^, motant etiam accentum, nisi differentia prohibeat^*, quod etiam coniiinctiones apud Latinos praepositiuae" uel communes^^, si postponantur, facere solent, ut 5 'igitur/ 'quoniam,' 'saltem'; praepositae autem grauantur omnibus P, 212b syllabis, postpositae acuuntur in principio^

Sed hoc interest inter praepositiones et coniunctiones^, quod coniunctiones praepositae* nunquam componi possunt cum declina- (n. p. 25) bilibus nisi^ infinitis, ut 'siqua, nequa/ nee praepositiones, quamuis lo in transitioned ponantur personarum separatae^. . .nee coniungunt*^ duas substantias cum uno accidente^, quod est proprium ®coniunc- tionis.,.uel duo accidentia'^ cum una substantia^ ut 'scribit et legit homo'... Et praepositiones quidem ante casuales tam in composi- tione, quam in appositione ponuntur, coniunctio uero nisi in apposi- 15 tione praeponi aliis partibus^ non potest... .. nee significationem

9. innahi^ 10. .i. ahuith wdremsuidigtheo fodeod hi- continued comasndis 11. .i. etar fileda 7 dis ndinma sairse chence 12. comhiat fodeod 13. .i. graif forsna huilib remsuidigthih dechor^ igitur intan mbite hiremthechtas acuit forapeneuilt iutan 20 I'nhite fodeid acht mabeith accuis dechuir ar isin uilt biid aiccend indib hisuidiu ut circum reliqiia 14. A. remfuirmedcha 15. .i. hitar remsamugud 7 foacomol

1. .i. inna cetnisillabm 2. .i. cenodchosmailigetar hicum- scugud aiccend 3. .i. hitairmthecht opersin dialaili verbi gratia 25 chStni persin dopersin tanaisi 4. .. hicomashdeis 5. .i. dipevsin indingnim 6. .i. ius i7id accomuil 7. .i. nee con- iungunt praepositio?ies amal cidindchomlat cowiunctiones 8. .i. oin folud duini dogni andedesin 9. .i. carentibzw casv^ .i. air tecmaing abuith Azcomsuidigud hiremihechtas fri anman ut ante 6ixit 30 neqwis siqwis • reliqua

9. them (that). 10. i.e. that the preposition should be at the end in apposition. 11. i.e. both poets and other artists. 12. so that they are at the end. 13. i.e. the grave accent on all the prepositions, then, when they are in anteposition : the acute on their penult when they are .^5 at the end, unless there be a cause of difference, for in this case the accent in them is on the ultima. 15. i.e. both anteposition and subjunction.

1. i.e. of the first syllable. 2. i.e. though they are alike in changing accents. 3. i.e. in passing from (one) person to another, for example, from the first person to the second. 4. i.e. in apposition. 40 5. i.e. two persons in one action. 6. i.e. the rule of the conjunction. 7. i.e. nor do prepositions join as conjunctions join. 8. i.e. a man's single substance does these two things (writing and reading). 9. i.e. for it (sometimes) happens to be in composition, prefixed to nouns, as he said before, nequis, siquis, etc. 45 ^{[120] [121] [122] [123] [124] [125]} [ 215 ]suam^° coniunctionis [scil. que] seniat... ...apud Graecos quoque Se in eundem modiim in fine additur'^ nee tamen coniunctio accipitur**, ut oBe, rovSe, rmSe^^*.

Coniunctio praeponitur etiam carentibus casu per appositionem'* 5 solam...

Et aduerbia quidem diriuatiua possunt esse, praepositiones uero positiuae, id est primitiuae, sunt omnes, si sequimur Graecorum auctoritatem^^ ...omnia aduerbia, quae solent casibus adiungi, P- 2l3a Roniani artium scriptores inter praepositiones posuerunt, quia sunt (n- P- 26) lo praepositiua^ casualium et grauantur omnibus syllabis^ uel quia interpretatio eorum apud Graecos* modo praepositionis modo ad- uerbii uim obtinet, ut :

ante era patrum :

hie 'ante^' to Vpo' significat... 'secundum quoque, quando" 15 pro Kara et fierd accipitur, loco praepositionis est.' Sallustius in lugurthino: 'secundum ea'^ uti debetis uterer^' Lucanus in Villi" : (n. p. 27)

secundum®' ^

thebathiam*^ lis tanta datur.

Accentum habent praepositiones acutum in fine'... qui tamen 20 cum aliis legendo" in grauem conuertitur^", nisi praepostere"

10. .i. abidth hi remsamugud 11. A. fortormach • de • apud P- 212 b graecos i7i fine 7 ni comacomol airi cia beith in fine- 12. .i. m oin (continued mod fortormaich son 13. acht is fortormach 14. .i. ammnid airticuil ■ o • foi'tdrmach. -de- .i. si uerum 15. .i. hicomashdis 2-, 16. ar it cetnidi lasuidib

1. .i. is airi insin darigeiisat 2. graif foraib olsodain as P. 213 a sainreth do 7*er?isuidigthib 3. .i. inson fritaindle^ lagrecu 4. anias -ante 5. .i. co 6. .i. iiitayiisiv .i. aduerbium 7. [in marg.] t isare msuidigud^ dobertar indadesmerecht 7 itaremsuidigthib io iiidi greic ama sodain 8. .. acuit inna forciunn feisTie 9. .i. lase aralegatar .i. hisreith rann 10. Legendo .i. olegund .i. hi- filedacht • /ttco7?isuidigud .i. hitosug inna rainne fnsataet incom- suidigad^ 11. fodeid

10. i.e. its being in premission. 11. i.e. 8c is an addition with P- 212 b 35 the Greeks at the end, and it is not therefore a conjunction though it 'continued be at the end. 12. i.e. into the same mode of addition. 13. but iz is an addition. 14. i.e. 6 is the nominative of the article, 8e an addition. 15. i.e. in apposition. 16. i.e. for with them they are primitives.

1. i.e. it is therefore they have done it. 2. the grave accent on P. 213a 40 them, which is peculiar to prepositions. 3. i.e. the word which corre- sponds to them with the Greeks. 6. i.e. secondly. 7. or 'tis for a preposition {sectcndum) that the two examples are given, and for preposi- tions are the two Greek (words), in that case. 8. i.e. the acute on their own termination. 9. i.e. when they are recited, i.e. in a 45 series of parts of speech". 10. legendo, i.e. by reading, i.e. in poetry or in composition, that is, at the beginning of the part of speech with which the composition takes place* (lit. comes). ^{[126] [127] [128] [129] [130] [131] [132] [133] [134]} [ 216 ]proferantiir^ quod Eoles quoque^^ quamuis fugiant in fine acutum^*, in hac parte solent seruare... Cum uero praepostere ponantur", monosyllabae acuto, disyllabae paenultimo acuto proferuntur, nisi P. 213b aliqua differentia^^ .. impediat... Nee mirum, in hac parte orationis Romanos in fine ponere accentus, quamuis sint disyllabae, 5 nee non Eoles contra consuetudinem suam idem facere^ cum annititur^ semper praepositio sequenti dictioni... ...separatae praepositiones acuuntur, coniunctae casibus aut loquellis uim suam sepe conmotant' et graues fiunt. Censorinus . . de his docet in libro, quem de accentibus scribitl

(ii. p. 28) Necnon etiam coniunctioni inuenitur praeposita, sed non seruat uim suam"*, ut 'absque'... Ergo a praepositione 'abs' deriuatum est aduerbium 'absqueV quomodo ab 'ex' 'extra"... ...participio per deriuationem uel consequentiam compositorum uerborum uel per appositionem^, caeteris autem partibus per solam compositionem 15 praepositio iungitur.

P. 214a ...praepositiones... quae complent multarum apud nos^ demon- strationem, ut irept pro 'circum' et 'circa' et 'erga' et 'de' et 'super/ quando memoriae est^ praeponitur".

(11. p. 29) Inueniuntur igitur apud Latinos in praepositionibus trea contraria 20 obseruationi Graecorum^...

...sunt, quae habeant aspirationem, sunt, quae non habeant : 'hara*,' 'habeo,' 'habens,' 'hie/ 'hue/ 'heuV

12. .i. ius .i. aicend in fine 13. .i. hifoirciun" narann olchence 14. fodeid hicomasndis 15. A. fri ainin i dobrethir "^5

1. .i. buith indaiccind in fine 2. .i. lase arasisedar 3. .i. nert an aiccind 4. atd ocoscribunt beos 5. .i. ni remsnidigud acht aduerbiu7>i 6. .i. inchenadid^ 7. .i. indsechtardid 8. .i. nidibsem^ incomsuidignd 7 istriimmaircidMaid innambriathar son [marg. inf.] ut frango fregi fractws eflfringo eflfregi effractus reliqua 3°

1. .{.file linni 2. .i. intan mbis foraithmet^ hi -super' 3. .i. dondforcomet file lasuidib in Y)raepo8itionibus 4. mucfoil 5. .i. nitabair desimrechta hie ar7ia hi ndd techtat Unfed acht arna hi nodtechtsit

12. i.e. rule, i.e. the accent on the end. 13. i.e. on the end of 35 the other parts of speech. 14. at the end in apposition. 15. i.e. from a noun or an adverb.

1. i.e. the accent's being on the end. 3. i.e. the force of their accent. 4. he is still writing it. 5. i.e. it is not a preposition but an adverb. 8. not of them is the composition, and this is through the 40 consequence (consequentiam) of the verbs, as/ranffo, etc.

1. i.e. which we have. 2. i.e. when there is recollection in super^. 3. i.e. to the observance which these (the Greeks) have in prepositions 5. i.e. he does not give examples here for those that have not aspiration, but for those that have it. ^{[135] [136] [137] [138] [139] [140] [141]} [ 217 ]Necnon habent quandatn cognationem ^ cum aduerbiis localibus P. 214 b plerunque praepositiones, ut 'in': 'ad locum' et 'in loco'... ...'ex' praepositio, quae Graeca est...et 'pax' aduerbium comicum, quo utitur Terentius, quod similiter Graecum est^.

Sunt quae iu compositione elgsionem' patiuntur, ut 'con ' sequente uocali... Contra* 'pro^' sequente uocali d assumit. (n. p. 30)

...'ad'... In compositione quoque modo intentiuum" est, ut 'approbat, affirmat.'

Inueniuntur tamen* in aliis etiam partibus praepositiuae^..ut... P- 2i5a lo 'hie' pronomen praepositiuum, quod tamen licet etiam postponere, ut ("• P- ^^) 'hie homo' et* 'homo hie,' nulla ordinis confusione"...bene dicitur^ lure igitur haec sola pars, id est praepositio, a loco, quern proprium possidet^ nomen accepit.

Sepe et uerbis desunt praepositiones '...et praepositionibus '5 uerba*...

Compositae praepositiones cum aliis partibus in illarum potes- tatem concedunt^ ut 'incuruus, adoro, abhinc, perinde'; nam in 'absque' magis additio est que* syllabae, . . quam coniunctio. Verba, quia nominatiuum semper significant uel uocatiuum^ ideo in 2o compositione semper habent praepositiones, quomodo et nominatiui nominum et uocatiui.

Est quando praepositio loco coniunctionis . . accipitur...ut 'propter te,' hoc est 'tui causa ^".' Similiter 'ob' loco causalis poni solet ("• P- 32)

1. .i. ^mal rondgab saichdetu dochuva luic in aduerbiis aid dauo P. 214 b ?5 in Tpraeipositionibus ut in reliqua 2. fri • ex 3. tobe 4. fri con 4a. .i. ani as • pro • 5. .i. indidmech .i. derbaid ni

1. .i. alaaili diib hi remthechtas ut ipraeipositiuae alaaili dano it P- 215 a coitchena eter remthechtas et tiarmoracht ut hie • • 2. ni fail chumscugud iihuirdd and huare is dilmain ndo chechtar nhdi 30 3. cdineperr 4. .i. arremsuidigud do rannaib 5. .i. ni biat rewwuidigthi friu huaraib 6. biit rernsmdigthi huaraib cen- briathra, leo 7. foscochet 8. is airi nithabvr son 9. .i. nert nainmnichthce pronominis hicetni persin 6rethre 7 iiei^t nainmnedo anmmce hitertpersin 6rethre 7 nert togarthado hipersin tdndisi brethre 35 10. .i. aicsenogud comacomuil do buith Arremsuidigud

1. i.e. as there is a striving towards a place in adverbs, so there is in P. 214b prepositions, as in etc. 2. to ea;. 4. to con. 4 a. ie. pro. 5. i.e. intentive, i.e. it certifies something.

1. i.e. some of them in anteposition, as praepositives, others then are P. 215a 40 common both in anteposition and in postposition, as hie. 2. there is no change of order there, because either is permissible to it. 4. i.e. their being placed before parts of speech. 5. i.e. sometimes there are no prepositions with them. 6. there are sometimes prepositions without verbs by them. 8. therefore I do not give this. 9. i.e. the 45 force of naming a pronoun (is) in the first person of a verb, and the force of a nominative of a noun in the third person of a verb, and the force of a vocative in the second person of a verb. 10. i.e. giving the reason why a conjunction is in a preposition. ^[142] [ 218 ]coniunctionis. . . .cum in compositione semper praepositionis habeat" significationem. . .

Cum apud Graecos separata praepositio tribus soleat casibus praeponi...apud nos duobus solis praeponitur, id est accusatiuo et ablatiuo, nisi er)vi(r/jLM^ utatur auctoritas^^. . . . . .genitiuo est usus 5 secundum Graecos^ pro ablatiuo. .. ...Separatae^ enim eae semper transitionem significant.

Praepositio^, quando per defectionem uerborum profertur, gener- alem seruat accentuum regulam ., ut Virgilius in III Aeneidos^:

O mihi sola mei super* Astyanactis imago... lo

Nee non etiam si praepostere proferatur, ut Virgilius in XII :

decus imperiumque Latini

Te penes ^

Virgilius in I Aeneidos :

maria omnia circiirn, 15

in fine acuitur...sicut et apud Graecos Bid^. Et si loco aduerbiorum uel interiectionum" accipiantur, similiter motant accentum sibi distinatum^. ...cum etiam loco nominis ea [scil. aduerbia] soleant accipi, ut Virgilius :

mane nouum ; 20

Sponte sua

Et est quando eandem habent tam in compositione quam in appositione significationem^... Est quando diuersam, ut *de te loquor^' id est 'tui causa loquor/ 'deprimo/ hoc est 'infra premo'; est quando abundant syllabice...ut 'emori' pro 'moriV ...cumas apud Graecos praepositio composita cum dictionibus aliis quibusdam paenultimam habentibus acutam antepaenultimam eam facit, si addit significationi aliquid, ut TrXrjcrio^ irapaiTXrjaLO'i^, apud nos in

11. ol 12. .i. ainmm ngn'dso trisa nacomoUar remsuidigud dogenitin •

1. /oc/iosmailius ngrec 2. hicomashdis 3. .1. rem- suddignd aoinur cen brethir 4. artda 5 .i. islatso 6. aiccend inuilt dano hisuidiu ai^ud graecos 7. i. aiccerid saindiles inna remsuidigthe

1. .i. anniuian, doronta dedobriatli raih 2. inni aicsenogud in • de • hicomasiidis aidhligod and hicomsuidigud 4. nombdad

12. i.e. name of a figure by which a preposition is joined to a genitive.

1. after the likeness of the Greeks. 2. in apposition. 3. i.e. 40 a preposition alone without a verb. 4. survives. 5. i.e. 'tis thine. 6. in this, then, the Greeks have the accent on the ultima. 7. i.e. the peculiar accent of the prepositions.

1. i.e. nouns which have been made of adverbs. 3. i.e. causality in de (when) in apposition, intensification therein (when) in composition. 45 ^{[143] [144] [145] [146]} [ 219 ]uno aduerbio hoc^ solet facere, *inde' 'deinde/ ^xinde, prdinde, ne, si grauetur praepositio, per appositionem esse putetur ante aduerbium, quod fieri non liquet* ^ Est quando significantiae causa assumitur praepositio'... Sunt quae similem habent potestatem [soil. 5 priuationem], ut 'ab a/ 'ex e,' quae etiam localem possident** significationem*.

Subtractae quoque nominibus quibusdam loco aduerbiorum ea (n. p. 36) faciunt accipi, ut 'domo uenio' pro 'a domoV et 'doini sum' pro 'in domo' et 'domum eo' pro 'ad domum.' Et inuicem pro se ponuntur lo praepositiones, ut 'in urbem uenio"' pro 'ad urbera'... Adeo autem plerumque localem habent significationem praepositiones, quod' aduerbia quoque ex his quaedam localia nascuntur: 'ex, extra^ extrinsecus; sub, subter; in, infra intra, intus^'

De singularum igitur ui^ et significatione^ ut ualemus*', disserere P. 2i7a 15 conemur. (n. p. 37)

'Ad' tam in compositione tam in appositione plerumque prox- imitatem significat, ut 'adeo'*' .. *ad Troiam' pro 'iuxta Troiam'...'ad balneas Pallacinas^' hoc est 'iuxta balneas.' Est etiam causalis, ut 'ad quid hoc fecisti®?' hoc est 'cuius causa,' et similitudinis, ut 20 'accommodatus®'...'ad ungeml'.,. Additionis quoque, ut 'ad haec mala^'

1. .i. ind aiccend do hriihfor antepeneuilt 2. .i. abuitsem P. 2i6b Aicomsuidigud an^e aduerbii^m 3. do itnmdogod forggnuso 4. .i. locdatu indih huilib 5. .i. foxol oluc isindobrethir asberr 25 domo 6. donchathrsiig 7. ol 8. indsechtardaid 9. oin huile insin

1. .i. in i coTTisuidigud /a hicomasndia biitfa andiis 2. .i. P. 217 a cisi chiall bis indib a??ial rondgab proximitas in • ad 3. saigitn 4. .i. ocnafothaircthib palnacdib .i. de nomwe philosophi"^ araanic 30 aceneke fothaircthesin • • 5. da ar neoch^ dorrignis 6. .i. ddchomadasaigthe^ .i. coniadasogod 7 chosmailigud neich dialailiv • > 7. do ingin 8. .i. inna olcsa amal nibed • ad and

1. i.e. the bringing the accent on the antepenult. 2. i.e. that it P- 216b should be in composition before an adverb. 3. to enhance signi- 35 ficance (1). 4. i.e. locality in them all. 5. i.e. removal from a place (is implied) in the adverb domo. 6. to the city. 9. all this {infra, intra, intits, is derived) from in.

1. i.e. whether they are in composition or in apposition or in both of ^- 2^"* them. 2. i.e. what is the meaning that is in them, as there is 40 proximity in ad. 4. i.e. at the Pallacine baths : from the name of a philosopher who invented that kind of baths. 5. for what hast thou done it? 6. accommodated, that is, the accommodation and assimilation of one to another. 8. i.e. these evils, as if or? were not there. ^{[147] [148] [149] [150] [151] [152]} [ 220 ]'Per'.. Est etiam iurandi, in quo uim obtinet irp6<i Graecae, (ii. p. 38) quae apud illos quoque in iureiurando^ accipitur, ut 'per louem'^' 77/909 Tov Ai6<i^. Virgilius in X:

Per te*, per qui te talem genuere parentes*.

Aduerbii quoque uim obtinet, quando pro 'nalde' accipitur ut 5 Terentius in Andria :

Per .e. castor^ scitus puer est natus Pampilo.

Virgilius in III Georgicon :

post^ montem oppositum.

Deriuatur ex hoc 'posterus' et 'postica^' 10

'Cis' et componitur et separatur et magis localem habet significa- tionem, ut 'cisalpina^ Gallia"' et 'cis^" Rhenum".' Possumus tamen per translationem et in tempore et in aliis rebus ea uti^'^, ut 'cis (11. p. 39) definitum tempus^V sicut 'ultra" definitum^V uel 'cis naturae leges'*,' ut 'ultra naturae.' 15

'Trans' quoque et componitur et separatur, ut 'transfero'...' trans Padumi^'...

...'cum' pro qua 'con' in compositione semper inuenitur prae- positiua eandem significationem' habens^ quam 'cum^' praepositio, ut 'concurro, conficio.' Nee scriptura* tamen multum discrepat" : 20 antiqui enim pro 'cum' 'com' scribebant. Praepostere® tamen, ut quibusdam placet, cum ablatiuo pronominum componitur 'cum"

.i. hifirlugu 2. tar ioih 3. tarsnadeo^ 4. torutsu 5. indadbol 6. .i. iartain .i. aduerbium 7. fann 8. .i. cenalpande .i. fri alpai n desiu 9. cisalptna .i. comsutc^igthe .i. 25 m gallia cenalpande • cenalpai n etarru • 10. .i. comasndis 11. .i. cenrian netrom 12. .i. cesu locdatu asaicned and .i.° tar crich innunn .i. cesu fricrich desiu aaicned som • 1 reliqua 13. .i. seek innaimsir crichnigihi Jdnnunn 14. .i. al 15.* .i. amal hid ed insin asbertha 16. .i. echtarechf^ .i. docoid tar recht 30 naicnid hinnun 17. comasnd^is

1 . .i. fri cum 2. .i. con • hicomsuidigud 3. .i. ascum 4. .i. ascribend 5. hiter con 7 cum, 6. .i. ciasidruburt nandgndth -cum- Atcomsuidigud acht is con bis tarahesi- 7. ascum

3. by the gods^ 8. cisalpine, i.e. on this side of the Alps. 35 9. cis-alpina, i.e. a compound, the cisalpine Gaul, without the Alps between them (and it)'. 10. apposition. 11. without the Rhine between me (and it)^ 12. i.e. though locality is its natural meaning, that is, beyond the boundary, i.e. though its natural meaning is on this side of the boundary. 13. i.e. beyond the definite time. 40 15. i.e. as if it were this that was said. 16. i.e. outside the law, i.e. he has transgressed a law of nature. 17. apposition.

1- i-6- with cum. 2. i.e. con in composition. 4. i.e. the writing of it. 5. between con and cu7n. 6. i.e. though I have said that cum is not usual in composition, but con is in place of it. 45 ^{[153] [154] [155] [156] [157] [158]} [ 221 ]praepositio, ut 'mecum'... 'Clara' enim magis aduerbium est^...et dimiuuitur^ quod nulla praepositio habet, ut 'clanculum^"'...

'Ante'... ...significat enim 'antea*'...ut Virgilius in bucolico: P. 2l8b

Ante^ pererratis amborum finibus, exul ^' '

Aut Ararim Parthus bibet aut Germania Tigrim.

Deriuatur ex hoc nomen 'antiquus'...ex quo 'antiquarius'.'

...'citra saniem*'...

'Circum' . . quando uero irepu^ demonstrat, aduerbium est locale, (n. p. 41) ut Virgilius in IIII Aeneidos :

Anna, uides toto properari litore circum*.

'Circa '...quando pro 'iuxta' accipitur, ut 'circa forum ^'...postposita tamen inuenitur apud Virgilium post ablatiuum 'quoV loco coniunc- tionis prolata causalis...

'Erga'...quae separata inuenitur solum^.. P. 219 a

'Inter'... Nee solum casualibus praeponitur apud nos et («• P- 42) grauatur, quod suum est^ praepositionis...

' Pridie ' quoque more praepositionis accusatiuo adiungitur. . . ^- 220a ' pridie Kalendas^ lanuarias.' ("• P- ^^)

...'coram, palam, sine, absque, tenus,' quorum omnium interpre- ("• p. 45) 20 tationes apud Graecos aduerbia sunf^. ...nostri huiuscemodi dictiones, quando praeponuntur casibus accusatiuis uel ablatiuis, per transitionem personarum^ inter praepositiones accipiunt et grauantur omnibus syllabis^; quando uero uerbis coniunguntur et intransitiuae sunt et generalem seruant accentuum rationem*, inter aduerbia 35 numerant, et tunc licet ea nominatiuo uel praeponi uel supponi, ut 'legit Cicero et ultra nihil fecit^'... 'Sine' tamen et 'absque' et 'tenus non inueni nisi cum ablatiuo et semper transitiue. . . Suum

8. .1. isairi niihahur &^ud supradicto 9. amaX dongaibter ^- 218a dobriathra 10. indiamrdn continued

1. iar miciniar 2. riam 3. arsate 4. sleidm P. 2l8b 5. inchuartaigthith 6. ocondal suidiu 7. osqMo

1. nibi hi comsvadignd 2. saindiles P. 219 a

1. pridkalde .i. aduerbium loco proeposiiiowis 2. anetarcerta P- 220a lagrecu 3. opersin dialaili 4. .i. graif foraib 5. .i. iar 35 riagoil chenelaig aiccend indobriathraib'^ amaA asiidliged aicend iwdd6riathraib olchene 6. .i. supponitwr hi'c ultra .i. indoll 7. nicumcat sidi beta iidobriathra^

8. i.e. therefore I do not give it with those above mentioned. 9. as P. 218a adverbs are diminished. continued

6. at the foriun. P. 218 b

1. (erga) is not in composition. 2. peculiar. p. 219a

2. their interpretations with the Greeks. 3. from (one) person P. 220 a to another. 4. i.e. the gi*ave accent on them. 5. i.e. according to the general rule of accents on adverbs as is the law of accents on other 45 adverbs. 7. these cannot be adverbs. ^{[159] [160] [161] [162]} [ 222 ]uero est aduerbiorum . . intrausitiue posse proferri et similiter omnibus adiungi^ ut 'non bonus homo ille est'.., sic et per reliquos casus, in quibus 'non' aduerbii causa nulla transitio fieri ostenditur^ At* si dicam 'coram Cicerone dixit Catilina^'...transitionem sine dubio facio diuersarum person arum^", id est ab alia ad aliam transeo 5 personam, quod suum est praepositionis.

Quae uero ex his possunt sine casibus^ uerbis adiungi^, etiam (II. p. 46) inter aduerbia ponunt, Sallustius uero in historiis aduerbium hoc [scil. super] protulit: 'ubi multa nefanda" casu super ausi atque passi.' Sed mihi uidetur Sallustius quoque loco praepositionis hoc postere*^ ro protulisse*... Idem Censorinus haec etiam subiungit*: "post' (11. p. 47) praepositio'. . .' Nee mirum, accentum uel ordinationem differentiam facere praepositionibus et aduerbiis", quamuis easdem habeant syllabas, cum hoc in aliis quoque partibus inueniatur, ut 'pone' uerbum et aduerbium sine praepositio accentu discemitur^. . . 15

'A' et 'ab' et 'abs' et 'e' et 'ex' eandem fere significationis uim habent ; nam et locales et temporales^ et ordinales'" similiter inueniuntur". Sed quando consonans sequitur, 'a' et 'e' magis praeponuntur et^^ in appositione... 'Abs' tam in compositione quam appositione consonantibus solet praeponi^.. 'E' autem in 10

8. centaii'mthecht persan 9. ni ddni dohriathar^ tairm- thechtas persan nindib ciadcomaltar doib 10. atd tairmthechtas persan hic .i. is sain indi asidrubart 7 indi /risaner'brath

1. intan rhhite cen tuisliu 2. ^tcowiasndis 3. .i. casu super ybsorfm 4. .i. uerba asheir sis 5. .i. iartain 6. .i. 25 cumscugud aiccind i uirdd dogni dechor randatath 7. .i. cum- scugud uirdd 7 aiccind 8. pone • graif for cechtar adasyllsib intan asremsuidigud 9. .i. ha6ent sensvm separationis de loco (uando seruiunt^ contra^ particijam 1 intain fongniat frianmman sluindite aimsir • ut de die de tempore • 10. Ordinales .i. p7-aepositiuae .^o semper ifogniatfri anman huirdd vt a prime reiiqua 11. .i. dogniat huili atredesin 12. .i. cid

1. etsi non ovcvmhus .i. partialis mci^ientihus a consonantibus i donaib comfogrichthib^ archuit tuisil -

8. without transition of persons. 9. an adverb does not cause 35 transition of persons in them, though it be added to them. 10. here there is a transition of persons, i.e. different are the person who has said it and the person to whom it has been said.

1. when they are without cases. 2. in apposition. 3. '^casu swjoer ' accordingly. 4. i.e. words that he says below. 5. i.e. 40 afterwards. 6. i.e. change of accent or order which makes a distinc- tion of part of speech. 7. i.e. change of order and accent. 8. put a grave accent on each of its two syllables when it is a preposition. 9. ...or when they are construed with nouns that signify time, as de die, de tempore.... 10. or they are construed with nouns of order, as a 45 primo etc. 11. i.e. they all do these three things.

1. ...or to the consonants as regards case. ^{[163] [164] [165] [166] [167] [168] [169] [170]} [ 223 ]compositione uel priuatiuum* est: 'eneruusV'enodus,' uel intentiuum', ut 'eaectus'... 'Ex' quoque . . . modo priuatiuum, ut 'explico exero*'... Deriuatur' autem ab eo quod est *ab, abs absque.' Nam 'que/ quando uim et^' significationem couiunctionis non habet, 5 syllaba est', non pai-s orationis', quomodo in 'ubique"... ("• P- *^)

...alii uero ad imitationem Graecorum, apud quos irpo^ piaepositio corripitur, nostros quoque in quorundam compositione hoc fecisse dicunt^ 'In' quoque loco inuenitu^^ ut 'pro testimonio dixit,' hoc est 'in testimonio.' ^- ^^^*

'Prae'... Pro 'ante' quoque accipitur, ut 'praedico^'... (n. p. 50)

'Cum' et aduerbium potest esse'*, quando to 'oirore' significat, et praepositio, quando avv, et est copolatiua'...et per solam apposi- tionem* inuenitur. Nee mirum', cum loco eius in compositione ("• P- ^^) semper 'con' praeponatur^. . . 'Cum"' praepositio quoque, quando i.s pronominibus postponitur primae uel secundae personae uel etiam 'seV quae est tertiae, enclitici nice fungitur...ut 'mecum, t^cum, secum'...aliis uero postposita acuitur", ut 'quocum^", quacum'...

...diminutionem, quae in praepositione nunquam inuenitur, in P- 2*22b aduerbio uero est ^ quando ^% ut 'bene: belle,' ' longe : longule'; sic ergo 2o ' clam : clanculuml' Deriuatur ex hoc etiam 'clandistinus^'

'Sine' autem etiam uerbum est imperatiuum*... (n. p. 52)

'Absque' quibusdam composita a praepositione 'abs' et 'que^' coniunctione uidetur, sed nunquam 'que®' coniuuctio in compositione

1. doopir sens indiuit 2. ueTuus .i. colmmene eneruus .i. P-22lb 25 enairt 3. .i. eiscsende t furbuide .i. seiis aidhligthe thechtas 4. assajiud 5. .. fortorviach 6. .i. ni comacomol hisuidiv 7. .i. in chnith nandrann insce acht is fortormach 8. ius innatimmoircne 9. arecar dano sensMS in • hi pr(5 •

1. .1. remiepvr 2. A. intainsin 3. A. ciall chomthinoil^-^^^^ 30 and 4. trechomasildeis 5. .i. ni machdath cid hi comasndis 6. arniad hi coTwsuidigud is con bis and innalucsom hi suidiu 7. ani as cum 8. cid do se 9. arisicomasndis attd 10. lasinnisin

1. diminutio la. .. alailitain 2. ind inidlednP-^^^^ 353. inidil 4. leic 5. <xs abs 7 as que*^ 6. as que

1. it takes away the sense of the simplex. 3. i.e. extensive "^ or ^* 221b perfected*, i.e. it has the sense of enhancement. 5. i.e. an addition. 6. i.e. it is not a conjunction thera 7. i.e. as que is not a part of speech, but an addition. 8. the rule of the shortening. 9. so 4° the meaning of in is found in pro.

2. i.e. then. 3. i.e. the sense of collection therein. 4. by P. 222 a apposition. 5. i.e. no wonder that it is in apposition. 6. for if cum be in composition 'tis con that is in its place herein. 8. even to 86. 9. for it is in apposition.

la. i,e. at some time. P. 222 b ^{[171] [172] [173] [174] [175]} [ 224 ]suam uim' amittit", ut 'atque, neque, quoque^.' Ergo quando amittat significationem^, syllabice magis adiecta uidetur. Est igitur . . deriuatio ab 'abs: absque^",' quomodo ab *unde: undique'..

' magnus poeta Virgilius fuit, magnus poeta Virgilius fuit^^'

,..'uter^'... Plautus in Poenulo:

Quid est ? cuiates estis^ ? aut quo ex oppido ?

Quamobrem igitur praepositae partes, id est interrogatiuae, uel nominatiuae fiunt^ uel aduerbiales, ostendimus.

7. annert his icomaccomol 8. amsd ata comsuidigthi sidi continued 9 ^g^^^ comaccomciU 10. ani as absque

1. ni rdid chene

1. • ciade 2. can duibsi

1. . cairhe hiit" 7. the force that is in a conjunction. 8. as these are compounds. 9. the force of a conjunction.

1. it is not easy besides.

2. whence are ye?

1. why they are. ^{[176] [177] [178]}

Notes

1. MS. et et
2. cf. Sg. 204» 4
3. s under the line
4. here no seems to have been written by mistake, and it is omitted in the transla- tion, cf. Ml. 87" 17
5. om. MS.
6. leg. primitini
7. MS. possessiuorum
8. Compare cennadart fona fertaih into, Windiscb, Worterb. 419
9. MS. atrebtar, with an aspiration-mark over the second a
10. MS. eafJMOs
11. MS. efiaos
12. for disruthaigeddar
13. leg. cum retransitiue
14. om. MS.
15. In fo-r-ror-congrad the first r is the assimilated n of the relative: as to the ror see vol. I. p. 567, note a, and Celt. Zeitschr. iii. 471
16. dese: MS. de
17. even as, W.S. hinunn 7 = idem atqae, Windisch.
18. om. MS.
19. om. MS.
20. MS. €/j.ai • (Tov • i-ov • eXXou • ffov • hov • efirjae • he •
21. for the construction cf. Ml. 59"» 7, 85"» 10
22. at
    • MS. intarcud
23. MS. meae aiae
24. in Sticho om. MS.
25. the subject of the dependent clause is put by anticipation in the genitive after the verbal noun
26. the Latin word inflected as Irish; bn = mn
27. the absolute form of mo, (as di of a), which occurs also in Sg. 209' 7 and, with the suffix -se, in Wb. l*" 3. So in Adamnan's prayer, LU. 28", mui mo chelmaine is glossed by isi mo chelmaine dam, and in Amra Senain, the blind author says: moai mo rose .i. rop lim mo radarc. Cf. further is and nadbi mui na tdi 'there there is neither 'mine' nor 'thine," LU. 131 I, 31
28. der rand vollig abgerieben und nicht mehr zu lesen, Thurneysen
29. MS. communes li
30. MS. omnibus
31. leg, iihed
32. d of. KZ. XXXV. 339
33. the Latin word inflected as Irish
34. MS. sinaresim
35. cf. above p. 50, note b
36. the second c over the line
37. leg. cenmithd (cf. Sg. 202« 1)
38. MS. -aimnid
39. om. MS.
40. recte et fortassis
41. MS. cobadair
42. MS. cremina
43. recte parseris
44. the n oifrian is superscribed and blotted : sehr verwischt, Thurneysen
45. MS. isaidi, with punctum delens over the second i
46. MS. tahessi with r written over a
47. om. MS.
48. MS. omnia nomina cum pronominibus quae
49. MS. singuralem
50. before h's is the siglum for eius, with puncta delentia above and below.
51. am obern rand mit verweisungszeichen ; die obere zeile ist vom bucbbinder grosstentheils weggeschnitten oder beschnitten, Thurneysen
52. MS. copos; the mark for m may have been cat off by the bookbinder
53. i. cas* over quos
54. added on margin by the same hand
55. leg. sauium
56. ndi ? cf. Sg. 198* 16
57. the r is under the line : for v Thurneysen reads i
58. MS. OY
59. MS. AATiNOr
60. MS. hOY
61. MS. hoc
62. cf. nisnarroetmami sidi Sg. 16» 8, further Wb. 31» 9, Ml. 44» 14, 44*» 10, 11
63. cf. Sg. 7*>1, with note
64. MS. tam
65. MS. accentum
66. MS. accuntur
67. MS. id est in rasura
68. MS. tabur, with aspiration-mark over t
69. cf. Ml. 129* 2»
70. MS. /jxfxoXvixTivos
71. the aspiration is due to the infixed neater pronoun
72. rectius comsuidigthe
73. MS. aran rt Cf. Wb. 9' 10 and 12^25
74. MS. add. est
75. MS. adcomaltal
76. MS. orchoTONO/weNak
77. MS. aixaov • afiaov • afie
78. e&YTON
79. MS. eAMACAYCOMAY
80. MS. M&YTON
81. MS. eavTov
82. coined to express ab-soluta
83. cf. innani as deg rochreitset Wb. 31* 6, and KZ. xxxv. 351
84. leg. graeciae
85. MS. efiaov et efia aov et creavrov accipiantur
86. MS. Hoy
87. om. MS.
88. MS. cesad
89. .i. iiber accipiantwr, das in der ersten zeile der seite steht, glosse : .i. c ; weiter oben am rande ohne verweisungszeichen : i si etc., Thur- neysen
90. The aspiration is strange. Is it due to camaiph?
91. MS. no bia
92. rectius alaill
93. MS. ore with va written over 6.
94. MS. o, which Ascoli prints as if it were Greek or Latin
95. leg. intellegatnr
96. leg. possessluis
97. leg. Ipsns
98. a corrupt text is explained
99. here, as in ar-rind sin Sg. 70" 7, ar is the nom. sg. of the neut. article, n being assimilated to the following r
100. in the MS. dr and doneprennet are separated by a Latin gloss .i. persona over actiua
101. cf. KZ. xxxv. 339
102. MS. positionem
103. MS. efjuxirov
104. MS. cesta
105. this gloss is on the margin of p. 209»
106. leg. nihe?
107. leg. cumachtaigther, cf. Sg. 39" 2, Ml. 28» 12
108. MS. indsliucht: cf. co Idni innt'sliuchto, Sg. 26*9
109. for the construction, cf. Sg. 7" 1 with note
110. svdet qui legat difficilis ista pagina
111. caue is written above the gloss, in particular over mabeith
112. om. MS.
113. cf. Ml. Ib^ 10
114. MS. et
115. om. MS.
116. leg. cetavau» ? J.S.
117. leg. praepoeita
118. a mark of length over min is very doubtful, Windisch, Thurneysen
119. cf. iarmindedenach Ml. 29» 7
120. MS. praepositiuae
121. MS. nisi cum declinabilibus his
122. leg. praepositiones uero non coniungunt, Hertz
123. in full innahi scribtae
124. sic ; doch scheint mir moglich, dass das zwischen remsuidig'" und g^intan stehende dechor, das genau iiber differentia steht, eine vorher eingetragene glosse ist, die also nur zufallig die iiber die ganze zeile geschriebeiie glosse 212* 13 trennt, Thurneysen
125. these words are from a sentence of Priscian's a little further on: coniunctio praeponitur etiam carentibus casu per appositionem solam, cum contra praepositio per compositionem dumtaxat potest illis praeponi
126. MS. Tw5e
127. ova. MS.
128. MS. iii"
129. leg. Emathiam
130. cf. atait .i. suut afrithindleach latinda BB. SI?** 6, Windisch Wb. s.v. frisindlim, frisindle in coin cona dib Ufmaib LU. 60^88, frisindle chaindell, Cormac s.v. Uthech
131. ar remsuidigud
132. MS. incomsnig"
133. cf. Sg. 95» 2
134. cf. Sg. 158» 3, 4, 159» 3, 197» 4
135. MS. proferatur
136. leg. ponitur
137. MS. hiforciun
138. an artificial adverbial formation from cen
139. MS. indibsem
140. MS. foraith
141. i.e. wben super implies recollection. Ascoli wrongly prints semper
142. om. MS.
143. MS. eXivi(r/io
144. om. MS.
145. MS. interectionum
146. MS. irXTjaws TrapanXeffus
147. leg. licet
148. MS. possidentur
149. MS. ualeamus
150. MS. philophi
151. in Ml. cierniu 47'^!, ciaenieo 101*4
152. Ascoli, Gloss xlvii, would correct into dechomadasaigthe ; but do-choviadasaigthe is an artificial word made to represent ac-commodatus, the mark over do here indicating stress, not length
153. i parentes » MS. potentes
154. the glossator mistook Aids for the Latin deos
155. this may be the beginning of a separate gloss on translationem, Thurneysen
156. 14 and 15 may form one gloss, Thurneysen
157. rectius echtarrecht
158. cf. Vol. i. 599 note f
159. MS. dobre"
160. cf. iarmiciniar (gl. antea) Ml. 18 10
161. MS. indohre^
162. MS. dolrreth"
163. MS. aut
164. MS. cantilena
165. MS. nefandae
166. leg. praepostere
167. MS. dofere"
168. the n over the line
169. =Ir. intain fongniat fri
170. MS. comogrich
171. MS. diriaantur
172. om. MS.
173. MS. q.
174. cf . eiscsin Sg. 201" 16, escse Ml. 65» 4, escsiu 65» 5
175. cf. forbaidi Ml. 110" .3
176. MS. amittat
177. magnus poeta ir^ fuit • ni reid chene MS. magiius poeta uirgilius fuit • iuuenalis in • 11 •
178. leg. ciaimeo 6nt = quamobrem fiunt, cf. Sg. 217*5? J.S.